benard ouma ogala-university of nairobi supervisors dr. james muthomi -university of nairobi
DESCRIPTION
THRIPS MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN FRENCH BEAN PRODUCTION AND EFFICACY OF INTEGRATED PESTICIDE APPLICATION REGIEMES IN EMBU EAST. Benard Ouma Ogala-University of Nairobi Supervisors Dr. James Muthomi -University of Nairobi Prof. John Nderitu-Mount Kenya University - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
THRIPS MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN FRENCH BEAN PRODUCTION AND EFFICACY OF INTEGRATED PESTICIDE
APPLICATION REGIEMES IN EMBU EAST
Benard Ouma Ogala-University of Nairobi
Supervisors
Dr. James Muthomi -University of Nairobi
Prof. John Nderitu-Mount Kenya University
Dr.Faith Torotich -University of Nairobi
1.Introduction
1.Inputs-Not affordable
2.EU regulation-Barriers to trade
MRL-10% sample per consignment
150000-200000 Ksh per shipment
3. Private standards e.g. Global GAP: Smallholder farmers have problems in
meeting the costs
2. Objectives
Broad
To develop an integrated thrips management regime suitable for small scale growers. Specific
• To determine pest management strategies used by small scale French bean farmers in Embu
• To evaluate the efficacy of integrating biological, synthetic and botanical pesticides in management of thrips.
3. Determination of current pest control practices
3.1Sampling procedure Sample size-70 farmers Multistage sampling technique Farmers randomly selected from the list of French bean farmers Structured questionnaire3.2Data collected• Challenges to French beans production• Farmers knowledge of pests and their management practices.• French bean varieties grown, harvesting and post harvest• Marketing channels and certification status of farmers
3.3: ResultsFigure 3.1: Constraints to French beans production
Figure 3.2:Important pest as perceived by farmers
Figure 3.3:Methods of control
Table 3.1:Record keeping and storage of pesticides
Percent farmers Percent farmers
Record keping Mwea east Embu east Storage of pesticides
Mwea east Embu east
Production 47.4 18.8 House 29 21.8
Spray 28.9 21.9 Separate store 65.8 50
Sales 60.5 40.6 Central store 2.6 21.8
PHI 21.1 34.4 Left in the field 2.6 6.4
Table 3.2:Marketing, marketing channels and certification status of farmers in Embu East district
Activity Measure Mwea east Embu east
Marketing chanel Brokers 63.2 28.1
Exporters/processors 36.8 71.9
Point of sale Sold at home 60.5 6.3
Exporters 13.2 3.1
Central collection point 18.4 90.6
Transported to brokers 7.9 0
Distance to collection point(Kilometers)
1 18.4 25
2 10.5 17.9
3 and more 10.6 57.1
Implementation of market standards
Yes 23.7 9.4
Type of standard Global GAP 23.7 9.4
Plans for certification Yes 15.8 3.1
Certified 0 3.1
4. Effects of integrating biological, synthetic and botanical pesticides on pod quality and yield of French beans
4.1Design-RCBD, 4 replicates
4.2 Treatments chemical plus biological pesticides - at 50% flowerinng, 8 days later, 16 days chemical plus botanical pesticides - at 50% flowerinng, 8 days later, 16 days conventional pesticide - at 50% flowerinng, 8 days later, 16 days botanical plus biological - at 50% flowerinng, 8 days later, 16 days Biological pesticide - at 50% flowerinng, 8 days later, 16 days Control plots - no pesticide application. 4.3 Data collected Growth parameters Thrips population Pod quality Pod yield
4.4 ResultsTable 4.1:Effects of pesticide spray regiemes on thrips population- F.spp
F.Occidentalis F.schulzei
Season 1 Season 2 Season 1 Season 2
Treatment MEAN MEAN MEAN MEAN
Chemical+Biological 5.4b 1.6ab 9.1ab 1.3ab
Chemical+Botanical 4.6b 1.5ab 10.8bc 1.5b
Conventional 2.8a 1.1a 6.31a 0.9a
Botanical+Biological 7.7c 2.0b 14.2cd 2.1c
Biological 7.7c 2.0B 15.5bc 2.3c
Control 8.2c 3.3C 21.8e 2.9d
LSD5.1
1.8 4.3 1.6
Cv%14.2
51.6 18.6 62.5
Table 4.2:Effects of pesticide spray regiemes on thrips population-Megalulothrips and larvae
Megalulothrips larvae
Season 1 Season 2 Season 1 Season 2
Treatment MEAN MEAN MEAN MEAN
Chemical+Biological 4.4a 1.7a 4.0a 1.3a
Chemical+Botanical 4.6a 1.5a 3.2a 1.8ab
Conventional 3.7a 1.2a 3.7a 1.2a
Botanical+Biological 25.0b 2.3b 15.4b 2.6bc
Biological 23.9b 2.4b 13.4b 3.3c
Control 25.7b 3.1c 16.9b 5.0d
LSD 12.8 1.7 13.0 2.2
Cv% 38.2 61.4 31.1 61.2
Table 4.3:Effects of pesticide spray regiemes on pod quality of French beans
Marketable
Season 1 Season 2
Treatment MEAN MEAN
Chemical+Biological7.6c 5.8c
Chemical+Botanical7.1c 6.0c
Conventional8.4d 6.6d
Botanical+Biological6.4b 5.2b
Biological6.1b 5.2b
Control4.7a 3.91a
LSD1.6 1.6
Cv%16.8 20.6
Table 4.4:Effect of different pesticide spray regimes on yield of French
Season 1 Season 2
Fine Extra fine Rejects Fine Extra fine Rejects
Treatment MEAN MEAN MEAN MEAN MEAN MEAN
Chemical+Bio
logical
225.7c1020b 323.0ab
01663.0c 285.2abc
Chemical+Bot
anical
174.8bc790.3b 393.8bc
01859cd 281.1.6ab
Conventional 199c 1347d 269.5a 0 2066.0d 245.6a
Botanical+Bio
logical
180bc636ab 469.4cd
01295.0b 353.0bc
Biological 131.1ab 609a 514.2de 0 1129.0b 386.0c
Control 106.9a 541a 588.2e 0 774.0a 611.8d
LSD 178.6 481.1 177.8 0 825.0 302.9
Cv% 13.8 42.2 48.7 0 40.3 60.2
Plan to conclusion
FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT
Compile first 3 chapters
of thesis
Data interpretation write
results
Compile and complete
thesis
Thesis submission
Graduation
THANK YOU