Bellringer

• Take out your outline and get ready for your quiz!

• BJOTD: How do small people call each other?

Objectives

• The Students will know– What the Golden Age of Athens was including some of

the major figures– The major causes and effects of the Peloponnesian War

• The Students will understand– The Peloponnesian War will lead Greece into a weakened

state, setting the stage for Philip II of Macedonia• The Students will be able to

– Work together in order to use historical evidence to identify and defend famous figures from Greek history

The Golden Age of Pericles

Effects of Persian Wars

• Persian Wars united Athens and Sparta against the Persian Empire– Athens became the leader of the Delian League (an

alliance of 140 city-states)• Athenian victories over the Persians at Marathon

and Salamis left Greeks in control of the Aegean Sea

• Athens preserved its independence and continued innovations in government and culture, leading to the rise of the Golden Age of Greece

Post Persian War• Athens is the leader of the

Delian League– Goal: mutual defense

group in case of invasion– Other city-states pay

money to help fund Athens’ navy and army

• Athens is the premier city-state

• Sparta has the Peloponnesian League– Goal: mutual defense

group in case of invasion

Pericles (495-425 BCE)

• Well-liked Athenian statesman who came to power in Athens in 461 BCE

• Ruled for 32 years

Major Accomplishments

• Extension of democracy– Increased the number of paid public officials• Result:

– Officials chosen by election OR Lot• Result:

– Fan of direct democracy

Other Accomplishments

• Rebuilt Athens after the Persian Wars

• Promoted the arts and architecture– Columns• Doric: strong, topped with

round capital• Ionic: taller, slender, scroll-

shaped capital• Corinthian: Ionic column

with intricately carved capitals

Capital=top of column

The Parthenon

• Built by Pericles• Statues created by Phidias (a famous

sculptor)– The statue of Athena in the Parthenon– The statue of Zeus at Olympia

• Uses of Parthenon– Temple, treasury

Processing

• Take notes on the people on your pages• Working with your group, you must:

– Identify who the page belongs to and back up your identification with 3 clues from the yearbook page (1 must be an explanation of the quote)

– Label what group the individual was a part of :• Literature/drama• Math/science/medicine• History• Government• Philosophy• Architecture

– Come up with your own superlative for that individual• Example: for Cyrus the Great

– Nicest Person in the Class

The Peloponnesian War (431-401 BCE)

• Competition between Athens and Sparta for the control of Greece was a major cause of the war

Athens and theDelian League

Sparta and the Peloponnesian League

vs.

• How did the war start?• What was Pericles’ Funeral Oration about?• How did Athens get supplies when they were isolated

inside their walls?• What happened in Athens that killed 1/3 of the

population?• Who was the leader of the Spartans that defeated Athens?• How did Lysander defeat the Athenians? • What did Lysander demand that Athens do to their walls?

Why?

The Effects of the Peloponnesian War

• Slowed cultural advances and weakened political power– Ends the Golden Age of Athens, Sparta emerges as

the dominant power– Poverty throughout Greece slowed cultural

advancement

Golden Age: Greek Drama

• Aeschylus 1. Playwright 2. Tragedies 3. Pride could bring

misfortune/the gods could bring down even the

greatest hero 4. The Oresteia (The Trojan Wars)

• Sophocles 1. Playwright 2. Oedipus and Antigone

Golden Age: Greek Literature

• Homer 1. Poet (epics) 2. The Iliad and the

Odyssey – journey of Odysseus coming

home after the Trojan

War

Golden Age: Historical Writing

• Herodotus 1. Father of history 2. Stressed the importance of research and

bias 3. Wrote The Persian Wars• Thucydides 1. History of the Peloponnesian War 2. Placed a lot of emphasis on accuracy and

precision of facts

Golden Age: Science

• Hippocrates 1. Doctor 2. Hippocratic Oath do no harm (rule of ethics for doctors)

• Archimedes 1. Physicist and inventor 2. Lever and pulley for moving heavy and large objects• Euclid 1. Mathematician 2. The Elements – basis for modern geometry

• Pythagoras 1. Mathematician 2. Pythagorean Theorem

Time Magazine’s Most Influential Man of 300 BCE

• Magazine Cover and Article that answers the question of “Why should this individual be named Time Magazine’s Person of the Year in 300 BCE?”– Writing Component: Persuasive Essay with an

intro/thesis, body, and conclusion– NO MORE THAN 1 page, single-spaced

• Magazine Cover: Picturing your person and hints about their accomplishments that tie in with your paper

2010

• Mark Zuckerberg, creator of Facebook

2008

• Barack Obama

1938

• Adolph Hitler, Chancellor of Germany