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Bellringer. Study for 2 mins !. During the course of WWI, Russia withdrew before the war was over because of a revolution at home. Russia emerged from their revolution as the world’s first communist state. Background to the Russian Revolution. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Bellringer
Study for 2 mins!
During the course of WWI, Russia withdrew before the war was over because of a revolution at home. Russia emerged from their revolution as the world’s first communist state.
Background to the Russian Revolution
Russia was militarily and technologically unprepared to fight in WWI Lacked competent leaders and industry to produce
weaponsCzar Nicholas II (The Last Czar of Russia)
was a weak and harsh ruler Cut off from what was going on with the government
as he led Russia in the war Wife, Alexandria, made important government
decisions based on the advice of Grigory Rasputin, a mystic “holy man”
Czar Nicholas II and Family
Rasputin
Rasputin with Admirers
Background to the Revolution
The people became more and more upset with the royal family as they suffered war losses War became very unpopular Rationing food led to starvation of the Russian people
Assassinated Rasputin in December 1916 Stabbed three times, tied up and thrown into the river He untied the knots before he drowned!
March Revolution (1917)
Protests spread throughout the capital (St. Petersburg) as women revolted over bread rations and workers went on strike
A provisional government was set up and the Czar was forced to step down
Aleksandar Kerensky, the leader of the temporary government, kept the war going to preserve Russian honor The new government then became unpopular because they
were sick of war! Meanwhile, the soviets (groups of radical socialists) were
spreading
October (Bolshevik) Revolution (1917)
Bolsheviks (radicals who wanted violent revolution) began to grow under the leadership of V.I. Lenin Wanted an end to capitalism “Peace, Land, and Bread”
Used the soviets to overthrow the provisional government
Lenin became the new head of government, and the party renamed themselves “Communists”
Became the world’s first socialist state and Lenin intended for the revolution to spread
Russia leaves WWI
Lenin had promised the people peace, though it would mean the loss of territory
Signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany to end the war in 1918
The Allies were worried about the Communist takeover of Russia and many people in Russia were opposed to the new government
Civil war took place between Red (Communist) and White (Anti-Communist) forces
Communists won because of well-disciplined army, no common goals among White forces, Red secret police and the Red Terror’s fear tactics, and nationalism
Outcome
By 1921, Communists had total command Communism is a form of socialism where the
government makes all the decisions about the economy
Russia became known as the United Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.)
Centralized state ruled by a single partyHostile to the Allies because the Allies helped
the White forces against them
Connect!
1. What things led to the Russian Revolution?2. Who was the leader of the Bolsheviks and
the leader of the new Communist ruled Russia?
3. Why did Russia withdraw from WWI?4. Why did the Red Army win the civil war?