bellringer january 5, 2012 grab your clicker take out chapter 5 notes guide take out something to...
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Bellringer January 5, 2012
Grab your clicker
Take out Chapter 5 Notes Guide
Take out something to write with
Put the remainder of your materials in your desk
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COACH CORLEYJANUARY 25 , 2011
Chapter 5, Section 2Greek Philosophy and
History
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Objective
Today, we will be learning about Greek philosophers and
historians.
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Greek Philosophers
*Philosophy – the “love of wisdom”
Philosophy led to history, political science, science, & math.
Philosophers believed that human mind could understand everything.
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Greek Philosophers
*Pythagoras taught that the universe followed the same laws of music and numbers.
*Pythagorean theorem is attributed to him. It is a way to determine the length of the sides of a triangle.
a2 + b2 = c2
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Greek Philosophers
*Sophists were professional teachers in ancient Greece.
They traveled, taught to win arguments, & political speeches.
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Greek Philosophers
Sophists did not believe gods influenced people.
*They rejected the idea of absolute right & wrong.
*They said one’s right may be another’s wrong.
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Greek Philosophers
*Socrates was an Athenian sculptor whose true love was philosophy.
He disagreed with the Sophists.
He did not write anything.
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Greek Philosophers
Socrates believed: Absolute truth existed Every person has real
knowledge
*Socratic Method *To ask pointed
questions to force reason and thinking.
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Greek Philosophers
But…… What about to
authority?
After Peloponnesian War, Socrates was teaching rebellion!?!
Found guilty….would not leave….drank the poison…
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Greek Philosophers
Plato *Socrates’ student *Wrote Republic,
which explains his ideas about government.
*People could NOT live good lives w/o just & reasonable gov
He divided ppl into 3 groups
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Greek Philosophers
Plato *Philosopher-kings – ruled
using logic & wisdom
Warriors - defended the state from attack.
Everyone else – driven by desire, not wisdom. Produced food, clothing, & shelter
*Men & women should have the same education & equal chance to have the same jobs.
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Greek Historians
*Plato established a school in Athens, the Academy.
Aristotle: *Plato’s best student *Wrote over 200 books
on government to the planet and stars
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Greek Philosophers
*Aristotle opened his school, the Lyceum.
*Students were taught the “Golden Mean,” a person should do nothing in excess.
Aristotle also grouped things according to their similarities and differences.
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Greek Philosophers
Politics: *3 Types of Gov.
*Gov’t by one person, monarch or tyrant
*Gov’t by a few, oligarchy
*Gov’t by many, democracy
*Best was a mix of an oligarchy & democracy
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Greek Historians
The first REAL histories in Western civilizations
Herodotus in 435 BC wrote the history of the Persian Wars.
He ask questions, recorded answers, & checked truth.
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Greek Historians
*Herodotus is considered the “father of history.”
*Thucydides is considered by many to be the greatest historian of the ancient world.
He fought in the Peloponnesian War, he was exiled.
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Greek Historians
He then wrote History of the Peloponnesian War.
He saw war & politics as the activities of humans, not gods.
*He stressed having accurate facts.
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Review
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Homework