Bell Work: 12/5/14 • Using the Human Body Quest Bell Work packet,

complete the questions for digestive and urinary systems.

• Use the page numbers provided.

You are being timed! You only get 10 minutes to complete

bell work!

Objectives

• Can I explain the basic functions of a major organ system? (SPI0707.1.3)

40. Digestive and Urinary Systems (one page)

Digestive System (pg. 260-266)

• The digestive system is a group of organs that work together to digest food so that is can be used by the body.

• The digestive system is a series of tubelike organs called the digestive tract.

• The Digestive Tract Organs:– Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small

intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus

• The liver, gall bladder, pancreas, and salivary glands are also part of this system, but food does not pass through them.

Digestive System (pg. 260-266)

Two types of digestion:1. The breaking,

crushing, and mashing of food is called mechanical digestion.

2. In chemical digestion, large molecules are broken down into nutrients.

Digestive System (pg. 260-266)Steps of the Digestion:1. Mouth

• Teeth- chewing (mechanical digestion)• Saliva- contains an enzyme that begins chemical digestion of

carbohydrates; changes complex carbohydrates (starches) into simple sugars (glucose).

2. Esophagus- sends food to stomach3. Stomach- breaks down food into a liquid (chyme) by the action of muscle

contraction (mechanical), enzymes, and acids (chemical).4. Pancreas- lies behind the stomach and makes digestive enzymes and

hormones that regulate sugar levels.5. Small Intestine- the organ between the stomach and large intestine where

most of the break down of food happens (chemical) and most of the nutrients from food are absorbed by villi.

6. Liver-• Makes bile to break up fat.• Stores nutrients.• Breaks down toxins.

7. Gall bladder- stores bile produced by the liver8. Large intestine- removes water from mostly digested food and turns waste

into semisolid feces (poop).9. Rectum- stores feces until it leaves the anus.

• BrainPop Digestive

Urinary System (pg. 268-271)• The urinary system contains organs that

remove waste products from your blood.

• Urinary System Organs:– Kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra

• Kidneys are a pair of organs that filter water, and wastes from the blood and that excrete products as urine.

• Nephrons are microscopic filters in the kidney that remove wastes from the blood.

• BrainPop Urinary

Drawings

• For each body system, draw and color at least one organ that belongs in that body system.

• For example:– Digestive System = digestive tract– Urinary System = kidneys, ureter, urinary

bladder, urethra

• Use your textbook pictures or the sample sheet in the folder at your group.

Human Body Books

Interesting FactsDigestive System:• Teeth are an organ.• Teeth are not made of bone.

Enamel and dentin that make up teeth are similar to bone in appearance and calcium content, but they are not bone. Bone contains blood vessels, but enamel and dentin do not.

• The small intestine is 6 m long!• Gases are also what can make

farts smell bad. Tiny amounts of hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane combine with hydrogen sulfide and ammonia in the large intestine to give gas its smell.

Urinary System:• As the water content of the

blood drops, the salivary glands produce less saliva. This is one of the reasons you feel thirsty.

• Some beverages contain caffeine, which is a diuretic Diuretics cause the kidneys to make more urine, which decreases the amount of water in the blood.

• Damage to nephrons can prevent normal kidney functioning and can lead to kidney disease. If a person's kidneys do not function properly, a kidney machine can be used to filter waste from the blood.