bell work how many characters are there in the chinese language? how many characters are there in...
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Bell Work How many characters are there in the Chinese
language? The Chinese language has over 20,000 characters.
How many of those characters do most Chinese people learn in their life time? The average Chinese only learns about 5,000 of these in
his lifetime. How long is the Great Wall of China?
The Great Wall of China is also known as the "Ten Thousand Li Wall", one Li is equal to 500 meters. The wall is over 1500 miles in length.
What is the total land size of China? total: 9,596,961 sq km - - - 5,964550 sq mi
How many countries are larger than China in sq km? country comparison to the world: 4
What is the total population of China? 1,338,612,968 (July 2009 est.)
Objectives
Students will evaluate the different views the Chinese have of themselves and their country
Evaluate how the geography affects the different cultures and population of China
Compare the geography, culture, and lifestyles of China and the US
China
The Land and People
“Middle Kingdom”
In China
The Middle Kingdom or Central Country
People of the Central Country
In Europe
China
Chinese
What is Central about China?
China - largest country in Asia
4th largest country in world Russia, Canada & US
are larger
China in the heartland of Asia Bordered on 3 sides by
other countries & the Pacific on the other side
Cut off by Himalayan Mountains
Where do people live? East - six of seven Chinese live
Why?
East has Rivers Farmers live near rivers for fertile
soil Large trading cities are along the
great rivers They lead to the Pacific Ocean
Almost impossible to live in the North & West Tall mountains and deserts – Gobi
Desert “empty lands”
China’s Rivers
Hwang Ho (Yellow, Huang He) 2nd longest in China, 6th in the world Very unpredictable
Overflows, causing disastrous floods Since 600 BC over 1,500 floods have been recorded
At some places, the bottom of the river is 10m above surrounding plains
The Chinese even deliberately let the river flood to stop the Japanese
Japanese defeated but also caused a famine which killed 880,000 people
Nicknamed “China’s Sorrow”
China’s Rivers
Yangtze Largest River in China
Kinder river Hardly ever overflows
China’s lifeline to the sea Rich farmlands to the south
Monsoon rains make it ideal for rice
Not reliable Major centers of Chinese
commerce to the north
The People
What keeps people apart from each other? China’s Vastness Mountains & deserts
People go their separate ways Have own customs and habits Call people from other
provinces “men from other lands”
Compare China to the United States
The World
Isolated from the world Geography
keeps it cut off naturally
Pacific Ocean kept the Chinese isolated as well
Result: Inward-looking
people Little interest in
other places Considered
themselves the best or center of the world
Fun Facts Ice cream was invented in China
around 2000BC when the Chinese packed a soft milk and rice mixture in the snow.
The Chinese year is based on the cycles of the moon. This is called a lunar schedule. A complete cycle of the Chinese calendar takes 60 years. The Chinese calendar dates back to 2600 B.C. It is the oldest known calendar.
When a Chinese child loses a baby tooth, it doesn't get tucked under the pillow for the tooth fairy. If the child loses an upper tooth, the child's parents plant the tooth in the ground, so the new tooth will grow in straight and healthy. Parents toss a lost bottom tooth up to the rooftops, so that the new tooth will grow upwards, too.
At one time, Chinese patriots hoped to rid themselves of hated foreign conquerors. To announce the time of an uprising, the patriots hid messages in moon cakes.
Fourth graders are expected to know 2,000 of the over 40,000 written Chinese characters. By the time they leave college, they will know 4,000 or 5,000 characters. Each character is learned by looking at it and memorizing it.
Unlike the 26 letters of our alphabet, words cannot be sounded out letter by letter.
China is sometimes a day ahead of the United States.
Original Leap Frog IQ Test :: SonnyRadio.com
Objectives
• Compare and contrast the Mandate of Heaven and Divine Right.
• Explain the different steps with in the Dynastic Cycle.
China
The Mandate of Heaven&
The Dynastic Cycle
The Mandate of Heaven • Definition:
– Concept for rulers– Heaven blessed the authority of a just ruler– Would take away authority of an unjust ruler
• Used in China– Keep power of the rulers under control– Kick out rulers not doing the right thing for
China
Divine Right vs. Mandate
• Similar– Received power from divine
approval (god)
• Differences– Divine right = unconditional
• Never overthrow– Mandate = conditional
(behavior of the ruler)• Can overthrow unjust rulers• Evidence that the Mandate is over
Origins
• Shang– Had used divine power– Believed the gods gave kings
power
• Zhou Dynasty– Used the mandate to justify the
overthrow of the Shang
– Zhou said the king had misused his power• Floods and famines were proof the
Mandate was taken away
Dynastic Cycle in China
1. Strong dynasty brings peace
has the Mandate of Heaven
2. Dynasty declines and becomes corrupt
Taxes increase, power decreases
3. Disasters occur Floods, famines, revolts,
invasions
Dynastic Cycle in China
4. Old dynasty loses MandateRebellion is justified
5. Dynasty is overthrownThrough rebellion
6. New dynasty gains powerClaims to have mandateRestores power
Questions
• Rulers who have Divine Right get their power from…?
• What is the difference b/w Divine Right and Mandate of Heaven?
• What is a sign that a ruler has lost the Mandate and rebellion may occur?
• What is the difference b/w the Zhou and the Shang Dynasties?
To Do
• Read “The Old China Gives Way to the New”– Complete the notes that go along with
the reading.
Bell Work
What is the difference between Divine Right and Mandate of Heaven?
What was the last dynasty to have Divine Right and which dynasty was the first to use the Mandate of Heaven?
What must occur in order for the Mandate of Heaven to end?
Objectives
Compare and contrast the different Dynastical Regimes and their effects on China
Chinese Dynasties
SHANG1750BC-1200BC
1st Recorded Dynasty
Used divination – foretelling the future- to answer questions
Glazed pottery was made
Wheel came into use
ZHOU1200BC – 300BC
Conquered the Shang part of the Shang kingdom
Economy grew with the use of iron tools and irrigationAgricultural based society
Trade expanded so cities developed Chopsticks came into use Legalist philosophy developed
The act of following lawsSupport the state, king, and the military
QIN221BC – 206BC
Central government with strong emperor replaced independent states
Legalism helped unite China
Outsiders call the area China
Uniform system of writing was established
Only lasted 15 yearsConstruction of the Great
Wall started
HAN206BC – 220AD
Establishment of Confucianism as the official ideology over Legalism Best qualified were given jobs
Roads were built because of increase in trade
“Silk Road” connected China with Rome
Civil war ended the dynasty China went without a central
government for 4 centuries
ConfuciusEverything has its beauty but not everyone sees it.
Forget injuries, never forget kindnesses.
He who will not economize will have to agonize.
I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand.
It does not matter how slowly you go so long as you do not stop.
TANG629 – 907AD
Established state schools Great cultural
achievements – Golden Age
Creative period for artists and poets
Tang armies brought Korea, Tibet, and Central Asia under their control
(Manchu)QING1644 – 1850’s
Manchus ruled ChinaManchus were less than 2% of the
populationQing emperors restricted trade with
Europe and RussiaGrudgingly traded with the west
because population increased so fast
QuestionsWhat was the 1st dynasty?What late, great empire was the Han
dynasty connected to and through what?
State schools were established during which dynasty?
List 1 thing built or invented for each dynasty.List the dynasty and what they
built/invented.
To Do
Study for Test.Test on Wednesday when we return