Bell Quiz:Bell Quiz: (page 552) (page 552) Read the “Point/Counterpoint” box and Read the “Point/Counterpoint” box and

answer the questions listed below: answer the questions listed below:

1)1) What did isolationists believe about What did isolationists believe about America’s role in the world?America’s role in the world?

2)2) What was the interventionist position What was the interventionist position on America’s world role?on America’s world role?

3)3) In what way did Lindbergh believe In what way did Lindbergh believe democracy would be saved?democracy would be saved?

4)4) Why did FDR think the U.S. was Why did FDR think the U.S. was threatened by what was happening in threatened by what was happening in Europe?Europe?

AnswersAnswers1)1) The U.S. should not “police the world” either The U.S. should not “police the world” either

by supplying other countries with money or by by supplying other countries with money or by fighting wars.fighting wars.

2)2) The U.S. should be actively engaged in fighting The U.S. should be actively engaged in fighting all of the world for peace and the freedom of all of the world for peace and the freedom of others.others.

3)3) Lindbergh believed democracy would not be Lindbergh believed democracy would not be saved by force rather it would be saved by saved by force rather it would be saved by setting an example that other countries would setting an example that other countries would want to follow.want to follow.

4)4) The Nazi’s were conquering Europe at the time The Nazi’s were conquering Europe at the time and eventually the U.S. would be next. Now is and eventually the U.S. would be next. Now is the time to actively defend ourselves. the time to actively defend ourselves.

What do you thinkWhat do you think Add this to your bell quiz: Add this to your bell quiz:

After WW1 many Americans became After WW1 many Americans became isolationists. Do you recommend that isolationists. Do you recommend that the United States practice isolationism the United States practice isolationism today? Why or why not?today? Why or why not?

ObjectivesObjectives

Describe the U.S. response to the Describe the U.S. response to the outbreak of war in Europe in 1939.outbreak of war in Europe in 1939.

Explain how Roosevelt assisted the Explain how Roosevelt assisted the Allies without declaring war.Allies without declaring war.

Summarize the events that brought Summarize the events that brought the United States into armed conflict the United States into armed conflict with Germany.with Germany.

Describe the American response to Describe the American response to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.

Use pages 550-557 to answer the Use pages 550-557 to answer the following questions.following questions.

What was the U.S. response to the outbreak What was the U.S. response to the outbreak of war in Europe?of war in Europe?

What 3 countries formed the Axis Powers in What 3 countries formed the Axis Powers in 1940?1940?

How did Roosevelt assist the Allies without How did Roosevelt assist the Allies without declaring war (4)?declaring war (4)?

What events led the United States into What events led the United States into armed conflict with Germany?armed conflict with Germany?

Why did the Japanese draw the U.S. into Why did the Japanese draw the U.S. into WWII by attacking Pearl Harbor?WWII by attacking Pearl Harbor?

U.S. Moving Away from U.S. Moving Away from NeutralityNeutrality

1939, Franklin Roosevelt convinced congress to revise 1939, Franklin Roosevelt convinced congress to revise the Neutrality Act.the Neutrality Act.

FDR persuaded Congress to pass a “cash-and carry” FDR persuaded Congress to pass a “cash-and carry” provision.provision.• Allowed warring nations to buy arms and weapons Allowed warring nations to buy arms and weapons

from the U.S. as long as they paid cash and from the U.S. as long as they paid cash and transported them in their own ships. transported them in their own ships.

FDR asked Congress to increase spending for national FDR asked Congress to increase spending for national defense.defense.

Congress also passed the Selective Training and Congress also passed the Selective Training and Service Act (Draft).Service Act (Draft).

Congress passed the Lend-Lease Act in March 1941.Congress passed the Lend-Lease Act in March 1941. Under the Lend-Lease Plan the president would lend or Under the Lend-Lease Plan the president would lend or

lease arms and other supplies to “any country whose lease arms and other supplies to “any country whose defense was vital to the United States.”defense was vital to the United States.”

The Axis Powers (1940)The Axis Powers (1940) September 7, 1940, September 7, 1940,

Germany, Italy, and Japan Germany, Italy, and Japan signed the Tripartite Pact as signed the Tripartite Pact as a mutual defense treaty. a mutual defense treaty.

Germany, Italy, and Japan Germany, Italy, and Japan were now the Axis Powers. were now the Axis Powers.

Under the Tripartite Pact Under the Tripartite Pact each Axis nation agreed to each Axis nation agreed to come to the defense of the come to the defense of the others in case of attack. others in case of attack.

The Tripartite Pact’s goal was The Tripartite Pact’s goal was to keep the U.S. out of the to keep the U.S. out of the war.war.

June 1941, Hitler broke the June 1941, Hitler broke the nonaggression pact and nonaggression pact and invaded the Soviet Union. invaded the Soviet Union.

German U-boatsGerman U-boats Hitler deployed German Hitler deployed German

submarines (U-boats) to submarines (U-boats) to attack supply ships.attack supply ships.

Groups of 40 submarines Groups of 40 submarines patrolled areas in the patrolled areas in the North Atlantic and North Atlantic and attacked convoys of attacked convoys of supply ships (wolf pack supply ships (wolf pack attacks). attacks).

Could sink as much as Could sink as much as 350,000 tons of 350,000 tons of shipments in a single shipments in a single month.month.

September 1941, September 1941, Roosevelt granted the Roosevelt granted the navy permission for U.S. navy permission for U.S. warships to attack warships to attack Germany U-boats in self-Germany U-boats in self-defense. defense.

Atlantic CharterAtlantic Charter Roosevelt and Churchill met secretly aboard the Roosevelt and Churchill met secretly aboard the

battleship USS Augusta.battleship USS Augusta. Churchill hoped for a U.S. military commitment, Churchill hoped for a U.S. military commitment,

but instead settled for the but instead settled for the Atlantic Charter–a joint Atlantic Charter–a joint declaration of goals for Post WWII Europe declaration of goals for Post WWII Europe IFIF the the U.S. should enter the war and the allies win U.S. should enter the war and the allies win ANDAND how to maintain world wide peace after WWII.how to maintain world wide peace after WWII.

The Atlantic Charter also established the United The Atlantic Charter also established the United Nations on paper. Nations on paper.

Allies:Allies: the nations that fought the Axis powers. the nations that fought the Axis powers. The Big 3 were the U.S., Great Britain, and the The Big 3 were the U.S., Great Britain, and the Soviet Union.Soviet Union.

The Declaration of the United Nations was signed The Declaration of the United Nations was signed by 26 nations. by 26 nations.

Japan AttacksJapan Attacks Japan was led by Prime Minister Hideki Tojo and Emperor Japan was led by Prime Minister Hideki Tojo and Emperor

Hirohito. Hirohito. Goal was to unite East Asia under Japanese rule.Goal was to unite East Asia under Japanese rule. U.S. protested Japanese aggression by cutting off trade (oil U.S. protested Japanese aggression by cutting off trade (oil

embargo).embargo). December 7, 1941 Japan attacks Pearl Harbor, the largest December 7, 1941 Japan attacks Pearl Harbor, the largest

U.S. naval base in the Pacific.U.S. naval base in the Pacific. In less than 2 hours, the Japanese had killed 2,403 In less than 2 hours, the Japanese had killed 2,403

Americans and wounded 1,178.Americans and wounded 1,178. 21 ships had been sunk or damaged, nearly the whole U.S. 21 ships had been sunk or damaged, nearly the whole U.S.

Pacific fleet. Pacific fleet. 300 airplanes destroyed.300 airplanes destroyed. Congress quickly approved Roosevelt’s request for a Congress quickly approved Roosevelt’s request for a

declaration of war against Japan.declaration of war against Japan. 3 days later, Germany and Italy declared war on the United 3 days later, Germany and Italy declared war on the United

States.States.

VideoVideo

http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/12280-pearl-harbor-the-attack-begins-video.htm