Bell Ringer for Monday, May 10 ON A SLIP OF PAPER:

• What are 3 things you could have done better on the last test?

• What are 2 things you are going to do in preparation for the End of Course?

• What is one area we have covered you still have questions about?

Progressive Era1880-1920

Progressive Era

Protecting Social

Welfare

Fostering Efficiency

Creating Economic FreedomPromoting

Moral Improvement

4 Goals of the Progressive Movement

Rise of Big Business Inventions &

Natural Resources:• Telegraph/telephone• Thomas Edison• Elevators• Typewriter• Cars—Model T &

Ford• Coal & Iron Ore

Business Giants:• Robber Barons—

wealthy entrepreneurs

• Vanderbilt: Railroad• John D. Rockefeller:

Standard Oil; vertical integration (owned steps of the process)

• Carnegie: US Steel Philanthropist Gospel of Wealth

Social Darwinism & Gilded Age Herbert Spencer:

dev idea of “social Darwinism:• “survival of the

fittest”• Explained why those

who are rich & poor Laissez-faire

Mark Twain:• Coined the phrase

“Gilded Age” A layer of prosperity

was covering the poverty & corruption that existed in much of society

Government Regulates Interstate

Commerce Act: regulate RR rates

Sherman Antitrust Act: ensure competition by making monopolies illegal

Banks Internal

transportation Tariffs

Populism Farming still key in

S & W.• Agricultural

mechanization Grange: farmers

banding together to protect interests & to stand up against RR

Populist Movement• Election Reform• Income tax• Direct Election of

Senators• Use of Silver• Labor Unions

PROBLEM: too many ideas and lack of true leadership

1964: Henry Littlefield’s “Thesis”?

Election of 1896 Republicans:

McKinley Democrats:

William Jennings Bryan

Gold Standard Imperialism Both pol parties

were adopting Populists ideas

Social Gospel and Settlement Houses• Jane Addams & Hull House

YMCA & Salvation Army Muckrakers: writers who exposed the

abuse in government & society• Upton Sinclair & The Jungle

Protecting Social Welfare (Social Reform)

Moral Improvements (Social Reform)

Temperance Movement• Abolish alcohol• Led to Prohibition & passing of 18th

Amendment• WHY: breakdown of families; health issues;

violence & crime; domestic abuse Hard for immigrants to follow

Urbanization “New Immigrants”: Southern and

Eastern Europe• Ellis Island• “Melting Pot” and Cultural Pluralism

Nativism: anti-immigrants• Religious differences• Political views different• Laws: Chinese Exclusion Act

Child Labor & other Labor Reform Congress began

passing legislation prohibiting articles produced by children

Banned child labor and set maximum hours

Muller v Oregon (1908): limited # of hours women could work

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire: NYC, fire broke out in sweatshop

Draw of the Cities Entertainment: dance halls,

spectator sports, movies, theater Saloons and city parks

Suburbs Tenement buildings

Political Machines: • Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall

TR vs. Taft

TR TaftTime in Office

Accomplishments

Misc.