Bell Ringer #15

• Black codes• Destroyed• Uncle Tom’s Cabin• Redistributing land• sharecropping• Jobs, family• Education• Copperhead • Plenty of money, opportunities

further south• 10% take oath• Rebuilt• Robert E. Lee

• Radical Republicans• 13• 14• 15• Ulysses S. Grant• The Liberator• Freedmen’s Bureau • Democrats• Voting rights for free slaves• Tenant farmer• Scalawag• Stonewall Jackson• Martial law

ReconstructionReconstruction

Reconstruction begins to End

• North becomes weary of Reconstruction• Republicans split over Grant scandals:

-Credit Mobilier— construction company skims off large profits from a gov’t RR contract

-Whiskey Ring— tax collectors accept bribes from whiskey distillers to avoid paying taxes resulted in the gov’t losing millions

• Panic of 1873: many borrowed and couldn’t pay off debts, triggered 5 year depression

Compromise of 1877• 1876 election:

Rutherford B Hayes (R) and Samuel Tilden (D)

• Tilden wins popular, but no electoral winner

• 20 Southern votes disputed— commission set up and gives votes to Hayes, under a compromise

• Southern states threaten secession again, so a deal is made: Compromise of 1877

Compromise of 1877

1. Withdraw federal troops2. Help finance improvements for the South3. Appoint Conservative Southerners into

several offices• Compromise effectively ends

RECONSTRUCTION by removing troops• Home rule of South reverses many

advances

New Rules

• Black codes had been made illegal by Civil Rights Act of 1866 Jim Crow laws surface (state laws enforcing segregation)

• KKK— military districts led to the rise of this Confederate loyalist terrorist group

-restore white supremacy

-prevent blacks from exercising political rights (like voting)

-also targeted whites that tried to help blacks

Segregation

• Decline in freedoms

• End of Freedman’s Bureau

• End of voting— whites threaten and use violence to derail African Americans from voting

• States’ rights: segregation

• 14th and 15th amendment ignored

NEW South• Southern economy eventually stronger

• Sharecropping replaces slavery

• More industry— due to blacks migrating into Southern cities

• Better transportation (Comp. of 1877)

• Politically whites are in control

• “Solid South”: ruled by one party (Democrats)

Essential Questions

• Which changes of the Civil War and Reconstruction were short-lived and which had a lasting impact?

• To what extent have the issues yet to be resolved?

The Freedman’s Bureau succeeded in

a. Redistributing formerly white-owned land to newly freed slaves

b. Keeping ex-Confederate supporters out of office

c. Providing clothing, medical care, food, and education to freed people

d. Electing African-Americans to Southern state gov’ts

The main goal of the Ku Klux Klan during Reconstruction was

a. Prevent African-Americans from excercising their rights

b. Gain control of state legislatures

c. Restore the Confederacy

d. Improve conditions for poor whites

Which of the following are the reconstruction amendments?

a. 11, 12, 13

b. 12, 13, 14

c. 13, 14, 15

d. 14, 15, 16

Which statement best describes the long-term effect of the Civil War?

a. The national debt increased

b. The national government was strengthened

c. Sectional differences were eliminated

d. African Americans achieved equality

The Radical Republicans opposed Lincoln’s plan for reconstruction saying it was too

a. Harsh on the South

b. Lenient on the South

c. Generous to the freed slaves

d. Difficult to carry out

Following Reconstruction, the gov’t tried to improve economic conditions in the South by

a. Redistributing formerly white-owned land to newly freed slaves

b. Lowering cotton prices

c. Rebuilding transportation systems and businesses

d. Electing African-Americans to Southern state gov’ts

A major failure of Reconstruction was that

a. The South’s cotton production never recovered

b. War debts remained unpaid

c. Racist attitudes continued in the North and the South

d. No African Americans were ever voted into Congress

Which system successfully replaced slavery?

a. Freedman’s Bureau

b. Sharecropping

c. Tenant Farming

d. Reconstruction

Classwork

1. Graphic Organizer of Reconstruction and Collapse of Reconstruction

2. Complete Reconstruction and Its Effects with Question Handout