BELLWORK1. What is lynching?2. What is Socialism? What is

Capitalism? How are they different?3. What is a settlement house?4. What is a muckraker? Were they

effective? Explain! 5. THINKER: In today’s elections, how

many political parties run for the presidency? Why do YOU think it is limited to this number?

   RED: more than 60 years   ORANGE: between 50 and 60 years   YELLOW: between 40 and 50 years   GREEN: between 30 and 40 years   BLUE: between 20 and 30 years

   BLACK: between 10 and 20 years   PURPLE: less than 10 years

Three Presidents During Progressive Era

Theodore Roosevelt• Nickname: “TR”, “Teddy”, “The Bull Moose”• Personality: Extremely energetic, great

speaker• While boxing in the White House with

heavyweight John Sullivan, Roosevelt received a blow to his face that left him blind in his left eye. (kept secret for several years)

• Mad House: Roosevelt had 6 children, horses, dogs, snakes, cats, a badger, & guinea pigs running around the White House.

Theodore Roosevelt• A typical TR breakfast included giant

mugs of coffee, and 12 eggs!• Firsts: ride in an automobile, fly in an

airplane, dive in a submarine, & travel outside the US while in office

• Assassination attempt in 1912: “I don’t know whether you fully understand that I have been shot, but it takes more than that to kill a Bull Moose”

• Loved to travel: At 60 yrs. old, TR traveled to S. America. He contracted malaria and died a few years later.

After the Spanish-American War, the U.S. emerged as a world power.

In order to connect the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, the U.S. decided to build a canal in Central America. This would make global shipping faster and easier.

• One problem: Panama was owned by Columbia and they refused to give it up.

• Solution: U.S. led a revolt, captured Panama, and declared it an independent state.

• In return, Panama signed the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty that gave the U.S. a permanent grant of land to build a canal; Panamanians received $10 million.

• The building started in November 1903 and finished in 1914; six months ahead of schedule and $23 million under budget.

• Pro-Canal: vital to national security and prosperity

• Anti-Canal: gained control of Panama illegally, left bitter relationship between Latin America and the U.S.

• What do YOU think? Was the end result worth the bad relations with Latin America?

“Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far”

• Central point: The U.S. government would intervene to prevent invasion from other powers.

• Caused a lot of U.S. interventions in Latin America

• To keep an open door trading policy with China he mediated a peace agreement between China, Russia and Japan. This won him a Nobel Peace Prize.

Roosevelt’s Business Policies• Sherman Antitrust Act:

prohibit monopolies

• Bureau of Corporations: investigates antitrust violations

• Settled strikes between managers and workers

• Meat Inspection Act: outlawed misleading labels and dangerous preservatives

Roosevelt’s Environmental Policies

• Conserve nature for recreational use

• Created U.S. Forrest Service

• Set aside 194 million acres for national parks and nature preserves

Theodore Roosevelt

"Optimism is a good characteristic, but if carried to an excess, it becomes foolishness. We are prone to speak of the resources of this country as inexhaustible; this is not so."Seventh Annual Message to Congress, December 3, 1907

William Howard Taft• 1909-1913• Nickname: “Big Bill”• Personality: lethargic,

unsure of himself.• Weighed 325 Pounds• Big Bill: Split his pants

wile visiting the czar of Russia, couldn’t tie his own shoes, got stuck in the White House bathtub several times.

Taft’s Progressive Policies• “Dollar Diplomacy”: extend business interests in

Latin America and East Asia instead of war

• Brought twice as many suits against businesses as Roosevelt did

• First federal budget

• Federal Children's Bureau

2012 Federal Budget• Department of Defense - $553.0 billion• Overseas Contingency Operations -

$118.0 billion • Department of Health and Human Serv

ices - $79.9 billion

• Department of Education - $77.4 billion • Department of Veterans Affairs - $58.8

billion • Department of Housing and Urban Dev

elopment - $49.8 billion

• Department of State - $50.1 billion • Department of Homeland Security -

$43.2 billion • Department of Energy - $29.6 billion • Department of Justice - $28.2 billion • Department of Agriculture - $23.8

billion • National Aeronautics and Space Admin

istration - $18.2 billion

• Department of Transportation - $13.4 billion

• Department of the Treasury - $14.0 billion

• Department of the Interior - $12.1 billion • Department of Labor - $12.8 billion • Department of Commerce - $8.8 billion • Army Corps of Engineers - $4.6 billion • Environmental Protection Agency - $9.0

billion • National Science Foundation - $7.8

billion • Small Business Administration - $1.0

billion • Corporation for National and

Community Service - $1.3 billion

TOTAL 2012 BUDGET: $3.79 Trillion

Woodrow Wilson• Nickname: “The School

Master” because he was the best-educated President.

• Despite his cold exterior, Wilson wrote 1,000’s of sexy love letters to his wife, and frequently visited a woman in Bermuda

• In 1919 Wilson suffered a stroke, his wife Edith was the gatekeeper during his recovery (first female president?)

Wilson’s Progressive Policies• Reduced Tariffs

• Federal Reserve System: stop unexpected economic downturns

• Clayton Antitrust Act: punished violators of antitrust laws

• Federal Trade Commission (FTC): stop unfair trading and business practices

• Protecting Workers: compensation for injuries

Election of 1912• Now that you know Wilson is President from

1913-1921, we are going to focus more on the election of 1912.

• This election is controversial for many reasons:

1. Roosevelt decided to run again

2. A third-party candidate receives a lot of votes

3. Socialism hits its peak in American History

4. It splits the Republican Party

Election of 1912• You are now going to complete the graphic

organizer attached to your guided notes printout.

• Read pages 275-278 and fill in the blanks.

• Political Party: What party did they represent?

• Beliefs/Platform: What they were fighting for

• History: The background behind their Presidential campaign

• Outcome: What happens as a result of the election

Progressive Flyer• During this era, Progressives got the word out

by creating flyers.

• Now it is your turn to be a Progressive and create a flyer for a problem you are passionate about.

• For this assignment you will make a flyer relating to one problem of the 1900’s

• Corruption, child labor, anti-lynching, food safety, education, immigrant rights, housing

• Be creative! Use color! 20 points!