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Bell Work Day 1Explain the difference between endocrine and

exocrine glands. (page 197 in small books)

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Standard Day 1

24) List the structures of the endocrine system, explain the functions of each, describe the hormones related to each structure, and summarize the positive and negative effects on the body. Debate in a written or oral format the effects of human growth hormone use in athletes.

24.04 Understand the functions and disorders

of the endocrine system

Objectives Day 1

Identify the structures of the endocrine system by labeling a diagram

Explain the function of the hormones produced by each endocrine gland through the creation of an Glandular High School yearbook.

34.04 Understand the functions and disorders

of the endocrine system

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4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system

*Gland (endocrine/exocrine)

any organ that produces a secretion (hormone/chemical)

Endocrine glands -organized groups of tissues that use materials from the blood and lymph to make new compounds called hormones

-also called ductless glands; the hormones are secreted directly into the blood stream

4.03 Remember the structures of the

endocrine system4

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Exocrine glands

Another type of gland in which secretions must go through a duct.

-the duct carries the secretion to a body surface or organ

-exocrine glands include sweat, salivary, lacrimal, and pancreas

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Function of the Endocrine System

Human behavior is shaped by the endocrinesystem and the nervous system working together.

*Hormone release provides immediate body responses because the hormones are directed toward target organ cells.

74.04 Understand the functions and disorders

of the endocrine system

Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Hormone Control

(negative feedback)

Occurs when there is a drop in the level of a hormone.

The drop triggers a chain reaction of responses to increase the amount of hormone in the blood.

THE PLACENTA IS A

SPECIALIZED

ENDOCRINE GLAND

OCCURING ONLY

DURING

PREGNANCY.

Major glands of the endocrine system

1. Hypothalamus

2. Pituitary

3. Pineal

4. Thymus

5. Adrenals

6. Pancreas

7. Thyroid

8. Parathyroid

9. Gonads: Testes and 10. Ovaries

Hypothalamushttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9dS7bc_2bUE (6 MIN)

Communicates with the anterior pituitaryby way of blood capillaries.

Communicates with the posterior pituitaryby was of nerve cells.

Produces “releasing” hormones that instruct the anterior pituitary to produce hormones that will stimulate other endocrine glands.

Produces two hormones that are stored in the posterior pituitary that stimulate other specific body organs.

4.03 Remember the structures of the

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Hypothalamus

part of the nervous

system and endocrine

system

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The *Pituitary Gland

Known as : The Master Gland because of it’s major

influence on the body’s activities

Size of a grape

*Located at the base of the brain4.03 Remember the structures of the

endocrine system

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The Pituitary Gland

The pituitary gland and its hormones

*Anterior lobe –produces 7 hormones

*Posterior lobe – storesand releases 2 hormones—produced by the hypothalamus

4.03 Remember the structures of the

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Anterior Pituitary Lobe

1. *Growth hormone (GH)

responsible for growth and development

* also helps fat to be used as energy, saving glucose and helping to maintain blood sugar levels.

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Anterior Pituitary Lobe

2. *Prolactin Hormone

develops breast tissue and stimulates the production of milk after childbirth

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Anterior Pituitary Lobe

3. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Stimulates the growth and secretion of the thyroid gland

4. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Stimulates the growth and secretion of the adrenal cortex

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Anterior Pituitary Lobe

5. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Stimulates the growth of the Graafian follicle and the production of estrogen in females, and stimulates the production of sperm in the male.

6. Luteinizing hormone

Stimulates the growth of the Graafian follicle and the production of estrogen and the formation of the corpus luteum after ovulation, which produces progesterone in the female. In the male, it is necessary for the production of testosterone.

Anterior Pituitary Lobe

7. Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)

Target Organ:

Melanocytes (melanin cells) in the skin

Melanin controls skin pigmentation (color) as well as protects the epidermis from the harmful sun’s rays

4.03 Remember the structures of the

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184.04 Understand the functions and disorders

of the endocrine system

*Posterior Pituitary Lobe(stores for the Hypthalamus)

1.Vasopressin – Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)

Maintains water balance by reducing urinary output

2.*Oxytocin

Promotes milk ejection and causes contraction of the smooth muscles of the uterus

*a synthetic derivative of this hormone (oxytocin) could be given to induce labor

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Pineal Gland• Located in the 3rd ventricle in the brain

• Small pinecone shaped organ

• Produces the hormone melatonin.

• There are no clear answers as to the function of melatonin; however, melatonin causes body temperature to drop.

Falling asleep is associated with lowered body temperature.

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*Thymus Gland

-Serves both the endocrine systemand the lymphatic system

-*Located under (posterior) the sternum

-Large during childhood but disappears with age. (puberty)

-Secretes hormone, thymosin, which helps to stimulate the lymphoid cells that are responsible for the production of T cells, which fight certain diseases

*The thymus is critical to the development of the immune system

4.03 Remember the structures of

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*Adrenal GlandThere are two adrenal glands.

-*One is located on top of each kidney.

- *Each gland has two parts:

1. *Cortex – outside (stimulated by ACTH) –hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex are known as corticoids which are very effective as anti-inflammatory drugs.

The cortex secretes 3 groups of corticoids:

*Mineralocorticoids-aldosterone (reabsorption)

*Glucocorticoids-increase glucose in the blood

*Androgens (male sex hormones)4.03 Remember the structures

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Adrenal Gland

2. *Medulla – inside – secretes epinephrine (adrenalin), a powerful cardiac stimulant, and norepinephrine.

*The adrenal medulla responds to the sympatheticnervous system. The hormones produced are referred to as the “fight-or-flight” hormones, because they prepare the body for an emergency. The adrenalin (EPINEPHRINE) causes the heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure to increase, and mental alertness increases.

Crash Course Video

Watch the video and follow along with guided notes. Make sure to start on the side marked Endocrine System Part 1. (10 minutes)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eWHH9je2zG4

4.03 Remember the structures of the

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Individual Project

You will create a Glandular High School Yearbook.

Use the worksheet as a guide.

Be creative, use construction paper, draw or color or cut out pictures.

You must have an actual picture/drawing of each organ (EXCEPT THE GONADS).

You must have other visual representations.

You must address at least FOUR of the prompts from the worksheet for each organ.

4.03 Remember the structures of the

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Exit Ticket/Bell Work Day 2

1. Which endocrine gland is the “master gland”?

2. Which endocrine gland plays a major role in the immune system?

3. Which hormone is associated with “flight or fight”?

4. What does the anti-diuretic hormone do?

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Standards Day 2

24) List the structures of the endocrine system, explain the functions of each, describe the hormones related to each structure, and summarize the positive and negative effects on the body. Debate in a written or oral format the effects of human growth hormone use in athletes.

4.03 Remember the structures of the

endocrine system

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Objectives Day 2

Identify the structures of the endocrine system by labeling a diagram

Explain the function of the hormones produced by each endocrine gland through the creation of an Glandular High School yearbook.

Summarize the positive and negative feedback example of the thyroid.

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*Pancreas*Located behind the stomach;

also a digestive organ

Both an endocrine and exocrine gland

The endocrine portion is involved in the production of insulin (regulates blood glucose)

*Contains the Islets of Langerhans-specialized B cells in the pancreas that produce insulin

*Lack of insulin secretion by the islet cells causes diabetes mellitus.

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*Thyroid Gland- Butterfly shaped

- -Located in the anterior neck on either side of the larynx, over the trachea

- *Secretes thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin

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Thyroid Gland

Thyroxine – controls the rate of cellular metabolism, heat production, and oxidation of all cells.

Calcitonin – Maintains proper calcium level in the bloodstream

Crash Course Part 2-Cascades…Thyroid example

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCV_m91mN-Q

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Parathyroid Glands

-Four glands; Size of a grain of rice

-Attached to the posterior thyroid

-Secretes the hormone parathormone which, like calcitonin, also controls the concentration of calcium in the bloodstream.

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GonadsSex glands

Testes (male) – responsible for

producing sperm and the hormone testosterone.

- Produced by the interstitual cells of the testes, *testosterone is responsible for the development of the male reproductive organs and secondary male characteristics. (beard and body hair, deepening of the voice, increase in musculature, and the production of sperm.)

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GonadsSex glands:

Ovaries (female) – responsible for producing the ova or egg and the hormones estrogen and progesterone.

*Estrogen – stimulates the development of the reproductive organs, including the breast, and secondary sex characteristics such as pubic and axillary hair, prepares for menstruation.

Progesterone – works with estrogen to build up the lining of the uterus for the fertilized egg

4.03 Remember the structures of the

endocrine system

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Individual Project

You will create a Glandular High School Yearbook.

Use the worksheet as a guide.

Be creative, use construction paper, draw or color or cut out pictures.

You must have an actual picture/drawing of each organ (EXCEPT THE GONADS).

You must have other visual representations.

You must address at least FOUR of the prompts from the worksheet for each organ.

4.03 Remember the structures of the

endocrine system

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EXIT TICKET

1. Which endocrine gland is also an accessory organ to the digestive system?

2. Which endocrine gland is shaped like a butterfly?

3. The parathyroid glands are located on the (anterior or posterior) portion of the thyroid gland.

4. What is the role of progesterone?

5. The pituitary produces all the hormones it releases? True OR False

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Bell Work Day 3

Name all of the endocrine glands we have discussed so far without looking at previous notes or diagrams.

Which endocrine gland would you be willing to live without and why?

4.03 Remember the structures of the

endocrine system

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Standard

24) List the structures of the endocrine system, explain the functions of each, describe the hormones related to each structure, and summarize the positive and negative effects on the body. Debate in a written or oral format the effects of human growth hormone use in athletes.

4.03 Remember the structures of the

endocrine system

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Ojectives

Explain the structure and function of the specialized endocrine and reproductive organ: the placenta.

Debate the effects of the human growth hormone used in athletes in a writing activity.

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Baby and Placenta

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How much would you guess the

placenta weighs?

a. 1 pound

b. 1 and ½ pounds

c. 2 pounds

Where is the placenta located?

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Cross-Section of the Placenta

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The function of the placenta during pregnancy.

Connection between mother and baby: transports wastes away from the baby and also nutrients to the baby. But it is also a special endocrine organ.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), estrogens, and progesterone help maintain a normal pregnancy and prepare a woman's breasts for milk production and breastfeeding.

In a normal pregnancy, hCG stimulates the ovary to produce estrogens and progestins and helps stimulate normal development of the fetal genitals. The estrogens in the placenta stimulate breast development, promote normal labor, and help produce a steady rise in prolactin. The progestins stimulate breast development and help reduce uterine muscle contractions until the baby has fully developed. Human placental lactogen increases the amount of blood glucose and lipids (fatty substances) circulating in the mother's blood to ensure there is a food source for the developing baby.

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Placenta Previa

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Examining the Placentahttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uiZEmjfBeog

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Weird Fact!!!

In some cultures the placenta is saved after delivery and then EATEN!!

According to some cultures it provides health benefits.

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ActivityRead the following three articles and summarize

the possible effects of the human growth hormone in 3 quality paragraphs. After summarizing, state your opinion on weather or not it should be used by athletes or those that are aging. Why?

https://www.livestrong.com/article/24577-effects-hgh-athletes/

https://www.livescience.com/32601-does-human-growth-hormone-really-help-athletes.html

https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/growth-hormone-athletic-performance-and-aging

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Finished?

Finish your Glandular High School Yearbook

If you have also completed the yearbook project, beginning working on the following slide…

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Extended Learning!!!

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