bellringer 11/6 where do trees get their mass from? 7
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Bellringer 11/6• Where do trees get their mass from?
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UNIT 2 PART 4: PLANT NUTRITION
• Photosynthesis is a process where plants transform the energy from light into chemical bond energy.
• Green plants are autotrophs: they manufacture food from inorganic raw materials. A heterotroph eats food.
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Chlorophyll: A pigment
• A substance that absorbs light is called a pigment.
• Plants have green pigments, chlorophylls a & b. They look green because green light is reflected.
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• Other plant pigments include
– carotene (orange) &
–xanthophyll (yellow).
• Together, these pigments absorb the red & blue light used in photosynthesis.
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Chloroplast: Site of Photosynthesis• The chloroplasts in the
palisade & spongy cells consist of 2 membrane layers surrounding a space called the stroma.
• Within the space are the grana, made of thylakoid membranes that contain the chlorophylls and other pigments.
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Photosynthesis: The overall reaction
6CO2 + 12H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
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•Step 1: The light-dependent reaction
•Requires light
•Light energy captured by chlorophyll is used to split water into H2 and O.
•Occurs in thylakoid membranes.
•Produces oxygen, O2.
Photosynthesis occurs in two steps:
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Photosynthesis occurs in two steps:• Step 2: the light-
independent reactions
• Do not need light, but do need some of the products of the light-dependent reactions.
• Uses CO2 (carbon fixation) to produce glucose in the Calvin cycle
• Occurs in the stroma.• Glucose is stored as
starch in leaves.
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• The rate of photosynthesis is affected by:– Light intensity
• More light
increased photosynthesis
– Temperature• Too high or low
decreased photosynthesis
– Amount of water available– Amount of minerals available
• A shortage of either water or minerals will slow or stop photosynthesis
Light intensity
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Temperature
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Bellringer
• Without using your notes, write the equation for photosynthesis (either the formula or in words).
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Respiration and Photosynthesis are reverse reactions
• Respiration occurs in the cytoplasm and in mitochondria.• Converts organic molecules to inorganic
• C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H20
• Releases energy from the chemical bonds in glucose, making ATP (energy)
Vs.
•Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts.•Converts inorganic molecules to organic
•6CO2 + 6H20 C6H12O6 + 6O2
•Stores energy from the sun in chemical bonds of glucose
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