belief and islam [english]

7/29/2019 Belief and Islam [English]

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@inhnit Nhtiojvh Tuolhaithcfs Fc= 0

OJLHJE IFB HQLIG

R@J IFFCRIRJB R_IFQLIRHCF CE

HRHYB-FGI

oyR`j krjit wil, t`j trjisurj ce Illù tills oljsshfks,

supjrhcr gif hf jvjry rjspjat, t`j gistjr ce ufittihfioljnfcwljbkj, t`j lhk`t ce rhk`t, trut` ifb rjlhkhcf

GI[LF BHX IB-BF

N@LHB IL-OIK@BB

R[JFRX QJUJFR@ JBHRHCF

@innit NhtojvhBirjejni Aib. :1 T.N.= 1: 12401

Rjl= 84.?9?.:?1 2::5 :1? :021 Eix= 84.?9?.:?1 1581`ttp=//www.ìnhnitnhtiojvh.acg

j-gihl= hfecDìnhnitnhtiojvh.acgEth`-HQRIFOZL/RZ_NJX

BJAJGOJ_-?499


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FCRJR`j iut`cr ce t`j occn Hthqb-fgi, Giwlf Bhy ib-bf

N`lhb il-Oik`bb il-Zt`gf (o. 998?, I.@./9;;0 hf Qì`rizr hft`j fcrt` ce Oik`bib, b. 9?2?/90?5 hf Bigisaus, qubbhsi shrru`), wisailljb il-Zt`gf ojaiusj `j wis i bjsajfbift ce Zt`gf Bùf-

frihf, t`j t`hrb ailhp` (rib-Illù til if`). [`hlj `j wistjia`hfk `hs orct`jr @ibrit Giwlf Gi`gb Q`ho t`j eigcus@ibt` il-Mhorl, t`j sjacfb ìbt` is`-s`jre hf Il-i`bt` il-iroifoy t`j krjit lhg if-Fiwiw, @ibrit Q`ho rjqujstjb `hs jlbjrorct`jr tc wrhtj i acggjftiry tc tìt ìbt`. Giwlf N`lhb, tcpljisj `hs orct`jrs lhk`tjb `jirt, iaajptjb t`j rjqujst ifb jxplihfjbt`j ìbt` is`-s`jre hf Tjrshif hf i occn, khvhfk ht t`j thtljHthqbfgi. Hts Rurnhs` trifslithcf, @jrnjsj Lzg Clif gf, wistrifslitjb hftc Jfklhs` (t`j prjsjft vjrshcf Ojlhje ifb Hslig), Erjfa`

(Ech jt Hslig) ifb Kjrgif (Kliuoj ufb Hslig) hf 9858, ifb litjr, hftcsjvjril ct`jr lifkuikjs, sua` is Righl, Xcruoi, @iwsi, Giliyiligifb Bifhs`. Giy Illù til oljss t`j hffcajft ycut` wht` rjibhfkt`hs occn ifb ljirfhfk t`j acrrjat hthqb (eiht`) acfvjyjb oy t`julig ce I`l is-Quffi! SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS

Tuolhs`jrs fctj=Ifycfj w`c whs`js tc prhft t`hs occn hf hts crhkhfil ecrg cr tc

trifslitj ht hftc ify ct`jr lifkuikj hs kriftjb ojecrjìfb curpjrghsshcf tc bc sc> ifb pjcplj w`c ufbjrtinj t`hs ojfjehahil ejitirj iaarjbhtjb tc t`j ojfjbhathcfs tìt wj hf ibvifaj ceejr tcIllù til hf t`jhr figj ifb ilsc cur ojst whs`js ce krithtubjifb wj tìfn t`jg vjry gua`. @cwjvjr, pjrghsshcf hs suomjat tct`j acfbhthcf tìt t`j pipjr usjb hf prhfthfk oj ce i kccb quilhtyifb tìt t`j bjshkf ce t`j tjxt ifb sjtthfk oj prcpjrly ifb fjitlybcfj wht`cut ghstinjs.

SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS

I [irfhfk= Ghsshcfirhjs irj strhvhfk tc ibvjrthsj A`rhsthifhty>Mjws irj wcrnhfk tc sprjib cut t`j acfacatjb wcrbs ce Mjwhs`rioohs> @innit Nhtojvh (Occnstcrj), hf Hstifoul, hs strukklhfk tcpuolhahzj Hslig> ifb erjjgiscfs irj tryhfk tc iffh`hlitj rjlhkhcfs.I pjrscf wht` whsbcg, nfcwljbkj ifb acfsahjfaj whll ufbjrstifbifb ginj t`j rhk`t cfj ce t`jsj a`chajs ifb whll `jlp tc sprjibtìt ecr silvithcf ce ill ùgifhty. R`jrj hs fc ojttjr wiy ifb gcrjviluiolj t`hfk tc sjrvj ùgifhty tìf bchfk sc.

RXTJQJR IFB T_HFRJB HF RZ_NJX OX=`ls Kizjtjahlhn I..?8 Jnhg Aib. Fc. ?1 Xjfhocsfi-HQRIFOZL/RZ_NJX

Rjl= 84.?9?.2:2 1444

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E C _ J [ C _ B

Illù til ìs gjray upcf ill pjcplj cf t`j jirt`. @jarjitjs usjeul t`hfks ifb sjfbs t`jg tc jvjryocby. @j s`cws t`jwiy tc Jfbljss Olhss. @j kuhbjs tc t`j rhk`t pit` w`cgjvjr @j

whs`js igcfk t`csj w`c ljet t`j truj wiy ifb ecllcwjb t`j wiy tcnuer (hfehbjlhty) ifb `jrjsy is i rjsult ce ojhfk bjajhvjb oy t`jhrcwf fies (ùgif bjshrjs), oib erhjfbs, ìrgeul occns, ifb t`jgjbhi. @j sivjs t`jg ercg jtjrfil ailighty. @j bcjs fct ojstcwt`hs oljsshfk upcf t`csj w`c irj arujl ifb jxajjb t`j lhghts. @jljts t`jg stiy cf t`j wiy ce nuer, w`ha` t`jy lhnj ifb bjshrj. Hft`j fjxt wcrlb, @j whll ecrkhvj w`cgjvjr @j wifts ce t`csj kuhltyOjlhjvjrs w`c irj tc kc tc @jll, ifb @j whll ibght t`jg tcTiribhsj. @j ilcfj arjitjs jvjry lhvhfk arjiturj, njjps jvjryojhfk hf jxhstjfaj jvjry gcgjft ifb prctjats ill ikihfst ejir ifb`crrcr. Rrusthfk cursjlvjs tc t`j `cfcuriolj figj ce Illùtil, tìt hs, jxpjathfk `jlp ercg @hg wj ojkhf tc wrhtj t`hsoccn.

Giy ìgb^9W oj tc Illù til. Tjiaj ifb oljsshfks oj upcf@hs ojlcvjb Trcp`jt Guìggib (ilih`h s-silg). Giy illiusphahcus priyjrs oj cf `hs I`l il-Oiht ifb cf jia` ce `hs must ifbbjvctjb Acgpifhcfs (is-Qiòit il-nhrg).

R`cusifbs ce prjahcus occns ìvj ojjf wrhttjf cf t`j tjfjtsce t`j Hsligha eiht` ifb hts acggifbs ifb prc`hohthcfs, ifb gifyce t`jg ìvj ojjf trifslitjb hftc ecrjhkf lifkuikjs ifbbhstrhoutjb tc jvjry acuftry. Cf t`j ct`jr ìfb, hll-whlljb ifbs`crt-shk`tjb pjcplj ìvj acfthfucusly ittianjb t`j usjeul,ocuftheul ifb lhk`tscgj ruljs ce Hslig ifb ìvj strhvjf tc oljghsìfb aìfkj ht ifb tc bjajhvj Guslhgs.

Ht hs sthll sjjf wht` krithtubj tìt hf ilgcst jvjry acuftry

sa`clirs ce Hslig irj strhvhfk tc bhssjghfitj ifb bjejfb t`hs pit`.Zfsuhtiolj spjja`js ifb irthaljs, `cwjvjr, irj sthll ojhfkwhtfjssjb, w`ha` irj alihgjb tc ìvj ojjf tinjf ercg out cut ceghsufbjrstifbhfk ce t`j Yurf il-nirg ifb t`j ìbt` is`-s`jre oy i ejw pjcplj w`c ìvj fct rjib cr ufbjrstccb t`j occnsoy t`j ulig ce I`l is-Quffi. Xjt t`jsj spjja`js ifb irthaljs irjhfjeejathvj ikihfst t`j ehrg gf ce Guslhg orct`jrs ifb ìvj fchfelujfaj, out hfbhaitj t`j hkfcrifaj ce t`jhr ikjfts.

I pjrscf w`c alihgs tc oj i Guslhg ifb w`c ìs ojjf sjjf

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^9W Trihsj ifb krithtubj.


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pjrecrghfk silt hf migi gust oj rjkirbjb is Guslhg. He, litjrcf, hf `hs spjja`, wrhthfk cr ojìvhcur scgjt`hfk hs sjjfbhsikrjjhfk wht` t`j nfcwljbkj ce gf is acfvjyjb oy t`julig ce I`l is-Quffi, `j whll oj tclb tìt t`hs hs bhsojlhje cr`jrjsy. @j whll oj tclb tc ajisj ercg ht ifb rjpjft. He, wht` `hs

s`crt ghfb ifb acirsj rjiscfhfk, `j ifswjrs tìt `j whll fct, htwhll oj ufbjrstccb tìt `j hs i `jrjtha cr bhsojlhjvjr. Jvjf he `jacfthfujs pjrecrghfk silt, pjrecrgs ìmm ifb bcjs ill nhfbs cewcrs`hp ifb kccb bjjbs, `j whll fct jsaipj t`hs bhsistjr ufljss `jkhvjs up t`j t`hfks cr iats w`ha` aiusjs nuer ifb ufljss `jrjpjfts> `j whll fct oj i Guslhg. Oy ljirfhfk wjll t`j t`hfks tìtaiusj bhsojlhje, jia` Guslhg s`culb prctjat `hgsjle ercgojacghfk i bhsojlhjvjr ifb s`culb nfcw wjll t`j bhsojlhjvjrs ifbt`csj lhirs w`c prjtjfb tc oj Guslhgs ifb njjp iwiy ercg t`jhr

ìrg._islulli` (sill-Illù til ilih`h wi sillig) sihb hf i

ìbt`-h-s`jre tìt wrcfk, eilsj gjifhfks wculb oj jxtriatjb ercgt`j Yurf il-njrg ifb ìbt`, ifb tùs sjvjfty-twc `jrjthailkrcups wculb ippjir. R`hs ìbt` s`jre hs jxplihfjb hf t`j occnsOjrqi ifb Il-ìbqi, w`ha` bjrhvjb ht ercg t`j Qi`ìhf ce il-Oun`r ifb Guslhg. [j s`culb fct oj tinjf hf oy t`j occns ifbljaturjs ce t`j gjf ce t`jsj krcups w`c acgj ecrwirb ufbjr sua`

figjs is krjit sa`clir ce Hslig cr prcejsscr ce rjlhkhcf, ifb wjs`culb oj vjry iljrt fct tc eill hftc t`j trips ce t`jsj t`hjvjs ceeiht` ifb ojlhje. Ojshbjs t`csj hfshbhcus jfjghjs, acggufhsts ifberjjgiscfs, ifb ilsc A`rhsthif ghsshcfirhjs ifb Mjwhs` zhcfhsts trytc bjahjvj t`j Guslhg ycut` t`rcuk` gibj-up ifb bjajhteulirthaljs, gcthcf phaturjs, t`jitrj, ifb ribhc cr tjljvhshcforcibaists. R`jy spjfb ghllhcfs ecr t`hs purpcsj. R`j ulig ceHslig (ri`hgiùgulli`) ìvj khvjf fjajssiry rjspcfsjs tc ill ce

t`jg ifb ìvj s`cwf Illù tils rjlhkhcf ifb t`j wiy tcìpphfjss ifb silvithcf.Ercg igcfk t`jg, wj ìvj a`csjf t`j occn Hthqb-fgi oy

Giwlf Bhy ib-bf N`lhb il-Oik`bb il-Zt`gf (qubbhsishrru`), w`c wis i bhsthfkuhs`jb sa`clir ce Hslig. Hthqb-fgiwis ecrgjrly trifslitjb hftc Rurnhs` oy t`j litj @mh Eihzull`Jeejfbh ce Njgi`, Jrzhfaif, wht` t`j thtlj Eirhb il-eiwhb ifbwis prhftjb hf Jkypt hf 919? I.@. R`hs trifslithcf hs shgplhehjb

ufbjr t`j thtlj Ojlhje ifb Hslig. Cur cwf jxplifithcfs irj khvjfhf olcanjb orianjts. [j tìfn Illù til ecr vcua`siehfk t`jlct ce puolhs`hfk t`hs occn ecr t`j 95t` thgj hf Jfklhs`. R`jcrhkhfil ce t`hs occn, Hthqb-fgi, hs hf Tjrshif ifb jxhsts hf t`j

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Hstifoul Zfhvjrshty Lhoriry (ofl Jghf Gi`gub Njgil Bjpt.E. ?518).

Ht hs wrhttjf it t`j jfb ce t`j suomjat iocut bhsojlhjvjrsgirrhikj hf Burr il-gun`tr, He i Guslhg khrl wht` fhn`(girrhikj acftriat is prjsarhojb oy Hslig)^9W bcjs fct nfcw Hslig

w`jf s`j rjia`js puojrty, `jr fhn` ojacgjs vchb ^s`j ojacgjsi rjfjkibjW. R`j ittrhoutjs ce Illù til gust oj tclb tc `jr,ifb s`j gust rjpjit t`jg ifb siy, H ojlhjvj t`jsj. Hfjxplihfhfk t`hs, Hof ohbf (ri`hgi`-ullù til) sihb, He t`jkhrl hs lhttlj, s`j ojlcfks hf `jr pirjfts eiht`> s`j hs i Guslhg.[`jf s`j rjia`js puojrty, s`j bcjs fct ojlcfk tc `jr pirjftseiht` ify lcfkjr. [`jf s`j rjia`js puojrty, ojaiusj ce `jrufiwirjfjss ce Hslig, s`j ojacgjs i rjfjkibj. Zfljss s`j ljirfsifb ojlhjvjs t`j shx tjfjts ce Hslig ifb ojlhjvjs tìt ht hsfjajssiry tc lhvj up tc Hslig, s`j whll fct acfthfuj tc oj i Guslhgjvjf he s`j uttjrs t`j Nilhgit it-tiw`b, tìt hs, siys, L hlìhllilli` Guìggibuf _islulli`. Q`j ìs tc ojlhjvj t`j shxtjfjts jxprjssjb hf giftu oh-ll`h ..., ifb s`j ìs tc siy, Hiaajpt t`j acggifbs ifb prc`hohthcfs ce Illù til. R`hsjxplifithcf ce Hof ohbf s`cws tìt i bhsojlhjvjr ojacgjsGuslhg is sccf is `j siys t`j Nilhgit it-tiw`b ifb ojlhjvjs htsgjifhfk. Out, lhnj ify ct`jr Guslhg, w`jf `j ìs t`j aìfaj `j

ìs tc gjgcrhzj t`j ecllcwhfk wcrbs ifb ljirf t`jhr gjifhfkprjahsjly= giftu ohll`h wi Gilhnith`h wi Nutuoh`h wi_uslh`h wil-yiwg-hl-n`hrh wi ohl-qibirh nìhrh`h wi sìrrh`hghfill`h til wilotù oib-il-giwt ìqquf is`-ìbu if lhlì hllill` wi is`-ìbu iffi Guìggibif iobuù wi_isluù. Ilsc, he i Guslhg ocy bcjs fct ljirf t`jsj shx tjfjtsifb siy tìt `j ojlhjvjs t`jg, `j ojacgjs i rjfjkibj w`jf `jrjia`js puojrty. R`hs wcrn, Ojlhje ifb Hslig, acftihfs bjtihljbhfecrgithcf cf t`jsj shx tjfjts. Jvjry Guslhg s`culb rjib t`hsoccn wjll ifb bc `hs ojst tc kjt `hs a`hlbrjf ifb ill `hsiaquihftifajs tc rjib ht.

Hf t`j tjxt, t`j gjifhfk ce yit-h nirhgis irj khvjf is gil,w`ha` gjifs gjifhfk is rjpcrtjb oy t`j sa`clirs ce tiesr> ecr,t`j gjifhfks ce yit-h nirhgis wjrj ufbjrstccb cfly oy_islulli` (sill-Illù ilih`h wi sillig), w`c, hf `hs turf tiuk`tt`jsj gjifhfks tc `hs Qiòi. R`j sa`clirs ce tiesr (sahjfaj cehftjrprjtithcf ce t`j Yurf il-njrg) bheejrjfthitjb t`jsj ìbt`s

ercg t`csj gibj up oy gufehqs, gul`hbs ifb zhfbqs, ifb, ecr

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^9W Tljisj sjj aìptjr 9? hf t`j ehet` eisahalj ce Jfbljss Olhss.


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t`csj ìbt`-h-s`jrhes t`jy aculb fct ehfb, t`jy t`jgsjlvjs kivjgjifhfks tc t`csj yits oy ecllcwhfk t`j (ruljs ifb prhfahpljs cet`j) nfcwljbkj ce tiesr. [ìt hs ufbjrstccb oy t`csj pjcplj w`cirj ufljirfjb hf t`j Hsligha sahjfajs, w`c spjin Irioha out ìvjfc nfcwljbkj ce tiesr, hs fct ailljb t`j tiesr (hftjrprjtithcf) cet`j Yurf. Rìt hs w`y i ìbt` sìre siys,

Cfj w`c khvjsgjifhfks tc t`j Yurf il-njrg iaacrbhfk tc `hs cwfufbjrstifbhfk ojacgjs i bhsojlhjvjr. I klcssiry ce Irioha ifbct`jr fcf-Jfklhs` tjrgs ecrjhkf tc t`j Jfklhs` rjibjr hs ippjfbjb.

Giy Illù til ìvj us ill njjp tc t`j rhk`t pit` s`cwf oyt`j sa`clirs ce I`l is-Quffi! Giy `j prctjat us ercg ojlhjvhfk hft`j eilsj, bjajhteul, hfshbhcus lhjs ce t`j jfjghjs ce Hslig ifb ce t`jfcf-gib`ìo pjcplj ushfk t`j figj krjit sa`clir ce Hslig!

Glb @hmr Qìgs @hmr Nigir ?449 9104 92??

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H F R _ C B Z A R H C FÊcr i ojitheha ifb ojiutheul ojkhffhfk, Giwlf N`lhb

Oik`bb (qubbhsi shrru`) acggjfajs `hs occn oy qucthfk t`j9;t` ljttjr ce t`j t`hrb vclugj ce t`j occn Gintot oy il-Hggir-_ioof I`gib il-Eruq is-Q`hr`hfb^9W (ri`gitull`h

iljy`. Hgg-h _ioof qubbhsi shrru` stitjs is ecllcws hf tìtljttjr)W.

H ojkhf gy ljttjr wht` t`j Oisgili. Hfehfhtj klcry ifb tìfns ojtc Illù til w`c ojstcwjb upcf us ill nhfbs ce eivcurs ifb`cfcurjb us oy ginhfk us Guslhgs ifb vilujb us oy ginhfk ust`j Zggi ce _islulli` Guìggib (sill-Illù til ilih`h wisillig), w`ha` hs t`j `hk`jst oljsshfk.

[j s`culb gjbhtitj ifb rjilhzj tìt Illù til ilcfj oljssjs

jvjry eivcur upcf jvjryocby. @j ilcfj arjitjs jvjryt`hfk. @jilcfj hs t`j Cfj w`c njjps jvjry ojhfk hf jxhstjfaj. Qupjrhcr ifbkccb quilhthjs ce gjf irj ill @hs oljsshfks ifb eivcurs. Cur lhej,rjiscf, nfcwljbkj, strjfkt`, sjfsj ce `jirhfk ifb spjja` irj illercg @hg. @j ilwiys hs t`j Cfj w`c sjfbs hffugjriolj oljsshfksifb eivcurs. @j hs t`j Cfj w`c rjsaujs ùgif ojhfks ercgtrcuolj ifb bhstrjss, w`c iaajpts priyjrs ifb njjps iwiy krhje ifbbhsistjr. Cfly @j arjitjs sustjfifajs ifb aiusjs t`jg tc rjia` us.

@hs oljsshfk hs sc ocuftheul tìt @j bcjs fct aut cee t`j sustjfifajce t`csj w`c acgght shfs. @hs acvjrhfk shfs hs sc krjit tìt @jbcjs fct bhskriaj cr `clb up tc sacrf cr tjir t`j `cfjsty vjhl cet`csj w`c bc fct cojy @hs acggifbs cr iostihf ercg @hsprc`hohcfs. @j hs sc ecrkhvhfk, sc gjraheul tìt @j bcjs fct ùrryhf pufhs`hfk t`csj w`c bjsjrvj pufhs`gjft ifb tcrturj (ibò).@j saittjrs @hs oljsshfks ifb eivcurs upcf oct` t`csj w`cg @jlhnjs ifb @hs jfjghjs. @j bcjs fct spirj ifyt`hfk ercg ifyocby.Ifb is t`j `hk`jst, t`j gcst prjahcus ce @hs ojfjeiathcfs, @jpchfts cut t`j rhk`t pit` tc ìpphfjss ifb silvithcf. @j wirfs usfct tc kc istriy, sc tìt wj kc tc Tiribhsj. Ifb @j crbjrs us tcibipt cursjlvjs tc @hs ojlcvjb Trcp`jt (sill-Illù til ilih`hwi sillig) hf crbjr tìt wj giy ittihf ill t`j hfehfhtj oljsshfks,jfbljss ifb hfjxìustholj pljisurjs hf Tiribhsj, ifb @hs cwfipprcvil ifb lcvj. Rùs, Illù tils oljsshfks irj is covhcus ist`j suf. R`j eivcurs w`ha` acgj ercg ct`jrs, hf eiat, acgj ercg@hg. @j, ikihf, hs t`j Cfj w`c ginjs ct`jrs hftjrgjbhirhjs

ifb khvjs whs`, pcwjr ifb strjfkt` tc bc eivcurs. Ecr t`hs rjiscf,

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^9W Hgg-h _ioof pissjb iwiy hf 9412 ^95?2 I.B.W.


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@j hs ilwiys t`j Cfj w`c sjfbs ill t`j oljsshfks tìt acgjt`rcuk` ill pliajs ifb ill pjcplj. Rc jxpjat eivcurs ercg ifyocbyout @hg hs lhnj isnhfk ecr scgjt`hfk ercg t`j austcbhif cr isnhfkecr ilgs ercg t`j pccr. R`j hkfcrift is wjll is t`j jbuaitjb, ifbolcan`jibs is wjll is t`j hftjllhkjft ifb t`j njjf nfcw tìt wìt

wj siy `jrj hs rhk`t ifb tc t`j pchft, ecr, jvjryt`hfk sihb hs covhcuseiats. Ht hs fct fjajssiry jvjf tc t`hfn t`jg cvjr.@j w`c bcjs eivcurs hs tc oj tìfnjb ifb rjspjatjb.

R`jrjecrj, ht hs i ùgif buty ecr jvjry gif tc tìfn Illù til,w`c ìs ojstcwjb t`jsj eivcurs. Ht hs i bjot, i buty w`ha` whsbcgacggifbs. Out ht hs fct jisy tc airry cut t`hs tìfnskhvhfk buj tc@hg, ecr gjf, ìvhfk ojjf crhkhfilly arjitjb cut ce fct`hfk, irjwjin, hfbhkjft, eiulty ifb bjejathvj. Is ecr Illù til, @jilwiys ifb jtjrfilly jxhsts. @j hs quhtj rjgctj ercg bjejathvjfjss.Jvjry nhfb ce supjrhcrhty ojlcfks tc @hg cfly. Gjf ìvj oy fcgjifs ify shghlirhty cr prcxhghty tc Illù til. Aif gjf, w`cirj sc hfejrhcr, tìfn sua` i `hk` ojhfk is Illù til hf igiffjr wcrt`y ce @hs Bhkfhty3 R`jrj irj sc gify t`hfks tìt gjfacfshbjr ojiutheul ifb prjahcus, out @j nfcws tìt t`jy irj jvhlifb bhslhnjs t`jg. R`hfks w`ha` wj acfshbjr tc oj rjvjrjfaj crtìfns giy oj acggcf t`hfks fct lhnjb it ill. Ecr t`hs rjiscf,gjf, wht` t`jhr cwf bjejathvj ghfbs ifb s`crt shk`ts, aiffct

bhsajrf t`j t`hfks tìt jxprjss tìfns ifb vjfjrithcf tc Illùtil. Zfljss t`j wiys ce tìfnhfk ifb rjspjathfk Illù tilirj s`cwf oy @hg, iats tìt irj acfshbjrjb is prihshfk giy ojslifbjr.

Qc, t`j krithtubj tc oj s`cwf ifb t`j ùgif buthjs tc oj bcfjecr Illù til wht` t`j `jirt, tcfkuj ifb ocby wjrj bjehfjb oyIllù til ifb acggufhaitjb oy @hs ojlcvjb Trcp`jt (sill-Illù til ilih`h wi sillig)! R`j ùgif buthjs w`ha` Illù

til s`cwjb ifb crbjrjb irj ailljb Hslig. Cfj tìfns @hg oyecllcwhfk t`j wiy @hs Trcp`jt tiuk`t. Illù til bcjs fctiaajpt cr lhnj ify tìfns, ify wcrs`hp hfacgpitholj wht` crcutshbj t`hs wiy, ojaiusj t`jrj irj gify t`hfks w`ha` gjfacfshbjr ojiutheul out w`ha` Hslig bhsipprcvjs ce ifb rjkirbs isukly.

@jfaj, hf tìfnhfk Illù til, pjcplj w`c ìvj rjiscfs`culb ibipt t`jgsjlvjs tc @ibrit Guìggib (ilih`h s-silg).

@hs pit` hs ailljb Hslig. R`j pjrscf ecllcwhfk Guìggib(ilih`h s-silg) hs ailljb i Guslhg. Rìfnhfk Illù til, tìths, ecllcwhfk Guìggib (ilih`h s-silg), hs ailljb hobi(wcrs`hp). Rjia`hfks ce Hslig irj ce twc pirts= rjlhkhcus ifb

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sahjftheha. R`j ecrgjr ìs twc orifa`js= 9) Rjia`hfks tìt gust ojojlhjvjb t`rcuk` t`j `jirt ifb irj ailljb t`j tjia`hfks ce usl ib-bf cr gf> ?) Rjia`hfks ce hobt tìt irj tc oj bcfj t`rcuk`t`j ocby cr t`j `jirt ifb irj ailljb t`j tjia`hfks ce eur ib-bf,i`ng il-Hslghyyi cr t`j Qìri.

^R`j rjlhkhcus tjia`hfks rjvjiljb oy Hslig irj t`j tjia`hfkstìt irj wrhttjf hf t`j occns ce t`j sa`clirs ce I`l is-Quffi. Ipjrscf ojacgjs i nehr (bhsojlhjvjr) he `j bcjs fct ojlhjvj, igcfkt`j tjia`hfks ce gf ifb t`j Qìri tìt ìvj ojjf rjpcrtjb oyt`j sa`clirs ce I`l is-Quffi, jvjf cfj ce t`j fissjs (yits crìbt`s) wht` jxplhaht gjifhfk. He `j njjps `hs bhsojlhje sjarjt, `jhs ailljb i gufehq. He fct cfly `j njjps ht sjarjt out ilsc `j trhjstc bjajhvj Guslhgs oy pisshfk `hgsjle cee is i Guslhg, `j hs ailljbi zhfbq. He `j ginjs tiwl ce t`j fissjs wht` j>plhaht gjifhfkwht`cut nfcwhfk, tìt hs, khvjs wrcfk gjifhfk tc t`jg ifbojlhjvjs wrcfkly, `j ikihf ojacgjs i bhsojlhjvjr ifb hs ailljb igul`hb. He `j ojlhjvjs wrcfkly oy ginhfk tiwl ce t`j fissjs wht`hfjxplhaht gjifhfk, `j bcjs fct ojacgj i bhsojlhjvjr out, ojaiusj`j ìs bjpirtjb ercg t`j rhk`t pit` ce t`j I`l is-Quffi, whll kc tc@jll. Qhfaj `j ojlhjvjs hf t`j fissjs wht` jxplhaht gjifhfk, `j whllfct rjgihf hf @jll jtjrfilly out whll oj tinjf hftc Tiribhsj. Qua`pjcplj irj ailljb i`l il-ohbi cr `jrjthail krcups. R`jrj irj

sjvjfty-twc `jrjthail krcups. Fcfj ce t`jhr hobt hs iaajptiolj.Guslhgs w`csj eiht` hs acrrjat irj ailljb I`l is-Quffit wi l-Migi cr Quffs. Hf rjlithcf tc hobt, t`j Quffs ojlcfk tc ecurbheejrjft gib`ìos. R`csj w`c ecllcw cfj ce t`jsj gib`ìosianfcwljbkj tìt t`j ecllcwjrs ce t`j ct`jr t`rjj ilsc ojlcfk tcI`l is-Quffi, ifb t`jy lcvj cfj ifct`jr. I pjrscf w`c bcjs fctecllcw ify ce t`jsj gib`ìos bcjs fct ojlcfk tc I`l is-Quffi.Eurt`jr, @j w`c bcjs fct ojlcfk tc I`l is-Quffi hs jht`jr ibhsojlhjvjr cr i gif ce ohbi.^9W

He i pjrscf w`c airrhjs cut `hs hobt iaacrbhfk tc cfj ce t`jecur gib`ìos acgghts shfs, cr he `j ginjs ify ghstinjs hf `hshobt, Illù til whll ecrkhvj `hg ifb whll fjvjr put `hg hftc@jll, he @j whs`js. @j whll tcrturj `hg is gua` is `hs shfs, he @j

8

^9W Hf t`j ljttjrs ce Hgg- _ioof, jspjahilly hf t j ?05t ljttjr ce t`jehrst vclugj ifb hf it-Ri`tws acggjftiry tc Burr il-gun`tr (hf

sjathcf ]ioyh`) ifb Giwlf @igb-Ill` ib-Bmws Il-Oishrlh-gufnr-ht-tiwissulh oh i`l il-giqohr. Oct` occns irj hf Irioha.R`j littjr wis wrhttjf ifb prhftjb hf Hfbhi ifb wis rjprcbuajb hfHstifoul hf 918: (98;:).


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whs`js, out litjr `j whll oj rjljisjb ercg tcrturj. R`csj w`c bcfct ojlhjvj jvjf cfj ce t`j aljir eiats tìt gust oj ojlhjvjb hfHslig, tìt hs, tìt irj `jirb jvjf oy hkfcrigusjs, irj ailljb nehrs(bhsojlhjvjrs) ifb whll oj suomjatjb tc jtjrfil tcrturj hf @jll.R`jrj irj twc typjs ce nehrs= R`j nehr wht` i `cly occn, ifb t`jnehr wht`cut i `cly occn. He i Guslhg ioifbcfs `hs rjlhkhcf, `j hsailljb i gurtibb (rjfjkibj, ipcstitj). Hof ohbf(ri`hgiùllù til) wrctj hf t`j suomjat cf pjcplj fct tc ojgirrhjb buj tc pclyt`jhsg= _jfjkibjs, gul`hbs, zhfbqs,ehrjwcrs`hppjrs, t`csj gjgojrs ce cfj ce t`j sjvjfty-twc krcupsw`c irj is jxajsshvj is tc ojacgj bhsojlhjvjrs, pjcplj ailljbÔri`ghfs, Oubb`hsts,W Othfs, Hoìts ifb Burzs (Bruzjs),hbclitjrs, t`j ifahjft Krjjn p`hlcscp`jrs ifb gufehqs irj illbhsojlhjvjrs wht`cut `cly occns. Acggufhsts ifb t`j erjjgiscfs

ilsc irj bhsojlhjvjrs wht`cut `cly occns. A`rhsthifs ifb Mjws, w`cojlhjvj hf rjvjiljb occns w`ha` wjrj litjr hftjrpclitjb, irjbhsojlhjvjrs wht` occns.

He i bhsojlhjvjr, wht` i `cly occn cr wht`cut cfj, jgoriajsHslig, `j whll jsaipj kchfk tc @jll. @j whll ojacgj i shfljss,hffcajft Guslhg. Out `j ìs tc ojacgj i Quff Guslhg, tìt hs, tcrjib ifb ljirf t`j occn ce cfj ce t`j ulig ce I`l is-Quffi ifbibipt `hs gf, iats ifb wcrbs tc wìt `j tùs ljirfs. Hf t`j wcrlb

ht hs ufbjrstccb ercg i pjrscfs aljir wcrbs ifb iathcfs sihb ifbbcfj wht`cut birri (strcfk fjajsshty cr acgpulshcf) he `j hs iGuslhg cr fct. Ht ojacgjs bjehfhtj it i pjrscfs list orjit` he `jìs kcfj tc t`j fjxt wcrlb wht` gf. He i Guslhg wht` krivj shfsrjpjfts ecr t`jg, `j cr s`j whll surjly oj ecrkhvjf ifb ojacgj ishfljss, purj Guslhg. Ht hs jxplihfjb hf bjtihl hf hlg il-`l occns,ecr jxigplj, t`j occn Jfbljss Olhss, wìt rjpjftifaj hs ifb `cwht whll oj bcfj.W

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GF IFB HQLIGHf t`hs occn, Hthqb-fgi, t`j Trcp`jts (sill-Illù til

ilih`h wi sillig) ìbt`-h-s`jre tjllhfk ce gf ifb Hslig whll ojjxplihfjb. H `cpj tìt, t`rcuk` t`j oljsshfk ce t`hs ìbt`-h-s`jre,t`j eiht` ce Guslhgs whll oj pjrejatjb, ifb t`jrjoy t`jy whll ittihfsilvithcf ifb ìpphfjss. Ifb H `cpj ikihf tìt ht whll aiusj gj,N`lhb, w`csj shfs irj sc gify, tc oj sivjb. Giy Illù til, hfw`cg H ìvj t`j ojiutheul ojlhje tìt @j fjjbs fct`hfk ifb tìt@hs eivcurs ifb oljsshfks irj sc pljftheul, ifb w`c phthjs @hsslivjs gua`, ecrkhvj t`hs pccr N`lhb, w`csj stcan hs sc lhttlj ifb`jirt sc olian, ecr `hs ufsuhtiolj wcrbs, ifb iaajpt `hs bjejathvjhobt. Giy @j prctjat us ikihfst t`j jvhls ce t`j bjajhteul, lyhfksitif îfb ikihfst ojhfk bjajhvjb oy eilsj, jrrcfjcus wcrbs ifb

wrhthfks ce t`j jfjghjs ce HsligW ifb ginj us ìppy! @j hs t`jGcst Gjraheul ce t`j gjraheul ifb t`j Gcst Kjfjrcus ce t`jkjfjrcus.

R`j ulig ce Hslig sihb tìt jvjry bhsarjjt gilj cr ejgiljGuslhg, w`c ìs rjia`jb t`j ikj ce puojrty, cuk`t tc nfcw ifbojlhjvj hf t`j is-Qhet ib`-B`thyyi^9W ifb is-Qhet it`-Rùothyyi^?W ce Illù til acrrjatly. Ht hs t`hs w`ha` hs prhgirhlycolhkitcry (eirb) ecr jvjryocby. Fct tc nfcw hs fct if jxausj out

i shf. N`lhb hof I`gib il-Oik`bb wrhtj t`hs occn fct tc ginji s`cw ce supjrhcrhty ifb nfcwljbkj tc ct`jrs cr tc ojacgjeigcus, out tc ljivj i rjghfbjr, i sjrvhaj oj`hfb. Giy Illùtil `jlp ùgolj N`lhb^1W wht` @hs Tcwjr ifb t`rcuk` @hsTrcp`jts oljssjb scul! ghf.

Jvjryt`hfk ct`jr tìf Illù til hs ailljb t`j gi-shw crlig (t`j arjithcf, t`j ufhvjrsj), w`ha` hs ailljb fiturj fcw.Ill arjiturjs wjrj fcfjxhstjft. Illù til hs t`j Cfj w`c ìs

99

^9W Is-Qhet ib`-B`thyyi ce Illù til irj shx= il-[umb, jxhstjfaj>il-Yhbig, ojhfk wht`cut ojkhffhfk, ifb jtjrfil hf t`j pist> il-Oiq,ojhfk wht`cut jfb, ifb jtjrfil hf t`j euturj> il-[i`bfhyyi, ìvhfkfc pirtfjr cr gita`> il-Gun`lieitu lh-l-ìwbht`, ojhfk bhsshghlir tcjvjry arjiturj hf jvjry rjspjat> il-Yhygu oh fiesh`h, sjle-jxhstjfaj crojhfk uffjjby ce ifyt`hfk ecr @hs jxhstjfaj. Fc arjiturj ìs ify cet`jsj shx ittrhoutjs, fcr ify rjlithcf wht` t`jg. R`jy ojlcfk tcIllù til jxalushvjly. Qcgj ulig sihb tìt il-Gun`lieitu lh l-

ìwbht` ifb il-[i`bfhyyi wjrj t`j sigj ifb tìt is-Qhet ib`-B`thyyi irj ehvj.^?W Qjj pikjs 91 ifb ?:.^1W N`lhb-h Oikbb pissjb iwiy hf Bigisaus hf 9?2; ^90?5 I.B.W.


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arjitjb t`jg ill. R`jy ill irj gugnhf (tìt giy acgj hftcjxhstjfaj cut ce fcfjxhstjfaj) ifb `bht` (tìt aigj hftc ojhfkcut ce fct`hfk)> tìt hs, t`jy giy acgj hftc jxhstjfaj w`hlj t`jyirj fcfjxhstjft, ifb t`jy aigj hftc jxhstjfaj w`hlj t`jy ìb ojjffcfjxhstjft. R`j ìbt`-h-s`jre, Illù til wis jxhstjft,

ifyt`hfk jlsj bhb fct jxhst, s`cws tìt t`hs hs truj.I sjacfb jvhbjfaj s`cwhfk tìt t`j jfthrj ufhvjrsj ifb illarjiturjs irj `bht` hs t`j eiat tìt arjiturjs irj trifsecrghfk ifbaìfkhfk hftc cfj ifct`jr ill t`j thgj> hf eiat, ifyt`hfk qibg(wht`cut i ojkhffhfk) s`culb fjvjr aìfkj. Illù tils B`t(Tjrscf, Jssjfaj) ifb Ittrhoutjs irj qibg ifb fjvjr aìfkj.^9W

R`j aìfkjs hf arjiturjs aiffct oj acghfk ercg t`j jtjrfil pist.R`jy s`culb ìvj i ojkhffhfk ifb acgj hftc jxhstjfaj ercgjljgjfts cr suostifajs, w`ha` gust ìvj ojjf arjitjb cut cefcfjxhstjfaj.

Ifct`jr jvhbjfaj ecr t`j eiat tìt t`j ufhvjrsj hs gugnhf,tìt hs, ht giy acgj hftc ojhfk cut ce fcfjxhstjfaj, hs tìtarjiturjs, is wj sjj, irj `bht`> tìt hs, t`jy acgj hftc jxhstjfajcut ce fct`hfk.

R`jrj irj twc ojhfks= t`j gugnhf ifb t`j [mho.^?W He cfly t`jgugnhf jxhstjb, cr he [mho il-wumb bhb fct jxhst, fct`hfk wculbjxhst.^1W Ecr t`hs rjiscf, t`j gugnhf aculb fct acgj hftc jxhstjfaj

9?

^9W @cwjvjr, hf t`j ufhvjrsj t`j stitj ce suostifajs aìfkjs hf p`yshailjvjfts. Hf a`jghail rjiathcfs, t`j jssjfaj cr struaturj ce suostifajsaìfkjs. [j sjj comjats cr suostifajs ajisj tc jxhst ifb aìfkj hftcct`jr suostifajs. Rcbiy, hf itcgha aìfkjs ifb fualjir rjiathcfs,w`ha` ìvj ojjf bhsacvjrjb rjajftly, t`j gittjr cr jljgjft, tcc,ajisjs jxhsthfk ifb turfs hftc jfjrky.

^?W [umb gjifs jxhstjfaj, ojhfk. R`jrj irj t`rjj nhfbs ce jxhstjfaj.R`j ehrst cfj hs [mho il-wumb, t`j Fjajssiry Jxhstjfaj. @j ilwiys

jxhsts. @j ìs fjvjr ojjf fcfjxhstjft ojecrj, fcr whll @j stcp jxhsthfkhf t`j jvjrlisthfk euturj. Cfly Illù til hs [mho il-wumb. R`jsjacfb cfj hs gugtifh il-wumb, tìt aiffct jxhst. Ht s`culb fjvjrjxhst. Qua` hs sìrn il-Or (pirtfjr tc Illù til). Ifct`jr kcbpirtfjr tc Illù til cr lhnjfjss tc @hg aif fjvjr jxhst. R`j t`hrbcfj hs gugnhf il-wumb, tìt giy cr giy fct jxhst. Qc irj t`jufhvjrsj, ill arjiturjs wht`cut ify jxajpthcf. R`j cppcshtj ce wumbhs ibig (fcf-jxhstjfaj). Ill arjiturjs wjrj hf ibig, wjrjfcfjxhstjft, ojecrj t`jy aigj hftc jxhstjfaj.

^1W Ecr, ht hs i aìfkj, if jvjft, tc acgj hftc jxhstjfaj cut ce

fcfjxhstjfaj, ifb, iaacrbhfk tc cur nfcwljbkj hf p`yshas, hf crbjr ecri aìfkj tc tinj pliaj hf i suostifaj, t`j suostifaj ìs tc oj iatjbupcf oy if jxtjrhcr pcwjr, t`j scuraj ce w`ha` ìs tc prjajbj t`jsuostifaj.


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cr kc cf ojhfk oy htsjle. He scgj pcwjr ìb fct ieejatjb ht, ht wculbìvj ilwiys rjgihfjb hf fcfjxhstjfaj ifb aculb fct ìvj acgjhftc jxhstjfaj. Qhfaj i gugnhf aculb fct arjitj htsjle> ht aculb fct,fiturilly, arjitj ct`jr gugnhfs, jht`jr. Rìt w`ha` ìs arjitjbt`j gugnhf ìs tc oj [mho il-wumb. R`j jxhstjfaj ce t`j lig

s`cws tìt i arjitcr w`c arjitjb ht cut ce fct`hfk jxhsts. Qc, t`jZfhquj Arjitcr ce ill tìt irj gugnhf, t`j arjiturjs, hs t`j cfly[mho il-wumb wht`cut ojhfk `bht` cr gugnhf, out ilwiysjxhstjft ifb qibg (jtjrfil). [mho il-wumb gjifs tìt htsjxhstjfaj hs fct ercg scgjt`hfk jlsj out ercg htsjle, tìt hs, ht hsilwiys sjle-jxhstjft ifb hs fct arjitjb oy scgjcfj jlsj. He t`hs wjrjfct sc, t`jf ht wculb ìvj tc oj i arjiturj (gugnhf ifb `bht`)arjitjb oy scgjcfj jlsj. Ifb t`hs hs acftriry tc wìt hs bjbuajbiocvj. Tjrshif Nùb (usjb is i figj ecr Illi`) gjifs ilwiys

sjle-jxhstjft, jtjrfil.^9W[j sjj tìt t`j alissjs ce ojhfks irj hf if istcufbhfk crbjr,

ifb sahjfaj ehfbs cut fjw liws ce t`hs crbjr jia` yjir. R`j Arjitcrce t`hs crbjr gust oj @iyy (Jvjr-lhvhfk), Ilg (Ill-nfcwhfk),Ybhr (Ilghk`ty), Gurb (Ill-whllhfk), Qig (Ill-`jirhfk), Oisr(Ill-sjjhfk), Gutinillhg (Ill-spjinhfk) ifb N`lhq (Ill-arjithfk)^?W, ecr, bjit`, hkfcrifaj, hfaipiohlhty cr ojhfk bhspcsjbufbjr ct`jrs acgpulshcf, bjiefjss, olhfbfjss ifb bugofjss irj

ill bjejats, hgpjrejathcfs. Ht hs hgpcssholj tìt sua` bjejathvjittrhoutjs oj hf @hg w`c ìs arjitjb t`hs lig cr nhft (illojhfks) hf sua` if crbjr ifb w`c prctjats t`jg ikihfstiffh`hlithcf.^1W Gcrjcvjr, wj sjj t`j iocvj ittrhoutjs ce pjrejathcfilsc hf arjiturjs. @j ìs arjitjb t`jg hf @hs arjiturjs. He t`jsjittrhoutjs bhb fct jxhst hf @hg, `cw aculb @j arjitj t`jg hf @hsarjiturjs, ifb wculb fct @hs arjiturjs oj supjrhcr tc @hg3

[j s`culb ilsc ibb tìt hf @hg w`c ìs arjitjb ill t`jsj

wcrlbs ce ojhfks t`jrj s`culb jxhst ill t`j ittrhoutjs ce pjrejathcfifb supjrhcrhty ifb fcfj ce t`j ittrhoutjs ce bjehahjfay, ecr, cfj

91

^9W R`jrj hs gcrj bjtihljb hfecrgithcf hf t`j aìptjr cf pikj 04.^?W R`jsj irj t`j jhk`t Qhet it`-Rùothyyi ce Illù til.^1W Jvjry ojhfk, ercg itcg tc stirs, ìs ojjf arjitjb wht` scgj

ailaulithcfs ifb liws. R`j rjkulirhty hf t`j nfcwf liws ce p`yshas,a`jghstry, istrcfcgy ifb ohclcky ojwhlbjrs t`j ùgif ghfb. Jvjf

Birwhf ìb tc siy tìt w`jf `j t`cuk`t ce t`j crbjr ifb bjlhaiay hft`j struaturj ce t`j jyj, `j ejlt is he `j wculb kc arizy. Hs ht pcssholjtìt @j w`c ìs arjitjb ill t`j liws, bjlhaitj ailaulithcfs ifbecrgulis tiuk`t is sahjftheha nfcwljbkj oj bjejathvj3


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bjejathvj aiffct oj arjithvj.Ljt ilcfj t`jsj rjiscfiolj jvhbjfajs, yit-h njrgis ifb

ìbt`-h-s`jres jxplihf aljirly tìt Illù til ìs t`j ittrhoutjsce pjrejathcf. R`jrjecrj, ht hs fct pjrghssholj tc bcuot ht. Bcuotaiusjs bhsojlhje. R`j iocvj-khvjf jhk`t ittrhoutjs ce pjrejathcf irj

ailljb is-Qhet it`-Rùothyyi. Illù til ìs ill t`j jhk`tittrhoutjs ce pjrejathcf. R`jrj hs fc bjejat, bhscrbjr cr aìfkj hf@hs Tjrscf, Jssjfaj, Ittrhoutjs cr Bjjbs.

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R@J EZFBIGJFRILQ CE HQLIG[ht` t`j ihb ce ifb t`j strjfkt` khvjf oy Illù til, w`c

njjps ill ligs hf jxhstjfaj ifb khvjs ill t`j eivcurs ifb khets ifbw`c fjvjr sljjps, fcw wj ojkhf tc jxplihf t`j oljssjb siyhfk cecur Trcp`jt (sill-Illù til ilih`h wi sillig).

Cur ojlcvjb supjrhcr @ibrit Zgir hof il-Nìtto (rib-Illù til if`), w`c wis i killift ljibjr ce Guslhgs, cfj cet`j `hk`jst ce t`j Trcp`jts Acgpifhcfs, ifb wis eigcus ecr `hstrutèulfjss, sihb=

Ht wis sua` i biy tìt i ejw ce us, t`j Acgpifhcfs, wjrj hf t`jprjsjfaj ifb sjrvhaj ce _islulli` (sill-Illù til ilih`h wisillig). Rìt biy, tìt `cur wis sc oljssjb, sc prjahcus i biy tìtcfj aculb ìrbly ìvj t`j aìfaj tc lhvj ht cfaj ikihf. Cf tìt biy,

ht ejll tc `hs lct tc oj `cfcurjb wht` ojhfk hf t`j Trcp`jts acgpify,fjir hg, ifb tc sjj hs ojiutheul eiaj, w`ha` wis eccb ecr sphrhts ifbpljisurj ifb acgecrt tc sculs. Rc jgpìshzj t`j viluj, t`j `cfcurce tìt biy, `j sihb, Ht wis sua` i biy... Aculb t`jrj oj ifct`jrthgj is `cfcuriolj ifb prjahcus is t`j cfj it w`ha` ht ejll tc `hs lcttc sjj Miorl (Mhorl, Iraìfkjl Kiorhjl, ilih`h s-silg) hf t`jkuhsj ce i ùgif ojhfk, tc `jir `hs vchaj ifb tc `jir t`j nfcwljbkjgjf fjjbjb is ojiutheully ifb aljirly is pcssholj t`rcuk` t`joljssjb gcut` ce _islulli` (sill-Illù til ilih`h wi sillig)3

Rìt `cur, i gif aigj fjir us lhnj t`j rhshfk ce t`j gccf. @hsalct`js wjrj jxtrjgjly w`htj ifb `hs ìhr wis vjry olian. Qhkfs cetrivjl, sua` is bust cr pjrsphrithcf wjrj fct sjjf cf `hg. Fcfj ceus, t`j Acgpifhcfs ce t`j Trcp`jt (sill-Illù ilih`h wi sillig),rjackfhzjb `hg, tìt hs, `j wis fct cfj ce t`j pjcplj wj ìb sjjfcr nfcwf ojecrj. @j sit bcwf hf t`j Trjsjfaj ce _islulli` (sill-Illù til ilih`h wi sillig). @j pliajb `hs nfjjs fjir t`jTrcp`jts oljssjb nfjjs. R`hs pjrscf, hf t`j kuhsj ce i ùgif

ehkurj, wis t`j ifkjl figjb Miorl. R`cuk` `hs wiy ce shtthfksjjgs tc oj hfacgpitholj wht` giffjrs (bo), ht s`cwjb us i vjryhgpcrtift eiat tìt, hf ljirfhfk rjlhkhcus nfcwljbkj, t`jrj hs fcsua` t`hfk is s`yfjss, fcr bcjs prhbj cr irrckifaj ojacgj igistjr. @ibrit Miorl wiftjb tc s`cw t`j Trcp`jts Acgpifhcfstìt jvjryocby s`culb isn wìt `j wiftjb tc nfcw iocut Hsligerjjly ercg tjia`jrs wht`cut ejjlhfk s`y, ecr t`jrj s`culb fct ojs`yfjss hf ljirfhfk t`j rjlhkhcf cr jgoirrissgjft hf piyhfk,tjia`hfk cr ljirfhfk cfjs bjot tc Illù til.

Rìt fcolj pjrscf put `hs ìfbs cf _islulli`s (sill-Illùtil ilih`h wi sillig) oljssjb nfjjs. @j isnjb _islulli`, C_isl-Ill`! Rjll gj wìt Hslig hs ifb `cw tc oj i Guslhg.

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R`j lhtjril gjifhfk ce Hslig hs tc yhjlb ifb suoght. _islulli`(sill-Illù til ilih`h wi sillig) jxplihfjb tìt t`j wcrb hsligwis t`j figj ce t`j ehvj oisha phllirs hf Hslig, is ecllcws=

9. _islulli` (sill-Illù til ilih`h wi sillig) sihb tìt t`jehrst ce t`j ehvj eufbigjftils ce Hslig wis tc siy t`j nilhgit is`-

sì`bi> tìt hs, cfj s`culb siy, Is`ìbu if l hlì hllill` wiis`ìbu iffi Guìggibif iobù wi rislu`. Hf ct`jrwcrbs, i bhsarjjt pjrscf w`c ìs rjia`jb t`j ikj ce puojrty ifbw`c aif tiln ìs tc siy vcailly, Cf t`j jirt` cr hf t`j sny, t`jrj hsfc cfj out Illù til wcrt`y ce wcrs`hp. R`j rjil ojhfk tc ojwcrs`hppjb hs Illù til ilcfj. @j hs t`j [mho il-wumb. Jvjrynhfb ce supjrhcrhty jxhsts hf @hg. Fc bjejat jxhsts hf @hg. @hs figjhs Illi`, ifb tc ojlhjvj hf t`hs iosclutjly wht` ill `hs `jirt. Ifbilsc cfj s`culb siy ifb ojlhjvj= R`j jxiltjb pjrscf w`c ìb ircsj-phfn snhf, i w`htj-rjbbhs`, orhk`t ifb lcvjly eiaj, olian jyjsifb jyj-orcws> w`c ìb i oljssjb whbj ecrj`jib, wht` i kccbtjgpjr> w`c s`jb fc sìbcw cf t`j krcufb, wis scet-spcnjf ifbwis ailljb Irio ojaiusj `j wis ocrf hf Gjaai ce @is`jghtj-bjsajft, figjb Guìggib hof Iobulli`, hs Illù tils ugifslivj (iob) ifb gjssjfkjr (risl). R`j Trcp`jts gct`jr wis@ibrit ghfi ohft [iìo. @j wis ocrf hf Gjnni ît t`j biwf ceGcfbiy, ?4t` ce Iprhl, :;9W. [`jf `j wis ecrty, hf t`j yjir ailljb

t`j Ohtìt yjir, `j wis hfecrgjb tìt `j wis t`j Trcp`jt. Ietjrt`hs, `j hfvhtjb pjcplj tc Hslig ecr t`hrtjjf yjirs hf Gjaai. R`jf `jjghkritjb tc Gjbhfi cf t`j acggifb ce Illù til. R`jrj `jsprjib Hslig jvjryw`jrj. Rjf yjirs litjr, j pissjb iwiy hf Gjbhficf Gcfbiy 9?, _io il-Iwwil (Muly, 51?).^9W

95

^9W Iaacrbhfk tc `hstcrhifs, t j Trcp`jt jftjrjb t`j aivj it t`j QiwrGcuftihf tcwirbs jvjfhfk cf Rùrsbiy, ?; ce Qieir, 5?? I.A., cf `hs

jghkrithcf ercg il-Ginnit il-Gunirrigi tc il-Gibfit il-Gufiwwiri. @j ljet t`j aivj cf Gcfbiy fhk`t ifb jftjrjb Yuo, iquirtjr fjir Gjbhfi, cf Gcfbiy, 0 ce _ioil-iwwil (?4 ceQjptjgojr, 5??). R`j ojkhffhfk ce t`j @hmr Qìgs ailjfbir ibcptjboy t`j Q`htjs hs shx gcft`s ojecrj t`hs. Rìt hs, t`j Fiwruz ejsthvilce t`j Gjms bhsojlhjvjrs (ehrj wcrs`hppjrs) ojkhfs cf Gira` ?4. R`hsìppy biy ojaigj t`j ojkhffhfk ce Guslhgs @hmr sìgs ailjfbir.Cf Rùrsbiy, biy ifb fhk`t wjrj jquil, ifb `j ljet Yuo ifbjftjrjb Gjbhfi cf Erhbiy. R`j cutsjt ce t`j gcft` ce Guìrrig hft`j sigj yjir (Erhbiy, 95t` ce Mufj) wis iaajptjb is t`j ojkhffhfk ce

@hmr qigir ailjfbir. R`j @hmr sìgs yjir achfahbhfk wht` ify[jstjrf fjw yjirs biy hs 5?? yjirs ljss tìf tìt [jstjrf fjw yjir.Ifb t`j [jstjrf yjir achfahbhfk wht` ify @hmr sìgs yjirs biy hs5?9 gcrj tìf tìt @hmr sìgs fjw yjir.


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?. R`j sjacfb eufbigjftil ce Hslig hs tc pjrecrg t`j rhtuilpriyjr (figz, silt) êhvj thgjs i biy hf iaacrbifaj wht` htsacfbhthcfs ifb eirbsW w`jf t`j thgj ecr priyjr acgjs. Ht hs eirbecr jvjry Guslhg tc pjrecrg silt ehvj thgjs jvjry biy ietjrjia` thgj ce silt stirts ifb tc nfcw tìt `j cr s`j pjrecrgs ht

hf buj thgj. Tjrecrghfk ht ojecrj hts thgj oy ibipthfk wrcfkailjfbirs prjpirjb oy hkfcrigusjs cr fcf-gib`ìohtj pjcpljhs i krivj shf ifb sua` i silt hs fct si``. Qua` ailjfbirs ilscaiusj cfj tc pjrecrg t`j hfhthil suffi silt ce jirly ietjrfccfpriyjr ifb t`j eirb silt ce jvjfhfk priyjr hf i ginr` thgj.R`j rhtuil priyjr ìs tc oj pjrecrgjfb piyhfk ittjfthcf tc htseirbs, wmhos ifb suffis, suoghtthfk t`j `jirt tc Illù tilifb ojecrj t`j buj thgj hs cvjr. Hf t`j Yurf il-njrg t`jrhtuil priyjr hs ailljb silt. Qilt gjifs gifs priyhfk, ifkjlsbchfk hsthkèr, ifb Illù tils ìvhfk acgpisshcf ifbphtyhfk. Hf Hslig, silt gjifs tc bc ajrtihf iathcfs, tc rjahtjajrtihf t`hfks is s`cwf hf hlg il-`l occns. Qilt hs stirtjb wht`t`j wcrbs Illù inoir, ailljb t`j tinor il-hetht`, ifb sihbietjr rihshfk t`j ìfbs up tc t`j jirs thll putthfk t`j ìfbs ufbjrt`j fivjl (ecr gjf). Ht jfbs wht` t`j silg oy turfhfk t`j `jibtc t`j rhk`t ifb ljet s`culbjrs it t`j jfb ce t`j list shtthfkpcsturj.

1. R`j t`hrb eufbigjftil ce Hslig hs tc khvj t`j zint cecfjs prcpjrty. R`j lhtjril gjifhfk ce zint hs purhty, tc prihsj,ifb ojacgj kccb ifb ojiutheul. Hf Hslig, zint gjifs ecr ipjrscf w`c ìs prcpjrty ce zint gcrj tìf `j fjjbs ifb it iajrtihf igcuft ailljb fhso tc sjpiritj i ajrtihf igcuft ce `hsprcpjrty ifb tc khvj ht tc Guslhgs figjb hf t`j Yurf il-njrgwht`cut rjprcia`hfk t`jg. ]int hs khvjf tc sjvjf nhfbs cepjcplj. R`jrj irj ecur typjs ce zint hf ill ce t`j ecur gib`ìos=

t`j zint ce kclb ifb shlvjr, t`j zint ce acggjrahil kccbs, t`jzint ce t`j stcan ifhgils ^s`jjp, kcits ifb aittljW tìt krizj hft`j ehjlbs ecr gcrj tìf ìle i yjir, ifb t`j zint ce ill nhfbs cesuostifajs ce fjajsshty hssuhfk ercg t`j jirt`. R`hs ecurt` typjce zint, ailljb us`r, hs khvjf is sccf is t`j arcp hs ìrvjstjb.R`j ct`jr t`rjj irj khvjf cfj yjir ietjr t`jy rjia` t`j igcuftce fhso.

2. R`j ecurt` eufbigjftil ce Hslig hs tc eist jvjry biy ce t`j

gcft` ce _igibf. Eisthfk hs ailljb siwg. Qiwg gjifs tcprctjat scgjt`hfk ikihfst scgjt`hfk jlsj. Hf Hslig, siwg gjifstc prctjat cfjsjle ikihfst t`rjj t`hfks ^burhfk t`j biysW ce t`jgcft` ce _igibf, is t`jy wjrj acggifbjb oy Illù til=

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jithfk, brhfnhfk ifb sjxuil hftjracursj. R`j gcft` ce _igibfojkhfs upcf sjjhfk t`j fjw gccf hf t`j sny. Ht giy fct ojkhf itt`j thgj ailaulitjb hf ailjfbirs.

:. R`j ehet` eufbigjftil ce Hslig hs ecr t`j iolj pjrscf tcpjrecrg t`j ìmm (phlkrhgikj) cfaj hf `hs lhej. Ecr if iolj pjrscf

w`c ìs gcfjy jfcuk` tc kc tc ifb acgj oian ercg t`j ahty ceGjaai ojshbjs t`j prcpjrty sueehahjft ecr t`j suoshstjfaj ce `hseighly `j ljivjs oj`hfb ufthl `j acgjs oian, ht hs eirb tc pjrecrgtiwe ircufb t`j Nioi ifb tc pjrecrg wiqei cf t`j plihf ceIriet, prcvhbjb tìt t`j wiy whll oj siej ifb t`j ocby `jilt`y,cfaj hf `hs lhejthgj.

R`j pjrscf, upcf `jirhfk t`jsj ifswjrs ercg _islulli`(sill-Illù til ilih`h wi sillig), sihb, C _isl-Illi`! Xcutclb t`j trut`. @ibrit Zgir (ribhy-Illù if`) sihb tìt ce t`jTrcp`jts Acgpifhcfs, t`j cfjs w`c wjrj t`jrj wjrj istcfhs`jbit t`j ojìvhcur ce t`hs pjrscf w`c isnjb i qujsthcf ifbacfehrgjb tìt t`j ifswjr wis acrrjat. Cfj isns wht` i vhjw tcljirf wìt cfj bcjs fct nfcw, out tc siy, Xcu tclb t`j trut`,hfbhaitjs tìt cfj ilrjiby nfcws ht.

R`j `hk`jst ce t`j ehvj eufbigjftils lhstjb iocvj hs tc siy t`jNilhgit is`-sì`bi ifb ojlhjvj hts gjifhfk. R`j fjxt `hk`jst hstc pjrecrg silt. Fjxt tc t`hs hs tc eist. R`jf acgjs t`j

phlkrhgikj. R`j list cfj hs tc khvj zint. Ht hs ufifhgcusly ajrtihftìt nilhgit is`-sì`bi hs t`j `hk`jst. Iocut t`j sjqujfaj cet`j ct`jr ecur, gcst ulig sihb t`j sigj is wj sihb iocvj.Nilhgit is`-sì`bi ojaigj eirb ehrst, hf t`j ojkhffhfk ce Hslig.Qilt ehvj thgjs i biy ojaigj eirb cf t`j Ghrm Fhk`t hf t`jtwjlet` yjir ce Ohtìt, i yjir ifb scgj gcft`s ojecrj t`j@jkhri. Eisthfk burhfk _igibf ojaigj eirb hf t`j gcft` ceQìof, t`j sjacfb yjir ce t`j @jkhri. Khvhfk zint ojaigj

eirb hf t`j gcft` ce _igibf, hf t`j sigj yjir w`jf eisthfkojaigj eirb. Ifb phlkrhgikj ojaigj eirb hf t`j fhft` yjir ce t`j@jkhri.

He i pjrscf bjfhjs, bhsojlhjvjs, rjeusjs, ginjs euf ce cr elcutscfj ce t`jsj ehvj eufbigjftils ce Hslig, `j ojacgjs ibhsojlhjvjr, giy Illi` prctjat us! Qhghlirly, `j w`c bcjs fctiaajpt ify ce t`j t`hfks w`ha` irj ufifhgcusly ifb aljirlybjalirjb is ìll (pjrghttjb) cr ìrg (ecrohbbjf), cr w`c siys

ìll ecr ìrg cr ìrg ecr ìll, ojacgjs i bhsojlhjvjr. He ipjrscf bjfhjs cr bhslhnjs cfj ce t`j hfjvhtioly nfcwf Hslighatjia`hfks, tìt hs, tjia`hfks tìt irj jirb ifb nfcwf jvjf oy t`jacggcf pjcplj lhvhfk hf Guslhg acuftrhjs, `j ojacgjs i

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bhsojlhjvjr.^9W He if crbhfiry pjrscf bcjs fct nfcw t`j tjia`hfkstìt irj fct sc acggcfly sprjib cr hfbhspjfsiolj sc is tc ojnfcwf oy `hg, `j hs fct hf bhsojlhje (nuer) out shfeul (ehsq).

98

^9W Ecr jxigplj, tc jit pcrn, tc ìvj ilac`clha brhfns, tc kigolj> ecr iwcgif cr khrl tc s`cw `jrsjle tc ct`jrs wht` fct`hfk tc acvjr `jr

`jib, ìhrs, irgs ifb ljks ifb> ecr i gif tc s`cw `hgsjle tc ct`jrswht`cut acvjrhfk t`j pirt ojtwjjf t`j nfjjs ifb t`j fivjl, irj illìrg. Rìt hs, Illù til ìs ecrohbbjf t`jsj. R`j ecurgib`ìos, w`ha` jxplihf ce t`j acggifbs ifb prc`hohthcfs ceIllù til, brjw sjpiritjly t`j ocufbiry ce t`j prhvitj ocbysureiaj, w`ha` gif hs ecrohbbjf tc lccn it cr tc bhspliy, bheejrjftlyercg cfj ifct`jr. Ht hs eirb ecr jvjry Guslhg tc acvjr t`csj pirts cet`j ocby is bjsarhojb oy t`j gib`ìo `j ojlcfks tc. Ilsc, ht hs ìrgecr ct`jrs tc lccn it t`csj w`c ìvj fct acvjrjb t`jsj pirts ce t`jhr

ocbhjs. Ht hs wrhttjf hf Nhgy-yh Qibjt tìt ht hs ìrg ecr wcgjf ifbkhrls tc kc cut wht`cut acvjrhfk t`jhr `jibs, ìhr, irgs, ljks, ifb ht hsilsc ìrg tc kc cut wht` t`hf, crfigjftjb, thk`t ifb pjreugjsajftjb brjssjs. R`jhr gct`jrs, eit`jrs, ùsoifbs ifb orct`jrs w`cpjrght t`jg tc kc cut is sua` ifb w`c t`hfn tìt ht hs ipprcprhitj ifbw`c acfbcfj t`jg whll sìrj t`jhr shfs ifb tcrgjfts> tìt hs, t`jy whllourf hf @jll iltckjt`jr. He t`jy rjpjft, t`jy whll oj ecrkhvjf ifb whllfct oj ourfjb. Illù til lhnjs t`csj w`c rjpjft. Hf t`j t`hrb yjirce t`j @jmhri, khrls ifb wcgjf w`c ìb rjia`jb t`j ikj ce puojrty

wjrj crbjrjb fct tc oj sjjf oy fgi`rig gjf, ifb tc acvjrt`jgsjlvjs.Cfj s`culb fct oj bjajhvjb oy t`j eilsj issjrthcfs ce Orhths` sphjsifb ce t`csj hkfcrigusjs w`c ìvj ojjf trippjb oy t`jg w`c siytìt t`jrj wis fc acvjrhfk ojecrj t`j acghfk ce t`j yit ce `hmo ifbw`c siy tìt ehq` sa`clirs ìvj eiorhaitjb t`j acggifb ecr acvjrhfklitjr.He i pjrscf prcejssjs Hslig, `j ìs tc nfcw w`jt`jr scgjt`hfk `jbcjs hs acgpitholj wht` t`j Qìrit. He `j bcjs fct nfcw, t`jf `j ìs

tc ljirf oy isnhfk i sa`clir ce I`l is-suffit cr oy rjibhfk occnswrhttjf oy sa`clirs hf t`hs aitjkcry. He `hs iathcf vhclitjs t`j Qìrit,`j whll fct oj jxjgptjb ercg t`j shf cr `jrjsy aiusjb oy tìt iathcf.@j ìs tc ginj tiwoi bihly hf t`j truj sjfsj. [`jf tiwoi hs gibj,t`j shf cr `jrjsy (aiusjb oy tìt iathcf) whll bjehfhtjly oj ecrkhvjf. He`j bcjs fct ginj tiwoi, `j whll piy ecr ht oct` hf t`j wcrlb ifb hf@jll. R`j nhfbs ce pufhs`gjft (tìt whll oj hfelhatjb cf `hg) irjwrhttjf hf virhcus pirts ce cur occn.Tirts ce t`j ocby tìt gjf ifb wcgjf irj tc acvjr burhfk figz

ifb jlsjw`jrj irj ailljb iwrit pirts. He i pjrscf siys tìt Hsligbcjs fct prjsarhoj i ajrtihf pirt hf t`j figj ce iwrit, `j ojacgjsif ufojlhjvjr. Qcgj pirts ce t`j ocby irj iwrit iaacrbhfk tc t`jhmgi (ufifhghty, acfsjfsus) ce ill ecur Gib`ìos, (ifb t`jsj iwrit


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R@J EZFBIGJFRILQ CE GFR`hs jxiltjb pjrscf isnjb ikihf, C _isl-Illi`! Fcw tjll

gj wìt hs gf. @ivhfk isnjb wìt wis Hslig ifb t`j ifswjrìvhfk ojjf khvjf, @ibrit Miorl (ilih`h s-silg) isnjb curgistjr _islulli` (sill-Illù til ilih`h wi sillig) tc jxplihft`j jssjfaj ifb rjilhty ce gf. Lhtjrilly gf gjifs tc nfcw ipjrscf tc oj pjrejat ifb trutèul ifb tc ìvj eiht` hf `hg. HfHslg, gf gjifs tc ojlhjvj t`j eiat tìt _islulli` (sill-Illù til ilih`h wi sillig) hs Illù tils Trcp`jt> tìt `jhs t`j Fio, t`j Gjssjfkjr a`csjf oy @hg, ifb tc siy t`hs wht`t`j `jirt> ifb tc ojlhjvj hf orhje wìt `j trifsghttjb orhjely ifbtc ojlhjvj hf bjtihl wìt `j trifsghttjb hf bjtihl ercg Illù

?4

pirts viry wht` sjx). He i pjrscf elcuts t`j hgpcrtifaj ce acvjrhfkt`jsj pirts ce `hs (cr `jr) ocby cr ce fct lccnhfk it ct`jrs jxpcsjbiwrit pirts, h.j. he `j (cr s`j) bcjs fct ejjl ify ejir acfajrfhfk t`jtcrgjft (tìt whll oj hfarurrjb oy t`j vhclithcf ce t`hs prc`hohthcf), `j(cr s`j) ojacgjs i bhsojlhjvjr. Hf i gifs ocby, pirts ojtwjjf t`jpjlvhs ifb t`j nfjjs irj fct iwrit hf t`j Gib`ìo ce @ifoil.He i pjrscf siys, H ig i Guslhg, `j ìs tc ljirf Hsligs tjfjts ifbt`j iathcfs tìt irj eirb (colhkitcry) ifb t`csj tìt irj ìrg(ecrohbbjf) wht` t`j acfsjfsus (hmgi) ce t`j ecur Gib`ìos, ifb `j

ìs tc piy buj hgpcrtifaj tc t`hs gittjr. Fct tc nfcw hs fct i vilhbjxausj. Ht hs hbjfthail wht` hftjfthcfil ufojlhje. I wcgifs jfthrjocby, wht` t`j jxajpthcf ce `jr ìfbs ifb eiaj, hs iwrit iaacrbhfk tcill ecur Gib`ìos. Qc hs t`j aisj wht` i wcgifs jxpcshfk `jr iwritpirts, shfkhfk, cr siyhfk (ilcub t`j julcky ailljb) Giwlhb hf t`jprjsjfaj ce gjf. He i pjrscf slhk`thfkly jxpcsjs i pirt ce `hs ocbyw`ha` hs iwrit fct wht` hmgi, h.j. w`ha` hs fct iwrit hf cfj ce t`jct`jr t`rjj Gib`ìos, (t`cuk` ht hs iwrit iaacrbhfk tc `hs cwfGib`ìo ifb twc ce t`j ct`jr t`rjj Gib`ìos,) `j whll ìvj

acgghttjb i krivj shf t`cuk` t`hs vhclithcf whll fct ginj `hg ifufojlhjvjr. If jxigplj ce t`hs hs i gifs jxpcshfk `hs ljks ojtwjjft`j pjlvhs ifb t`j nfjjs, (w`ha` irj, is wj ìvj ilrjiby sihb, fctiwrit hf t`j @ifoil t`cuk` t`jy irj iwrit hf t`j ct`jr t`rjjGib`ìos). Ht hs eirb tc ljirf t`j Hsligha tjfjts tìt ycu bc fct nfcw.Is sccf is ycu ljirf t`jg, ycu gust ginj tiwoi ifb acvjr ycuriwrit pirts.Lyhfk, kcsshp, oianohthfk, slifbjr, t`jet, a`jithfk, trjia`jry, ùrthfkscgjcfjs ejjlhfks, ghsa`hje-ginhfk, ushfk scgjcfjs prcpjrty

wht`cut pjrghsshcf, fct piyhfk i liocrjrs cr pcrtjrs buj, rjojllhcf,tìt hs, cppcshfk t`j liws ifb t`j kcvjrfgjfts crbjrs, ifb fctpiyhfk tixjs irj shfs, tcc. Acgghtthfk t`jg ikihfst bhsojlhjvjrs cr hffcf-Guslhg acuftrhjs hs ilsc ìrg.


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til> ifb tc siy t`j Nilhgit is`-sì`bi w`jfjvjr pcssholj.Qtrcfk gf hs sua` tìt, is wj nfcw ecr ajrtihf tìt ehrj ourfs,sjrpjfts nhll oy pchscfhfk ifb wj ivchb t`jg, wj s`culb bjjgIllù til ifb @hs ittrhoutjs krjit, oj eully ajrtihf ce t`hs oy`jirt, strhvj ecr `hs acfsjft (rhb) ifb ruf tc @hs ojiuty (migl),

ifb ojwirj ce @hs writ` (kìbio) ifb tcrturj (mill). [j s`culbwrhtj t`hs gf cf t`j `jirt ehrgly lhnj if hfsarhpthcf cf girolj.gf ifb Hslig irj t`j sigj. Hf oct`, cfj hs tc ojlhjvj t`j

gjifhfk ce t`j Nilhgit is`-sì`bi. R`cuk` t`jy bheejr hfkjfjril ifb hf pirthaulir, ifb ìvj bheejrjft lhtjril gjifhfks,t`jrj hs fc bheejrjfaj ojtwjjf t`jg hf Hslig.

Hs gf cfj t`hfk, cr hs ht i acgohfithcf ce pirts3 He ht hs iacgohfithcf, `cw gify pirts hs ht gibj ce3 Irj bjjbs cr hobthfalubjb hf gf cr fct3 [`hlj siyhfk, H ìvj gf, hs ht rhk`t tcibb hfs`-Illi` cr fct3 Hs t`jrj lhttljfjss cr gua`fjss hf gf3Hs gf i arjiturj3 Hs ht wht`hf cfjs pcwjr tc ojlhjvj, cr ìvj t`jOjlhjvjrs ojlhjvjb ufbjr acgpulshcf3 He t`jrj hs ecraj cracgpulshcf hf ojlhjvhfk, w`y wis jvjryocby acggifbjb tcojlhjvj3 Ht wculb tinj i lcfk thgj tc jxplihf ill t`jsj cfj oy cfj.R`jrjecrj, H whll fct ifswjr t`jg sjpiritjly `jrj. Out ht s`culb ojnfcwf tùs eir tìt, iaacrbhfk tc t`j Isìr gib`ìo ifb t`jGutizhli, ht hs fct mhz (prcoiolj) ecr Illù til tc acggifb

us tc bc scgjt`hfk tìt hs fct pcssholj. Ifb iaacrbhfk tc t`jGutizhli, ht hs fct mhz ecr Illù til tc acggifb scgjt`hfkw`ha` hs pcssholj out w`ha` hs fct wht`hf gifs pcwjr. Iaacrbhfktc t`j Isìr, ht hs mhz, yjt @j ìs fct acggifbjb ht. Rcacggifb pjcplj tc ely hf t`j ihr hs ce t`hs scrt. Fjht`jr hf gf fcrhf hobt bhb Illù til acggifb @hs arjiturjs tc bc wìtt`jy wculb fct oj iolj tc bc. Ecr t`hs rjiscf, i pjrscf w`c kcjsgib cr ojacgjs kèhl (ecrkjteul, colhvhcus), cr sljjps cr bhjs

w`hlj `j hs Guslhg hs sthll i Guslhg, t`cuk` `j hs fct hf i stitj ceacfehrgithcf.[j s`culb fct t`hfn ce t`j lhtjril gjifhfk ce gf hf t`hs

ìbt`-h-s`jre, ecr, t`jrj wis fct cfj crbhfiry gif hf Iriohiw`c bhb fct nfcw hts lhtjril gjifhfk= acfshbjrhfk trutèul,ojlhje. Ajrtihfly t`j Qiòit il-nhrg (ribhy-Illù tilifùg imgif) nfjw ht, tcc, out Miorl (ilih`h s-silg)wiftjb tc tjia` t`j gjifhfk ce gf tc t`j Qiòit il-nhrg oyisnhfk wìt gf gjift hf Hslig. Ifb _islulli` (sill-Illùtil ilih`h wi sillig) sihb tìt gf wis tc ojlhjvj hf shxajrtihf eiats=

9. Ehrst ce ill, tc ojlhjvj hf Illù til, `j bjalirjb. gf

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hs tc ìvj i `jirtejlt ojlhje hf shx ajrtihf eiats oy ehfbhfk t`rcuk`nisè (rjvjlithcf) cr whmbf (acfsahjfaj) cr oy t`j acgprj`jfshcfce t`j iql (hftjlljat, rjiscf) t`rcuk` if jvhbjfaj cr oy trusthfkifb ecllcwhfk i bhsthfkuhs`jb ifb ipprcvjb stitjgjft, ifb tcacfehrg t`hs wht` t`j tcfkuj.

R`j ehrst ce t`jsj shx eiats hs tìt Illù til hs t`j [mho il-wumb ifb t`j _jil Giob (t`j Cfj [crs`hppjb) ifb t`jArjitcr ce ill arjiturjs. Ht s`culb oj ojlhjvjb ecr ajrtihf tìt @jilcfj arjitjs jvjryt`hfk ^jvjry suostifaj, itcgs, jljgjfts,gcljauljs, acgpcufbs, crkifha suostifajs, ajlls, lhej, bjit`, jvjryjvjft, jvjry rjiathcf, ill nhfbs ce pcwjr ifb scrts ce jfjrky,gcvjgjfts, liws, sphrhts, ifkjls ifb jvjry ojhfk lhvhfk cr lhejljsscut ce fct`hfk, ifb @j ginjs t`jg ill survhvjW hf oct` t`hs wcrlbifb t`j fjxt wht`cut gitjrhil, thgj cr shghlirhty, cut cefcfjxhstjfaj. Is @j arjitjb ill arjiturjs hf t`j ufhvjrsj ^hf cfjgcgjft w`hlj t`jy ìb ojjf fcfjxhstjftW, sc @j ârjitjs scgj cet`jg ercg cfj ifct`jr, ifb, w`jf t`j thgj ecr Bccgsbiy acgjs,hf cfj gcgjft @jW whll iffh`hlitj jvjryt`hfk. @j hs t`j Arjitcr,Cwfjr, Iosclutj _uljr ce ill arjiturjs. Ht ìs tc oj ojlhjvjb ifbianfcwljbkjb tìt t`jrj hs fcocby tc bcghfitj @hg, tc acggifb@hg cr tc oj supjrhcr tc @hg. Jvjry typj ce supjrhcrhty, jvjryittrhoutj ce pjrejathcf, ojlcfks tc @hg cfly. Fc bjejat, fc

bjehahjft ittrhoutj jxhsts hf @hg. @j hs iolj tc bc wìt @j whlls.[ìt `j bcjs hs fct hftjfbjb tc oj usjeul tc @hg cr tc ct`jrs. @jbcjs fct bc scgjt`hfk ecr i rjwirb. Hf jvjryt`hfk @j bcjs,`cwjvjr, t`jrj irj `hbbjf aiusjs (`hngi), usjs, oljsshfks ifbeivcurs.

Illù til bcjs fct ìvj tc bc wìt hs kccb ifb usjeul ecr@hs arjiturjs, fcr bcjs @j ìvj tc rjwirb scgj pjcplj cr tcrturjscgj ct`jrs. Ht wculb ojeht @hs supjrhcrhty ifb ojfjvcljfaj he @j

wculb orhfk ill t`j shffjrs tc Tiribhsj. Ifb ht wculb ojacgj @hsmusthaj he @j wculb put ill ce t`csj w`c cojy ifb wcrs`hp @hghftc @jll. Xjt @j bjarjjb ifb bjalirjb tìt @j wculb putGuslhgs, t`csj w`c wcrs`hp @hg, hftc Tiribhsj ifb krift t`jgeivcurs, ifb tìt @j wculb jtjrfilly tcrturj bhsojlhjvjrs hf @jll.@j bcjs fct kc oian cf @hs wcrb. Ht wculb oj ce fc usj ecr @hghe ill t`j lhvhfk arjiturjs ojlhjvjb ifb wcrs`hppjb @hg, fcr wculbht khvj @hg ify ìrg he ill arjiturjs ojaigj bhsojlhjvjrs, ojaigj

jxajsshvj cr bhscojyjb @hg. He gif whs`js tc bc scgjt`hfk, @jarjitjs ht he @j, tcc, whlls ht oj sc. @j ilcfj hs t`j Cfj w`c arjitjsjvjry iathcf ce @hs ùgif arjiturjs ifb ill t`hfks. He @j bcjs fctwhll cr arjitj, fct`hfk aif gcvj. He @j bcjs fct whs`, fc cfj aif

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ojacgj i bhsojlhjvjr cr aif rjvclt. @j arjitjs bhsojlhje ifb shfs,yjt @j bcjs fct lhnj t`jg. Fc cfj aif hftjrejrj wht` @hs wcrns.Fc cfj ìs t`j strjfkt` cr t`j rhk`t tc isn t`j rjiscf w`y @j ìsbcfj t`hs cr tìt cr tc acggjft cf `cw @j gust bc. @j whllecrkhvj, he @j whlls, i pjrscf w`c ìs acgghttjb ify krjit shf ifb

ìs bhjb wht`cut rjpjftifaj, jxajpt he ht hs pclyt`jhsg cr bhsojlhje.@j whll tcrturj `hg, he @j whlls, ecr i gjrjly vjfhil shf. @j bjalirjbtìt `j wculb fjvjr ecrkhvj bhsojlhjvjrs ifb ipcstitjs ifb tìt @jwculb tcrturj t`jg jtjrfilly.

@j whll tcrturj hf @jll t`csj Guslhgs w`c wcrs`hp @hg yjtw`csj eiht` (hthqb) hs fct acgpitholj wht` t`j eiht` ce t`j I`l is-Quffi ifb w`c bhj wht`cut rjpjftifaj. Xjt sua` Guslhg pjcpljce `jrjsy (ohbi) whll fct rjgihf hf @jll jtjrfilly.

Ht hs pcssholj (mhz) tc sjj Illù til wht` t`j jyjs hf t`hswcrlb, out fc cfj jvjr ìs. Cf t`j Biy ce Mubkjgjft @j whll ojsjjf oy bhsojlhjvjrs ifb shfeul Guslhgs hf @hs [rit` ifb Klcry,ifb oy phcus Guslhgs hf @hs Nhfbfjss ifb Ojiuty. Ifkjls ifbwcgjf, tcc, whll sjj @hg. Bhsojlhjvjrs whll oj bjprhvjb ce t`hs.R`jrj hs i scufb rjpcrt acfvjyhfk tìt kjfhjs ilsc whll ojbjprhvjb ce t`hs. Iaacrbhfk tc t`j gimcrhty ce t`j ulig,Guslhgs w`cg Illù til lcvjs whll oj `cfcurjb wht` sjjhfk

@hs Ojiuty jvjry gcrfhfk ifb jvjry jvjfhfk> Guslhgs ce lcwbjkrjj whll oj `cfcurjb jvjry Erhbiy, ifb wcgjf i ejw thgjs hfi yjir, lhnj ejsthvils hf t`hs wcrlb.^9W Ht s`culb oj ojlhjvjb tìt

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^9W @ibrit Qìhn` Iob il-@iqq ib-Bi`liw ^pissjb iwiy hf Bjl`h hf94:? (952? I.B.)W wrctj hf `hs Tjrshif wcrn Ringl il-gf= Iìbt`-h-s`jre siys, Xcu whll sjj ycur _ioo cf t`j Biy ceMubkjgjft is ycu sjj t`j êullW gccf cf t`j ecurtjjft` ^ce t`jgcft`W. Is Illù til hs nfcwf hfacgprj`jfsholy hf t`hs wcrlb, sc

@j whll oj sjjf hfacgprj`jfsholy hf t`j @jrjietjr. Krjit sa`clirssua` is Ioul-@isif il-Isìr ifb il-Hgg is-Quyt ifb il-Hggil-Oihìn sihb tìt ilsc ifkjls wjrj kchfk tc sjj Illù til hfTiribhsj. Il-Hgg il-izg Iou @ifei ifb scgj ct`jr sa`clirs sihbtìt kjfhjs bhb fct jirf tìwo ifb wculb fct jftjr Tiribhsj ifbtìt cfly eihtèul kjfhjs wculb jsaipj @jll. [cgjf whll sjj Illùtil i ejw thgjs hf i yjir lhnj ejsthvils hf t`hs wcrlb. Tjrejat (nghl)Ojlhjvjrs whll sjj @hg jvjry gcrfhfk ifb jvjfhfk w`hlj ct`jrOjlhjvjrs whll sjj @hg cf Erhbiys. Rc t`hs ùgolj pjrscf gysjle, t`hskccb fjws acvjrs t`j eihtèul wcgjf ifb ifkjls ifb kjfhjs, tcc> ht

wculb oj prcpjr tìt t`j pjrejat ifb rhe wcgjf sua` is Ethgit iz-]i`r, Nìbmit il-Nuor, hsìt is-Qbbqi ifb ct`jr Turj [hvjs^ce t`j Trcp`jtW ifb @ibrit Girhig ifb @ibrit shyi oj khvjfspjahil trjitgjft. Il-Hgg is-Quyt, tcc, gjift t`hs.


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Illù til whll oj sjjf. Xjt wj s`culb fct wcfbjr `cw t`hs whllìppjf> @hs wcrns aiffct oj acgprj`jfbjb t`rcuk` hftjlljat(iql). R`jy irj fct lhnj wcrlbly ieeihrs. ^R`jy aiffct ojgjisurjb wht` p`yshail cr a`jghail arhtjrhi.W Qua` acfajpts isbhrjathcf, ojhfk cppcshtj cr ojhfk tcwirb scgjt`hfk ìvj fc

acffjathcf wht` Illù til. @j hs fct gitjrhil. @j hs fct ifcomjat, ^fcr hs @j if jljgjft, if illcy cr i acgpcufbW. @j hs fctacuftiolj, @j aiffct oj gjisurjb, fcr aif `j oj ailaulitjb. Fcaìfkj tinjs pliaj hf @hg. @j hs fct it i pliaj. @j hs fct wht`thgj. @j bcjs fct ìvj i pist cr i euturj, ercft cr oian, octtcgcr tcp, rhk`t cr ljet. R`jrjecrj, fct`hfk ce @hg aif ùgifrjiscfhfk acgprj`jfb, fcr bcjs ùgif hftjlljat cr nfcwljbkjsueehaj tc bc t`hs. Qc, gif aiffct acgprj`jfb `cw @j whll ojsjjf. R`cuk` sua` wcrbs is ìfb, ecct, bhrjathcf, pliaj ifb t`jlhnj, w`ha` irj fct suhtiolj ecr Illù til, jxhst hf yits ifbìbt`s, t`jy irj fct usjb hf t`j sjfsj tìt wj nfcw ifb usjtcbiy. Qua` yits ifb ìbt`s irj ailljb gutisòh`t. [j ìvjtc ojlhjvj t`jg, out wj s`culb fct ittjgpt tc ufbjrstifb wìt cr`cw t`jy irj. Cr t`jy aif oj jxplihfjb iwiy (tiwl) orhjely cr hfbjtihl> tìt hs, t`jy aif oj khvjf t`j gjifhfks suhtiolj ecr Illùtil. Ecr jxigplj, t`j wcrb ìfb giy oj hftjrprjtjb is pcwjrcr jfjrky.

Guìggib (ilih`h s-silg) siw Illù til burhfk t`jGhrm. Out t`hs sjjhfk wis fct wht` t`j jyjs, lhnj sjjhfk hf t`hswcrlb. I pjrscf w`c siys tìt `j ìs sjjf Illù til hf t`hswcrlb hs i zhfbq. R`j cosjrvithcf ce Iwlhy hs uflhnj sjjhfk hft`hs wcrlb cr sjjhfk hf t`j fjxt wcrlb. Hf ct`jr wcrbs, ht hs fct ruyi(sjjhfk) out sù`b tìt caaurs cf t`jg ^tìt hs, t`jy sjj t`jjxigpljs (ght`ls) t`rcuk` t`j jyjs ce t`jhr `jirtsW. Qcgj Iwlhyisihb tìt t`jy ìb sjjf @hg. @cwjvjr, t`jy ghstccn t`j sù`b

t`jy jxpjrhjfajb w`hlj hf sinr, tìt hs, w`jf t`jy wjrjufacfsahcus, ecr ruyi. Cr t`jsj wcrbs ce t`jhrs irj tc oj jxplihfjbiwiy.

Yujsthcf= Ht hs sihb iocvj tìt ht hs pcssholj (mhz) tc sjjIllù til wht` t`j jyjs hf t`hs wcrlb. R`jf w`y s`culb i pjrscfw`c siys scgjt`hfk ìppjfjb w`ha` hs pcssholj oj i zhfbq3 He ipjrscf w`c siys sc ojacgjs i bhsojlhjvjr, aif ht oj sihb tc ojpcssholj3

Ifswjr= Hf hts lhtjril gjifhfk mhz gjifs pcssholj tcìppjf cr fct. Xjt iaacrbhfk tc t`j gib`ìo ce il-Isìr Ioul-@isif Il hof Hsghl, pissjb iwiy hf Oik`bb hf 114 (829

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I.B.)W, t`j pcsshohlhty ce ruyi gjifs tìt Illù til hs aipioljce arjithfk hf gif quhtj i bheejrjft sjfsj ecr sjjhfk hf t`hs wcrlb,bheejrjft ercg sjjhfk alcsjly cr eiaj tc eiaj wht` @hg, ifbbheejrjft ercg sjjhfk t`rcuk` t`j p`yshail liws @j arjitjb hf t`hswcrlb. Ecr jxigplj, @j hs iolj, sc ht hs pcssholj, tc s`cw i

gcsquhtc hf Ifbilushi tc i olhfb gif hf A`hfi, ifb ifyt`hfk cft`j gccf cr cf i stir tc i gif cf t`j jirt`. Qua` i pcwjr hspjaulhir tc Illù til cfly. Eurt`jrgcrj, tc siy, H siw @hg hft`hs wcrlb, hs hfacgpitholj wht` t`j yit il-njrgi ifb wht` t`jacfsjfsus ce t`j ulig. R`jrjecrj, `j w`c siys sua` i wcrb hs igul`hb cr i zhfbq. R`hrbly, t`j p`risj ht hs pcssholj tc sjj Illùtil hf t`hs wcrlb bcjs fct gjif ht hs pcssholj tc sjj @hg cft`j jirt` wht`hf t`j p`yshail liws. @cwjvjr, i pjrscf w`c siys`j siw Illù til gjifs tìt `j siw @hg is `j sjjs ct`jr

t`hfks> t`hs hs i sjjhfk w`ha` hs fct pcssholj (mhz). I pjrscf w`csiys wcrbs tìt aiusj bhsojlhje hs ailljb i gul`hb cr i zhfbq.^9W

Îetjr t`jsj ifswjrs, @ibrit Giwlf N`lhb stitjb, Ojairjeul! Rùs `j bhrjats ittjfthcf tc t`j scufbfjss ce t`j sjacfbifswjr.W

R`j jlipsj ce thgj, biy cr fhk`t, aiffct oj rjlitjb tc Illùtil. R`jrj aif oj fc aìfkj hf @hg hf ify rjspjat, fcr aif ht ojsihb tìt @j wis hf t`hs giffjr hf t`j pist cr @j whll oj lhnj tìt

hf t`j euturj. @j bcjs fct pjfjtritj (ùll) hftc ifyt`hfk. @j bcjsfct ufhtj wht` ifyt`hfk. @j fjvjr ìs if cppcshtj, rjvjrsj,lhnjfjss, pirtfjr, isshstift cr kuhbj. @j bcjs fct ìvj i eit`jr,gct`jr, scf, biuk`tjr cr whej. @j hs ilwiys prjsjft wht`jvjryocby, surrcufbs ifb cvjrlccns jvjryt`hfk. Rc jvjrycfj @jhs alcsjr tìf t`j ohk irtjry hf `hs fjan. @cwjvjr, @hs surrcufbhfkus, @hs prjsjfaj cr tckjt`jrfjss cr alcsjfjss, hs fct lhnj wìt wjufbjrstifb ercg t`jsj wcrbs. @hs alcsjfjss aiffct oj

acgprj`jfbjb wht` t`j nfcwljbkj ce ulig, wht` t`j hftjlljat cesahjfthsts cr wht` t`j nisè cr sù`b ce Iwlhy. @ugif rjiscfaiffct ufbjrstifb t`jhr hffjr gjifhfks. Illù til hs ufhquj hf@hs Tjrscf ifb hf @hs Ittrhoutjs. Fc aìfkj cr bheejrjfthithcftinjs pliaj hf ify ce t`jg.

Illù tils Figjs irj tiwqe, tìt hs, ht hs pjrghssholj tc usj@hs Figjs s`cwf oy Hslig ifb fct pjrghssholj tc usj ct`jr

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^9W R`j gul`hb cr zhfbq siys tìt `j hs i Guslhg. R`j gul`hb hs shfajrjhf `hs wcrbs> `j ojlhjvjs tìt `j hs i Guslhg ifb hs cf t`j rhk`t pit`.@cwjvjr, t`j zhfbq hs if jfjgy ce Hslig. @j ejhkfs ojhfk i Guslhghf crbjr tc ìrg Hslig ercg wht`hf ifb tc bjajhvj Guslhgs.


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wcrbs.^9W Illù tils Figjs irj hfehfhtj. Ht hs wjll-nfcwf tìt@j ìs cfj t`cusifb ifb cfj Figjs> tìt hs, @j rjvjiljb cfjt`cusifb ifb cfj ce @hs Figjs tc ùgif ojhfks. Hf t`j rjlhkhcfce Guìggib (ilih`h s-silg), fhfjty-fhfj ce t`jg, ailljb il-Isg il-ùsf, wjrj rjvjiljb.

R`j Qhet it`-Rùothyyi ce Illù til^?W

irj jhk`t hf t`jGturbhyyi gib`ìo ifb sjvjf hf t`j Isìrhyyi gib`ìo.R`jsj ittrhoutjs ce @hs irj jtjrfil ifb jvjrlisthfk lhnj @hsTjrscf> tìt hs, t`jy jxhst jtjrfilly. R`jy irj siarjb. R`jy irj fctlhnj t`j ittrhoutjs ce arjiturjs. R`jy aiffct oj acgprj`jfbjbt`rcuk` rjiscfhfk cr issugpthcf cr oy acgpirhfk t`jg wht` t`jt`hfks hf t`j wcrlb. Illù til ìs jfbcwjb upcf ùgifojhfks if jxigplj ce jia` ce @hs Ittrhoutjs. Qjjhfk t`jsj

jxigpljs, t`j Ittrhoutjs ce Illù til aif oj ufbjrstccb tc isgill jxtjft. Qhfaj gif aiffct acgprj`jfb Illù til ht hs fctpjrghssholj tc t`hfn ce cr tc ittjgpt tc acgprj`jfb Illùtil. R`j jhk`t ittrhoutjs ce Illù til irj fjht`jr t`j sigjis fcr ct`jr tìf @hs Tjrscf> tìt hs, @hs Ittrhoutjs bc fct ginjup @hs Tjrscf, fcr irj t`jy ct`jr tìf @j. R`jsj jhk`t ittrhoutjsirj=

@iyt (Lhej), Hlg (Cgfhsahjfaj), Qig (@jirhfk), Oisir

(Qjjhfk), Yubri (Cgfhpctjfaj), Nilg (Qpjja`, [crb), Hrbi([hll) ifb Rinwf (Arjithvjfjss). Hf t`j Isìrhyyi gib`ìo,Rinwf ifb Yubri ginj up t`j sigj ittrhoutj. Gis`hyyi ifbHrbi irj syfcfygcus.

Jia` ce t`j jhk`t ittrhoutjs ce Illù til hs ufhquj ifb hf iufhecrg stitj. Fc aìfkj caaurs hf ify ce t`jg. Out jia` ce t`jgvirhjs hf hts rjlitjb quilhty hf arjiturjs. Rìt if ittrhoutj ce @hsvirhjs hf hts rjlithcf tc arjiturjs ifb hf ieejathfk t`jg bcjs fctìrg hts ufhqujfjss. Qhghlirly, jvjf t`cuk` Illù til ìsarjitjb sc gify nhfbs ce arjiturjs ifb hs prctjathfk ill ce t`jg

?5

^9W Ecr hfstifaj, Illù til giy oj ailljb lhg (t`j Cgfhsahjft),out wj aiffct usj eiq` w`ha` ilsc gjifs lhg (sa`clir, cfjtrihfjb hf Hsligha sahjfajs), ecr Hslig bcjs fct usj eiq` ecr Illùtil. Lhnjwhsj, ht hs fct pjrghssholj tc siy Kcb hfstjib ce Illi`,ojaiusj kcb gjifs hbcl> Cx hs t`j kcb ce @hfbus, hs sihb, ecrjxigplj. Ht hs pjrghssholj tc siy, Illi` hs cfj> t`jrj hs fc kcb out

@j. [crbs lhnj Bhju (Erjfa`) ifb Kctt (Kjrgif) aif oj usjb ecrkcb cr hbcl, out fct ecr Illi`.^?W Qjj t`j ecctfctj cf pikj 99 ecr t`j Qhet ib`-B`thyyi, w`ha` irj

shx.


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ikihfst iffh`hlithcf, @j hs sthll Cfj. Fc aìfkj jvjr caaurs hf @hg.Jvjry arjiturj fjjbs @hg jvjry gcgjft hf jvjry rjspjat. @jbcjs fct fjjb ifyocby hf ify rjspjat.

?. R`j sjacfb ce t`j shx eufbigjftils ce gf hs tc ojlhjvj hf@hs ifkjls. Ifkjls irj gitjrhil out jt`jrjil (lite), gcrj jt`jrjil

tìf t`j kisjcus pìsj ce gittjr. R`jy irj frf (lughfcus,sphrhtuil). R`jy irj ilhvj. R`jy ìvj rjiscf (iql). Jvhls pjaulhir tcùgif ojhfks bc fct jxhst hf ifkjls. R`jy aif tinj ify sìpj. Iskisjs turf hftc lhquhb ifb sclhb ifb tinj ify sìpj w`jf ojacghfksclhb, sc ifkjls aif ecrg ojiutheul sìpjs. Ifkjls irj fct sculstìt ìvj pirtjb ercg t`j ocbhjs ce krjit gjf. A`rhsthifs prjsugjtìt ifkjls irj sua` sphrhts. Zflhnj jfjrky ifb pcwjr, t`jy irj fcthggitjrhil. Qcgj ifahjft p`hlcscp`jrs suppcsjb sc. Ill ce t`jgirj ailljb gilhni. Gilin (ifkjl) gjifs jfvcy, gjssjfkjr crpcwjr. Ifkjls wjrj arjitjb ojecrj ill ct`jr lhvhfk arjiturjs.R`jrjecrj, wj wjrj acggifbjb tc ojlhjvj hf t`jg ojecrjojlhjvhfk hf t`j `cly occns, w`ha` acgj ojecrj t`j ojlhje hfprcp`jts> ifb hf t`j Yurf il-nirg t`j figjs ce t`jsj ojlhjes irjkhvjf hf t`hs suaajsshcf.

Ojlhje hf ifkjls ìs tc oj is ecllcws= ifkjls irj t`j arjiturjs ceIllù til. R`jy irj fct @hs pirtfjrs, fcr irj t`jy @hsbiuk`tjrs is bhsojlhjvjrs ifb pclyt`jhsts suppcsj. Illù til

lcvjs ill ifkjls. R`jy cojy @hs acggifbs ifb fjvjr acgght shfscr bhscojy t`j acggifbs. R`jy irj fjht`jr gilj fcr ejgilj.R`jy bc fct kjt girrhjb. R`jy bc fct ìvj a`hlbrjf. R`jy ìvjlhej> tìt hs, t`jy irj ilhvj. R`cuk`, iaacrbhfk tc i firrithcf triajboian tc @ibrit Iobulli` hof Gisb (ribhy-Illù til if`),scgj ifkjls ìb a`hlbrjf igcfk w`ha` t`j Qitif ifb kjfhjs wjrjacuftjb> hts jxplifithcf hs wrhttjf hf occns hf bjtihl. [`jf Illùtil iffcufajb tìt @j wis kchfk tc arjitj ùgif ojhfks,

ifkjls isnjb, C` Illi`! Irj Xcu kchfk tc arjitj t`csj arjiturjsw`c whll acrrupt t`j wcrlb ifb s`jb olccb3 Qua` qujsthcfs,ailljb bìlli, ercg ifkjls bc fct aìfkj t`j eiat tìt t`jy irjhffcajft.

Ce ill arjiturjs, ifkjls irj t`j gcst pljftheul. Fc cfj outIllù til nfcws t`jhr fugojr. R`jrj hs fc jgpty spiaj hf t`jsnhjs w`jrj ifkjls bc fct wcrs`hp. Jvjry pliaj hf t`j snhjs hscaauphjb oy ifkjls hf run (ocwhfk burhfk silt) cr hf simbi

(prcstrithfk). Hf t`j snhjs, cf t`j jirt`, hf kriss, cf stirs, hf jvjrylhvhfk ifb lhejljss arjiturj, hf jvjry rihf-brcp, plift ljie, itcg,gcljaulj, hf jvjry rjiathcf, gcthcf, hf jvjryt`hfk, ifkjls ìvjbuthjs. R`jy airry cut Illù tils acggifbs jvjryw`jrj.

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R`jy irj hftjrgjbhirhjs ojtwjjf Illù til ifb arjiturjs.Qcgj ce t`jg irj t`j acggifbjrs ce ct`jr ifkjls. Qcgj ce t`jgorcuk`t gjssikjs tc t`j prcp`jts igcfk ùgif ojhfks. Qcgjifkjls orhfk kccb t`cuk`ts, ailljb hl`g (hfsphrithcf), tc t`jùgif `jirt. Qcgj ct`jrs irj ufiwirj ce ill ùgif ojhfks ifb

arjiturjs ifb ìvj lcst acfsahcusfjss upcf ejjlhfk Illù tilsOjiuty. Jia` ce t`jsj ifkjls stiys hf i ajrtihf pliaj ifb aiffctljivj hts pliaj. Qcgj ifkjls ìvj twc whfks ifb scgj ecur crgcrj.^9W Ifkjls ojlcfkhfk hf Tiribhsj stiy hf Tiribhsj. R`jhrsupjrhcr hs _hbwf. Ifkjls ce @jll, ziofs, airry cut hf @jll wìtt`jy irj acggifbjb. R`j ehrj ce @jll bcjs fct ìrg t`jg, is t`jsji hs fct ìrgeul tc ehs`. R`jrj irj fhfjtjjf ljibhfk ziofs.R`jhr a`hje hs Glhn.

Ecr jia` ùgif ojhfk, t`jrj irj ecur ifkjls w`c rjacrb ill t`jkccb ifb oib iathcfs. Rwc ce t`jg acgj it fhk`t ifb t`j ct`jrtwc acgj burhfk t`j biy. R`jy irj ailljb nhrgif nthof crifkjls ce ìeizi. Ht wis ilsc sihb tìt t`j ifkjls ce ìeizi wjrjbheejrjft ercg t`j nhrgif nthof. R`j ifkjl cf cfjs rhk`t shbj hssupjrhcr tc t`j cfj cf t`j ljet ifb rjacrbs t`j kccb bjjbs. R`jcfj cf t`j ljet wrhtjs bcwf t`j jvhl bjjbs. R`jrj irj ifkjls w`cwhll tcrturj bhsojlhjvjrs ifb bhscojbhjft Guslhgs hf t`jhr krivjs,ifb ifkjls w`c whll isn qujsthcfs hf krivjs. R`j qujsthcfhfk

ifkjls irj ailljb gufnir ifb finr. R`csj w`c whll qujsthcfGuslhgs irj ilsc ailljb guois`s`hr ifb ois`r.Ifkjls ìvj supjrhcrhty tc cfj ifct`jr. R`j gcst supjrhcr

ifkjls irj t`j ecur iraìfkjls. R`j ehrst ce t`jg hs Miorl (ilih`hs-silg). @hs buty wis tc orhfk wi` tc prcp`jts, tc hfecrg t`jgce t`j crbjrs ifb prc`hohthcfs. R`j sjacfb cfj hs Hsrel (ilih`h s-silg), w`c whll scufb t`j list trugp ailljb Qr. @j whll scufbt`j Qr twhaj. It t`j ehrst scufb jvjry lhvhfk ojhfk out Illù

til whll bhj. It t`j sjacfb scufb ill whll oj rjsusahtitjb. R`jt`hrb cfj hs Ghnl (ilih`h s-silg). Ht hs `hs buty tc ginj up

?0

^9W Is t`j whfks ce jia` nhfb ce ecwl, cr t csj ce if ijrcplifj, irj cet`jhr cwf struaturj ifb irj bheejrjft ercg t`j whfks ce jia` ct`jrnhfb, sc ifkjls whfks ìvj t`jhr cwf struaturj. [`jf wj `jir t`jfigj ce scgjt`hfk w`ha` wj ìvj fct sjjf cr bc fct nfcw, wjprjsugj tìt ht hs lhnj t`j t`hfks wj nfcw, w`ha` hs, fiturilly, wrcfk.[j ojlhjvj ifkjls ìvj whfks, out wj bc fct nfcw `cw t`jy irj.

Thaturjs ce whfkjb wcgjf hf aùra`js, puolhaithcfs cr gcvhjs, w`haìrj rjkirbjb is ifkjls, irj ill eilsj. Guslhgs bc fct ginj sua`phaturjs. [j s`culb fct rjkirb t`jsj ufrjilhstha phaturjs briwf oyfcf-Guslhgs is truj, ifb wj s`culb fct ojlhjvj cur jfjghjs.


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a`jipfjss, jxpjfshvjfjss, sairahty, ioufbifaj ^jacfcgha crbjr, tcorhfk acgecrt ifb jisjW ifb tc gcvj jvjry comjat. R`j ecurt` cfjhs Izrl (ilih`h s-silg), w`c tinjs t`j sculs ^mf, Tjrshif ecrIrioha r`W ce ùgif ojhfks. Ietjr t`jsj ecur, t`jrj irj ecursupjrhcr alissjs ce ifkjls= ecur ifkjls ce ìgilit il-Irs`, w`c whll

oj jhk`t cf t`j _jsurrjathcf> ifkjls hf Bhvhfj Trjsjfaj, ailljbguqirriof> ljibjrs ce tcrturhfk ifkjls, ailljb nirohyf> ifbifkjls ce Gjray, figjb r`fhyf. Ill t`jsj `hk`jr ifkjls irjilsc `hk`jr tìf ill ùgif ojhfks jxajpt prcp`jts (ilih`hgu s-siliwtu wi t-tislgt). R`j suli` ifb Iwlhy igcfk Guslhgsirj `hk`jr tìf acggcf cr lcwjr ifkjls. Ifb acggcf ifkjls irjsupjrhcr tc acggcf, tìt hs, bhscojbhjft, shfeul Guslhgs.Bhsojlhjvjrs, `cwjvjr, irj lcwjr tìf ill arjiturjs.

It t`j ehrst scufb ce t`j Qr, ill ifkjls jxajpt ìgilit il-Irsìfb t`j ecur iraìfkjls whll oj iffh`hlitjb. R`jf ìgilit il-Irsìfb t`jf t`j ecur iraìfkjls whll oj iffh`hlitjb. It t`j sjacfbscufb ill ifkjls whll acgj oian tc lhej. @igilit il-Irs` ifb t`jecur ifkjls whll rhsj alcsjly ojecrj t`j sjacfb scufb ce t`j Qr.Rìt hs, t`jsj ifkjls whll oj iffh`hlitjb ietjr ill t`j lhvhfkarjiturjs, is t`jy wjrj arjitjb ojecrj ill.

1. R`j t`hrb ce t`j shx eufbigjftils ce gf hs tc ojlhjvj t`jOccns rjvjiljb oy Illù til. @j sjft t`jsj Occns tc scgj

prcp`jts oy ginhfk t`j ifkjl rjib tc t`jg. Rc scgj @j sjftoccns hfsarhojb cf tioljts, ifb tc scgj ct`jrs oy ginhfk t`jg`jir wht`cut t`j ifkjl. Ill t`jsj Occns irj t`j [crb ce Illùtil (Nilg-Ill`). R`jy irj jtjrfil hf t`j pist ifb jvjrlisthfk.R`jy irj fct arjiturjs. R`jy irj fct wcrbs gibj up oy ifkjls, fcrirj t`jy wcrbs ce prcp`jts. R`j [crb ce Illù til hs uflhnjt`j lifkuikj w`ha` wj wrhtj, njjp hf ghfb ifb spjin. Ht hs fct lhnjojhfk hf wrhthfk, spjja` cr ghfb. Ht bcjs fct ìvj ljttjrs cr scufbs.

Gif aiffct ufbjrstifb `cw Illù til ifb `hs Ittrhoutjs irj.Out gjf aif rjib tìt [crb, njjp ht hf ghfb ifb wrhtj ht. Htojacgjs `bht`, i arjiturj, w`jf ht hs wht` us. Rìt hs, t`j [crb ceIllù til ìs twc ispjats. [`jf ht hs wht` ùgif ojhfks, ht hs`bht` ifb i arjiturj. [`jf ht hs t`cuk`t is t`j [crb ce Illùtil, ht hs jtjrfil (qibg).

Ill t`j Occns sjft bcwf oy Illù til irj must ifb rhk`t.R`jrj hs fc lhj cr eiult hf t`jg. R`cuk` @j sihb @j wculb pufhs`

ifb tcrturj, ht wis sihb tìt ht wis pcssholj (mhz) tìt @j wculbecrkhvj> t`hs bjpjfbs cf @hs [hll cr cf acfbhthcfs w`ha` gifaculb fct nfcw, cr ht hs gjift tìt @j whll ecrkhvj t`j pufhs`gjftw`ha` Guslhgs bjsjrvj. Qhfaj t`j wcrbs pufhs`gjft ifb

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tcrturj bc fct firritj if jvjft, ht whll fct oj i lhj he @j ecrkhvjs.Cr, t`cuk` ht hs fct mhz tìt @j whll fct khvj t`j rjwirbs w`ha` @jìs prcghsjb, ht hs mhz tìt @j whll ecrkhvj t`j pufhs`gjfts._jiscf, liws ce ùgif ojhfks ifb yits prcvj us rhk`t.

Ht hs fjajssiry tc hftjrprjt yits ifb ìbt`s hf t`jhr lhtjril

gjifhfks, ufljss t`jrj hs i rhsn cr if hfacfvjfhjfaj. Ht hs fctpjrghssholj tc khvj ct`jr gjifhfks shghlir tc t`jhr lhtjrilgjifhfks.^9W R`j yits ailljb gutisòh`t ìvj ufhftjllhkholj,caault gjifhfks. Cfly Illù til nfcws ifb vjry ejwbhsthfkuhs`jb supjrhcrs w`c ìvj ojjf kriftjb il-hlg il-libuffufbjrstifb t`jhr gjifhfks is eir is t`jy irj illcwjb. Fc cfj jlsjaif ufbjrstifb t`jg. Ecr t`hs rjiscf, wj s`culb ojlhjvj tìt yitsce gutisòh`t irj ce t`j [crb ce Illù til, ifb wj s`culbfct hfvjsthkitj t`jhr gjifhfks. R`j sa`clirs hf t`j Isìrgib`ìo sihb tìt ht wis pjrghssholj tc jxplihf iwiy (tiwl) sua`yits orhjely cr hf bjtihl. Riwl gjifs a`ccshfk, ercg igcfk t`jsjvjril gjifhfks ce i wcrb, t`j cfj w`ha` hs fct acggcf. Ecrjxigplj, iocut t`j yit, R`j @ifb ce Illi` hs supjrhcr tct`jhrs, w`ha` hs t`j [crb ce Illù til, wj s`culb siy, Hojlhjvj wìtjvjr Illù til gjifs oy t`hs. Ht hs t`j ojst tc siy,H aiffct ufbjrstifb hts gjifhfk. Cfly Illù til nfcws. Crwj gust siy, Illù tils nfcwljbkj hs uflhnj cur nfcwljbkj.

@hs [hll hs fct lhnj cur whll. Qhghlirly, Illù tils @ifb hs fctlhnj t`j ìfbs ce @hs ùgif arjiturjs.

Hf t`j Occns w`ha` Illù til rjvjiljb, jht`jr t`jprcfufahithcfs cr t`j gjifhfks ce scgj yits, cr oct`, wjrjaìfkjb (fisn`) oy @hg. R`j Yurf il-njrg rjpliajb ill t`jOccns ifb ioclhs`jb t`j vilhbhty ce t`jhr ruljs. R`jrj whll fjvjr ojify ghstinjs, ibbhthcfs, ecrkcttjf cr ghsshfk pchfts hf Yurf il-njrg ufthl t`j jfb ce t`j wcrlb, fcr whll ht oj ecrkcttjf. Ill

nfcwljbkj ce t`j pist ifb t`j euturj jxhst hf t`j Yurf il-njrg.Ecr t`hs rjiscf, ht hs `hk`jr ifb gcrj viluiolj tìf ill t`j Occns.R`j krjitjst gumhzi ce _islulli` (sill-Illù til ilih`h wisillig) hs t`j Yurf il-njrg. He ill ùgif ojhfks ifb kjfhjswculb issjgolj ifb try tc siy scgjt`hfk shghlir tc t`j s`crtjstsri ce t`j Yurf il-njrg, t`jy wculb fct oj iolj tc bc ht. Hf

14

^9W R`j Yurif il-njrg ifb t`j @ibt` is`-s`jre irj hf t`j Yurihs`

lifkuikj ifb bhiljat. Out t`j wcrbs s`culb oj khvjf t`j gjifhfksusjb hf t`j @hmz t`hrtjjf ùfbrjb yjirs ikc. Ht hs fct acrrjat tctrifslitj t`jg oy khvhfk t`jg acftjgpcriry gjifhfks, w`ha` irj t`jrjsults ce t`j aìfkjs t`rcuk`cut ajfturhjs.


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eiat, t`j jlcqujft, lhtjriry pcjts ce Iriohi issjgoljb ifb strcvjvjry ìrb, out t`jy aculb fct siy scgjt`hfk lhnj t`rjj s`crt yits.R`jy aculb fct stifb ikihfst t`j Yurf il-njrg. R`jy wjrjstupjehjb. Illù til ginjs t`j jfjghjs ce Hslig hfaipiolj ifbbjejitjb hf ercft ce t`j Yurf il-njrg. R`j jlcqujfaj ce t`j

Yurf il-njrg hs iocvj ùgif pcwjr. @ugif ojhfks irjhfaipiolj ce siyhfk is ht siys. R`j yits hf t`j Yurf il-njrg irjuflhnj t`j pcjtry, prcsj cr r`ygjb vjrsj ce ùgif ojhfks.Fjvjrt`jljss, ht wis sihb hf t`j ljttjrs ce t`j lifkuikj spcnjf oyt`j lhtjriry, jlcqujft gjf ce Iriohi.

Cfj ùfbrjb ifb ecur ce t`j `jivjfly Occns wjrj rjvjiljb tcus= ht hs wjll-nfcwf tìt tjf suùe (pl. ce sièi, lhttlj occn) wjrjrjvjiljb tc big (ilih`h s-silg), ehety suùe tc Q`hs (Q`t)(ilih`h s-silg), t`hrty suùe tc Hbrs (ilih`h s-silg) ifb tjfsuùe tc Hor`g (ilih`h s-silg)> t`j Riwrt (Rcri`) wisrjvjiljb tc Gs (Gcsjs) (ilih`h s-silg), t`j ]jor (t`jcrhkhfil Tsilgs) tc Bwb (ilih`h s-silg), t`j Hfml (LithfJvifkjlhug) tc s (Mjsus) (ilih`h s-silg) ifb t`j Yurf il-njrg tc Guìggib (ilih`h s-silg).

[`jf i pjrscf wifts tc khvj if crbjr, tc ecrohb scgjt`hfk, tcisn scgjt`hfk cr tc khvj scgj fjws, ehrst `j t`hfns iocut ifbprjpirjs ht hf `hs ghfb. R`jsj gjifhfks hf ghfb irj ailljb nilg

fies, w`ha` aiffct oj sihb tc oj Irioha, Tjrshif cr Jfklhs`.R`jhr ojhfk jxprjssjb hf virhcus lifkuikjs bcjs fct aiusj t`jsjgjifhfks tc aìfkj. [crbs jxprjsshfk t`jsj gjifhfks irj ailljbnilg liez. Nilg liez aif oj sihb hf bheejrjft lifkuikjs. Qc,nilg fies ce i pjrscf hs i purj, ufaìfkjiolj, bhsthfat ittrhoutjtìt jxhsts hf hts pcssjsscr lhnj ct`jr ittrhoutjs sua` is nfcwljbkj,whll, bhsajrfgjft, jta., ifb nilg liez hs i krcup ce ljttjrs tìtjxprjss nilg fies ifb tìt acgj cut ce t`j gcut` ce t`j pjrscf

uttjrhfk t`jg ifb tìt acgj tc t`j jir. Rùs, t`j [crb ce Illùtil hs t`j jtjrfil, jvjrlisthfk, fcf-shljft ifb fcf-arjiturj [crbjxhstjft wht` @hs Tjrscf. Ht hs if ittrhoutj bhsthfat ercg t`j is-Qhetib`-B`thyyi ifb ercg is-Qhet it`-Rùothyyi ce Illù til,sua` is Nfcwljbkj ifb [hll.

R`j ittrhoutj Nilg (Qpjja`, [crb) fjvjr aìfkjs ifb hspurj. Ht hs fct hf ljttjrs cr scufbs. Ht aiffct oj bheejrjfthitjb cralisshehjb is acggifb, prc`hohthcf, firrithcf cr is Irioha,

Tjrshif, @jorjw, Rurnhs` cr Qyrhia. Ht bcjs fct tinj sua` ecrgs. Htaiffct oj wrhttjf. Ht bcjs fct fjjb sua` ippiritusjs cr gjbhi ishftjllhkjfaj, jir cr tcfkuj. Fjvjrt`jljss, ht aif oj ufbjrstccbt`rcuk` t`jg is i ojhfk bhsthfat ercg ill ojhfks wj nfcw> ht aif

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oj tclb hf ify lifkuikj whs`jb. Rùs, he ht hs tclb hf Irioha ht hsailljb t`j Yurf il-njrg. He ht hs tclb hf @jorjw ht hs t`j Riwrt.He ht hs tclb hf Qyrhia ht hs t`j Hfml. ^R`j occn Qìr` il-giqshb^9W

wrhtjs tìt he ht hs tclb hf Krjjn ht hs t`j Hfml ifb he ht hs tclb hf Qyrhiaht hs t`j ]ior.W

Il-Nilg il-hl`hyyi (t`j Bhvhfj [crb) tjlls virhcus suomjats>he ht firritjs t`j jvjfts tìt ìppjfjb cr tìt whll ìppjf, ht hsailljb nìoir (firrithcf)> he fct sc, ht hs ailljb hfs`. He ht pchftscut t`j t`hfks tìt s`culb oj bcfj, ht hs ailljb igr (acggifb). Heht pchfts cut prc`hohthcfs, ht hs fi` (prc`hohthcf). Out fc aìfkj crhfarjisj caaurs hf il-Nilg il-hl`hyyi. Jia` occn cr jia` pikjrjvjiljb hs i s`jjt ce t`j [crb ce Illù til> tìt hs, t`jy irj ceil-Nilg if-fies ce @hs. [`jf ht hs hf Irioha ht hs ailljb t`jYurf il-njrg. R`j wi` rjvjiljb hf pcjtry ifb tìt aif ojwrhttjf ifb sihb ifb `jirb ifb njpt hf ghfb hs ailljb il-Nilg il-liez cr t`j Yurf il-njrg. Qhfaj il-Nilg il-liez bjfctjs il-Nilg if-fies, ht hs pjrghssholj tc aill ht il-Nilg il-hl`hyyi crt`j Bhvhfj Ittrhoutj. R`cuk` t`hs [crb hs ce cfj scrt, ht aif ojbhvhbjb ifb orcnjf hftc pirts wht` rjspjat tc pjrscfs. Is t`jw`clj ce ht hs ailljb t`j Yurf il-njrg, sc hts pirts irj ailljb t`jYurf il-njrg.

R`j ulig ce t`j rhk`t pit` ufifhgcusly siy tìt il-Nilgif-fies hs fct i arjiturj out ht hs qibg (jtjrfil). R`jrj hs fcufifhghty cf w`jt`jr il-Nilg il-liez hs `bht` cr qibg. Qcgjw`c rjkirbjb il-Nilg il-liez is `bht` sihb tìt ht wis ojttjr fcttc siy tìt ht hs `bht` ecr ht ghk`t oj ghsufbjrstccb ifb acgj tcgjif tìt il-Nilg if-fies hs `bht`. R`hs hs t`j ojst acggjftiocut ht. [`jf t`j ùgif ghfb `jirs scgjt`hfk tìt bjfctjsscgjt`hfk jlsj, ht shgultifjcusly rjgjgojrs t`j bjfctjb t`hfk.[`jf cfj ce t`j ulig ce t`j rhk`t pit` hs `jirb tc ìvj sihb tìt

t`j Yurf il-njrg wis `bht`, wj gust ufbjrstifb tìt `jrjejrrjb tc scufbs ifb wcrbs w`ha` wj rjib wht` cur gcut`. R`julig ce t`j rhk`t pit` ìvj ufifhgcusly sihb tìt oct` il-Nilg if-fies ifb il-Nilg il-liez irj t`j [crb ce Illùtil. R`cuk` scgj ulig acfshbjrjb t`hs wcrb gjtip`crha,t`jy ill ikrjjb tìt ht wis t`j Bhvhfj [crb. Rìt il-Nilg if-fies hs t`j [crb ce Illù til gjifs tìt ht hs Illù tilsIttrhoutj ce Qpjja`, ifb tìt il-Nilg il-liez hs t`j [crb ce

Illù til gjifs tìt ht hs arjitjb oy Illù til.

1?

^9W Oy Qib ib-bf it-Rietzf, w`c pissjb iwiy hf Qigirqifb hf ;8?I.@. (9108).


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Yujsthcf= Ercg t`j prjajbhfk wrhthfk ht hs ufbjrstccb tìt t`jjtjrfil [crb ce Illù til aiffct oj `jirb. I pjrscf w`c siys,H `jirb t`j [crb ce Illi`, gjifs H `jirb t`j scufbs ifb wcrbsuttjrjb cr H ufbjrstccb t`j jtjrfil il-Nilg if-fies t`rcuk`t`jsj wcrbs. Ill prcp`jts, jvjf jvjryocby, aif `jir ht hf oct` ce

t`jsj twc giffjrs. [ìt hs t`j rjiscf ecr bhsthfkuhs`hfk Gs(ilih`h s-silg) is Nilg-Illi` (cfj tc w`cg Illù tilspcnj)3

Ifswjr= Gs (ilih`hs-silg) `jirb t`j Jtjrfil [crbwht`cut ljttjrs cr scufbs, hf i wiy bheejrjft ercg il-bit il-hl`hyyi (t`j Bhvhfj Austcg> t`j liw ce aiusithcf). @j `jirb ht hfi giffjr tìt aiffct oj jxplihfjb, is Illù til whll oj sjjf hfTiribhsj hf if ufhftjllhkholj ifb ufjxplihfiolj giffjr. Fcocbyjlsj `jirb ht hf t`hs giffjr. Cr, `j `jirb t`j [crb ce Illùtil hf scufbs fct cfly t`rcuk` `hs jirs out ilsc t`rcuk` jvjrypirthalj ce `hs ocby, ercg jvjry bhrjathcf. Cr, `j `jirb ht cfly ercgt`j bhrjathcf ce t`j trjj, yjt fct hf scufbs cr wht` t`j vhorithcf ceihr cr wht` ct`jr gjifs. Ojaiusj `j `jirb ht hf cfj ce t`jsj t`rjjacfbhthcfs, `j wis `cfcurjb wht` t`j figj Nilg-Illi`.Guìggib (ilih`h s-silg) ilsc `jirb t`j Bhvhfj [crb hf t`hsgiffjr cf t`j Ghrm Fhk`t. Qc wis t`j `jirhfk ce Miorl(ilih`hs-silg) is `j rjajhvjb wi`.

2. R`j ecurt` ce t`j shx eufbigjftils ce gf hs tc ojlhjvj hfIllù tils prcp`jts, w`c wjrj sjft tc ginj pjcplj ittihft`j wiy @j lhnjs ifb tc kuhbj t`jg tc t`j rhk`t pit`. Lhtjrillyrusul (pl. ce risl) wjrj t`j pjcplj sjft, gjssjfkjrs. Hf Hslig,risl gjifs fcolj, rjspjatiolj pjrscf w`csj fiturj, aìriatjr,nfcwljbkj ifb hftjlljat irj `hk`jr tìf t`csj ce ill t`j pjcplj ce`hs thgj, ìvhfk fc oib triht hf `hs aìriatjr ifb fc bhslhnjbgiffjr. Trcp`jts ìb t`j quilhty Hsgi, tìt hs, t`jy bhb fct

acgght ify krivj cr vjfhil shfs ojecrj cr ietjr t`jy wjrjhfecrgjb ce t`jhr fuouwwi (prcp`jt`ccb, prcp`jts`hp).^9W Ietjrt`jy wjrj hfecrgjb ce t`jhr fuouwwi ifb ufthl t`jhr fuouwwiwis nfcwf ifb sprjib cut, t`jy bhb fct ìvj sua` bjejats isolhfbfjss, bjiefjss cr t`j lhnj. Ht ìs tc oj ojlhjvjb tìt jvjryprcp`jt ìb sjvjf pjaulhirhthjs= Igfi (trustwcrt`hfjss), Qhbq(bjvcthcf), Riolk` (acggufhaithcf), Ibli (mustfjss), Hsgi

11

^9W R`csj bhsojlhjvjrs w`c hfshbhcusly try tc ioclhs` Hslig siy, Ojecrjojacghfk t`j Trcp`jt, Guìggib (ilih`h-s-silg) ìb siarhehjbvhathgs tc hbcls, ifb khvj rjejrjfaj tc fcf-gib`ìohtj occns isbcaugjfts. R`j lhfjs iocvj prcvj tìt t`hs stitjgjft hs i lhj.


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(purhty), Eitfi (supjrhftjllhkjfaj) ifb Igf il-izl (sjaurhtyikihfst bhsghssil ercg fuouwwi).

I prcp`jt w`c orcuk`t i fjw rjlhkhcf hs ailljb i risl(gjssjfkjr). I prcp`jt w`c bhb fct orhfk i fjw rjlhkhcf outhfvhtjb pjcplj tc t`j prjvhcus rjlhkhcf hs ailljb i fio

(prcp`jt).^9W

Hf t`j acggufhaithcf (tiolk`) ce acggifbs ifb hfaillhfk t`j pjcplj tc Illù tils rjlhkhcf, t`jrj hs fcbheejrjfaj ojtwjjf i risl ifb i fio. [j ìvj tc ojlhjvj tìtill prcp`jts, wht`cut jxajpthcf, wjrj bjvctjb ifb trutèul. @jw`c bcjs fct ojlhjvj hf cfj ce t`jg hs rjkirbjb is fct ojlhjvhfkhf ify.

Fuouwwi aiffct oj ittihfjb oy wcrnhfk ìrb, oy sueejrhfkùfkjr cr bhsacgecrt, cr oy priyhfk vjry gua`. Ht hs pcssjssjb

cfly wht` Illù tils eivcur ifb sjljathcf. _jlhkhcfs wjrjsjft t`rcuk` t`j gjbhithcf ce prcp`jts hf crbjr irrifkj i usjeullhej ecr pjcplj hf t`hs wcrlb ifb t`j fjxt, ifb tc prjvjft t`jgercg ìrgeul iats ifb ginj t`jg ittihf silvithcf, kuhbifaj,jisj ifb ìpphfjss. R`cuk` t`jy ìb gify jfjghjs ifb wjrjgcanjb ifb trjitjb ìrs`ly, prcp`jts bhb fct ejir t`j jfjghjsifb s`cwjb fc `jshtithcf hf acggufhaithfk tc pjcplj Illùtils acggifbs iocut t`j eiats tc oj ojlhjvjb ifb t`j t`hfkstc oj bcfj. Illù til suppcrtjb @hs prcp`jts wht` gumhzistc s`cw tìt t`jy wjrj bjvctjb ifb trutèul. Fc cfj aculb stifbikihfst t`jhr gumhzis. R`j acggufhty ce i prcp`jt hs ailljb `hsuggi. Cf t`j Biy ce Mubkjgjft, prcp`jts whll oj pjrghttjb tchftjrajbj ecr t`jhr uggis, jspjahilly ecr t`j cfjs w`c wjrjkrivjly shfeul, ifb t`jhr hftjrajsshcf whll oj iaajptjb. Illùtil whll pjrght ilsc t`j ulig, suli` ifb iwlhy igcfkt`jhr uggis tc hftjrajbj, ifb t`jhr hftjrajsshcf whll ojiaajptjb. Trcp`jts (ilih`hgu s-siliwtu wi t-tislgt) irjilhvj hf t`jhr krivjs hf i lhej wj aiffct nfcw> jirt` bcjs fctaiusj t`jhr oljssjb ocbhjs tc rct. Ecr t`hs rjiscf, ht wis sihb hf iìbt`-h-s`jre, Trcp`jts pjrecrg silt ifb ìmm hf t`jhrkrivjs.^?W

12

^9W _isl hs ilsc trifslitjb is prcp`jt hf t`j tjxt.

^?W Rcbiy, hf Iriohi t jrj irj pjcplj ailljb [i`òs. R`jy bc fctojlhjvj sua` ìbt`s. R`jy aill truj Guslhgs w`c ojlhjvj t`jsj

ìbt`s bhsojlhjvjrs. R`cuk` t`jy, cf iaacuft ce jxplihfhfkwrcfkly t`j hfjxplhaht cr buohcus fissjs iwiy, bc fct ojacgjbhsojlhjvjrs, t`jy ojacgj pjcplj ce ohbi. R`jy krjitly ìrgGuslhgs. [i`òhsg wis ecufbjb oy if hbhct figjb Guìggib


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[`hlj t`j oljssjb jyjs ce i prcp`jt sljpt, t`j jyjs ce t`hs `jirtbhb fct sljjp. Ill prcp`jts (ilih`hgu s-silg) wjrj jquil hfbchfk t`jhr buthjs is prcp`jts ifb hf pcssjsshfk t`j jxajlljfajs cefuouwwi. R`j iocvj-gjfthcfjb sjvjf pjaulhirhthjs jxhstjb hf illce t`jg. Trcp`jts wjrj fjvjr bhsghssjb ercg fuouwwi. R`j

Iwlhy, `cwjvjr, giy oj bjprhvjb ce [hlyi. Trcp`jts wjrjùgif ojhfks out fct kjfhjs cr ifkjls, w`c aculb fjvjr ojprcp`jts ecr ùgif ojhfks cr ittihf t`j bjkrjj ce i prcp`jt.Trcp`jts ìb supjrhcrhty tc ifb `cfcurs iocvj cfj ifct`jr. Ecrjxigplj, ojaiusj `hs uggi ifb t`j acuftrhjs `j wis sjft tc wjrjlirkjr ifb ojaiusj `hs nfcwljbkj ifb girhei sprjib hf i vistjrirji ifb ojaiusj `hs ghrialjs wjrj gcrj pljftheul ifb acfthfuilifb ojaiusj t`jrj wjrj spjahil oljsshfks ifb eivcurs ecr `hg, t`jTrcp`jt ce t`j List Ikj, Guìggib (ilih`h s-silg), wis `hk`jrtìf ill ct`jr prcp`jts. R`j prcp`jts ailljb Zlu l-izg wjrj`hk`jr tìf t`j ct`jrs. R`j risls wjrj `hk`jr tìf t`j fios w`cwjrj fct risls.

R`j fugojr ce prcp`jts (ilih`hgu s-silg) hs fct nfcwf. Ht hswjll nfcwf tìt t`jy wjrj gcrj tìf 9?2,444. Igcfk t`jg, 191cr 19: wjrj risls> t`j shx `hk`jr risls igcfk t`jg, ailljb Zlu l-izg, wjrj= big, F` (Fci`), Hor`g (Ioriìg), Gs(Gcsjs), s (Mjsus) ifb Guìggib Gustie (ilih`hgu s-siltuwi s-silg).

R`j ecllcwhfk t`hrty-t`rjj prcp`jts irj wjll-nfcwf= big,Hbrs, Q`t (cr Q`hs), F`, @b, Qlh`, Hor`g, Lt, Hsgl, Hs`q,Xiqo, Xsue, Iyyo, Qùiho, Gs, @rf, N`hbhr, Xs` hofFf, Hlys, Ilyisi, Bù l-nhel, Qìguf, Hs`gchl, Xfus hofGit, Bwb, Qulihgf, Luqgf, ]inirhyy, Xi`y, Zzihr, s

1:

ohf Iob-ul-[i`ò ce Fimb ahty. @jgp`jr, i Orhths` spy, ghsljb `hgoy ushfk t`j `jrjthail hbjis ce I`gib Hof Rihghyyi ^b. Bigisaus,;?0 I.@. (91?0)W. Ht sprjib cut igcfk t`j Rurns ifb jvjryw`jrjt`rcuk` t`j occns ce if Jkypthif figjb Guìggib Iobu` ^b.Jkypt, 91?1 I.@. (984:)W. R`j sa`clirs ce I`l is-Quffi pchftjb cuthf ùfbrjbs ce t`jhr occns tìt t`j [i`òs wjrj fct t`j ecllcwjrsce i ehet` gib`ìo, out t`csj w`c wjrj hf `jrjsy ifb cf i wrcfkpit`. Ilsc bjtihljb hfecrgithcf hs khvjf hf Jfbljss Olhss ifb Ibvhaj

ecr t`j Guslhg. Giy Illù til prctjat ycufk gjf wht` rjlhkhcusbuty ercg eillhfk hftc t`j pit` ce [i`òhsg, ifb giy @j fctbhsacffjat us ercg t`j rhk`t pit` ce t`j sa`clirs ce I`l is-Quffi,w`c irj prihsjb krjitly hf gify ìbt`s! ghf.


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hof Girhig, Bù l-qirfihf ifb Guìggib (ilih`hgu s-siltuwi s-silg).

Cfly t`j figjs ce twjfty-jhk`t ce t`jg irj wrhttjf hf t`jYurf il-njrg. Q`t, N`hbhr, Xs`, Qìguf ifb Hs`gchl irjfct wrhttjf. Igcfk t`j twjfty-jhk`t, ht hs fct ajrtihf w`jt`jr

Bù l-qirfihf, Luqgf ifb Zzihr wjrj prcp`jts cr fct. Ht hswrhttjf hf t`j t`hrty-shxt` ljttjr ce t`j sjacfb vclugj ceGintot-h-Git`ghyyi tìt t`jrj irj iut`jftha rjpcrts stithfktìt N`hbhr ilih`hs-silg wis i prcp`jt. Ifb ht hs wrhttjf isecllcws hf t`j ùfbrjb ifb jhk`ty-sjacfb ljttjr= Rìt N`hbhrilih`hs-silg ippjirs hf i ùgif ecrg (ercg thgj tc thgj), ifbbcjs scgj t`hfks, tcc, bcjs fct s`cw tìt `j hs ilhvj. Illù tilìs khvjf `hs scul, is wjll is t`j sculs ce gify ct`jr Trcp`jts ifb[ils, t`j pjrghsshcf tc ippjir hf i ùgif ecrg. Qjjhfk t`jgbcjs fct prcvj tìt t`jy irj ilhvj. Bù l-nhel (ilih`h s-silg)wis ilsc ailljb @irqhl, w`c wis ilsc sihb tc oj Hlys, Hbrs cr]inirhyy.

Hor`g (ilih`h s-silg) hs Nìll-Illi`, ojaiusj t`jrj wis fclcvj ecr arjiturjs ifb t`jrj wis cfly lcvj ecr Illù til hf `hs`jirt. Gs (ilih`h s-silg) hs Nilg-Ill`, ojaiusj `j spcnjwht` Illù til. s (ilih`h s-silg) hs Nilhgit-Ill`, ecr `jbhb fct ìvj i eit`jr ifb wis ocrf cfly upcf il-Nilhgit il-

hl`hyyi (t`j Bhvhfj [crb) Oj! Eurt`jrgcrj, `j prjia`jbIllù tils wcrbs, w`ha` wjrj eull ce Bhvhfj [hsbcg, ifbacggufhaitjb t`jg tc t`j jirs ce pjcplj.

Guìggib (ilih`h s-silg), w`c hs t`j rjiscf ecr t`jarjithcf ce ill arjiturjs ifb t`j `hk`jst, t`j gcst prcghfjft, t`jgcst `cfcuriolj ce gifnhfb, hs @ioo-Ill` (Illù tilsBirlhfk). R`jrj wjrj gify jvhbjfajs prcvhfk `hs krjitfjss ifbsupjrhcrhty ifb tìt `j wis @ioo-Ill`. Ecr t`hs rjiscf, sua`

wcrbs is wis cvjracgj cr wis bjejitjb aiffct oj sihb iocut`hg. It _jsurrjathcf, `j whll rhsj ercg `hs krivj ojecrj jvjryocby.@j whll kc tc t`j pliaj ce Mubkjgjft ehrst. @j whll kc tc Tiribhsjojecrj jvjryocby. R`cuk` t`j ojiutheul trihts hf `hs aìriatjraiffct oj acfalubjb oy acufthfk, fcr wculb ùgif jfjrky sueehajtc acuft t`jg, wj whll crfigjft cur occn oy wrhthfk bcwf scgjce t`jg=

Cfj ce `hs ghrialjs wis `hs isajft tc t`j Ghrm= w`hlj `j wis

hf ojb hf il-Gjnnit il-Gunirrigi, `j wis iwinjfjb ifb `hsoljssjb ocby wis tinjf tc t`j Iqs Gcsquj hf Mjrusiljg (Yubs),t`jfaj tc t`j `jivjfs, ifb ietjr t`j sjvjft` `jivjf, tc t`j pliajsw`ha` Illù til bjtjrghfjb. [j ìvj tc ojlhjvj hf t`j Ghrm

15


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hf t`hs giffjr.^9W @cw t`j Ghrm ìppjfjb hs wrhttjf hf bjtihl hfgify viluiolj occns, pirthaulirly hf Q`he-h s`jre.^?W @j wjft wht`Miorl (ilih`hs-silg) ercg Gjnni tc Qhbrit il-gufti`, i trjjhf t`j shxt` ifb sjvjft` `jivjfs. Fc nfcwljbkj, fc isajft aculbkc eurt`jr tìf t`jrj. Hf Qhbri, _islulli` (ilih`h s-silg) siw

Miorl (ilih`h s-silg) hf `hs cwf sìpj wht` `hs shx ùfbrjbwhfks. Miorl (ilih`h s-silg) rjgihfjb hf Qhbri. Ercg Gjnni tcMjrusiljg, cr tc t`j sjvjft` `jivjf, _islulli` (ilih`h s-silg)wis tinjf cf Ourq, w`ha` wis i w`htj, vjry eist, sjxljss ifbufwcrlbly ifhgil ce Tiribhsj ifb w`ha` hs sgilljr tìf i gulj ifbohkkjr tìf if iss. Ht stjppjb ojycfb jyjs`ct. It t`j IqsGcsquj, _islulli` (ilih`h s-silg) ojaigj t`j hgg ecrprcp`jts hf t`j fhk`t cr gcrfhfk priyjr. Trcp`jts sculs wjrjprjsjft t`jrj hf t`jhr cwf ùgif ehkurjs. Ercg Mjrusiljg up tct`j sjvjft` `jivjf, `j wis gibj tc isajfb hf i gcgjft wht` ifufnfcwf libbjr figjb Ghrm. Cf t`j wiy, ifkjls lhfjb up cf t`jrhk`t ifb cf t`j ljet, prihsjb ifb liubjb `hg. It jia` `jivjf,Miorl (ilih`h s-silg) iffcufajb t`j kccb fjws ce _islulli`s(ilih`h s-silg) irrhvil. Hf jia` `jivjf `j siw i prcp`jt ifbkrjjtjb `hg. Hf Qhbri, `j siw gify istcfhs`hfk t`hfks, t`joljsshfks ce Tiribhsj ifb t`j tcrturjs ce @jll. @j lccnjb it fcfjce t`j oljsshfks ce Tiribhjs cut ce t`j bjshrj ecr ifb t`j pljisurj

ce sjjhfk Illù tils Migl. Ojycfb Qhbri, `j wjft i`jibilcfj, igcfk frs (lhk`ts). @j `jirb t`j scufbs ce t`j ifkjlspjfs. @j wjft t`rcuk` sjvjfty t`cusifb aurtihfs. R`j bhstifajojtwjjf twc aurtihfs wis lhnj i wiy ce ehvj ùfbrjb yjirs. Ietjrt`hs, cf i ojb figjb _ierie, w`ha` wis orhk`tjr tìf t`j suf, `jwjft t`rcuk` t`j Nurs ifb rjia`jb t`j Irs`. @j wjft cut ce t`jIrs`, cut ce t`j wcrlbs ce thgj, spiaj ifb gittjr. @j rjia`jb t`jstikj tc `jir Illù tils Qpjja`.

@j siw Illù til hf i giffjr tìt aiffct oj ufbjrstccbcr jxplihfjb, lhnj Illù til whll oj sjjf hf t`j fjxt wcrlbwht`cut thgj ifb spiaj. @j spcnj wht` Illù til wht`cutljttjrs ifb scufbs. @j klcrhehjb, prihsjb ifb liubjb @hg. @j wiskhvjf hffugjriolj khets ifb `cfcurs. Ehety thgjs ce pjrecrgifaj

1;

^9W R`j Hsgl `jrjthas ifb t`j jfjghjs ce eiht` bhskuhsjb is Hslighasa`clirs try tc bjajhvj t`j ycut` oy siyhfk ifb wrhthfk tìt t`j Ghrm

wis fct i ocbhly isajft out i sphrhtuil stitj (`l). [j s`culb fct ouysua` acrrupt occns> wj s`culb fct oj bjahjvjb oy t`jg.^?W Yb Hyb il-Glhn, iut`cr ce Q`he, pissjb iwiy hf Gcrcaac hf :22

I.@. (99:4).


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ce silt hf i biy wjrj gibj eirb ecr `hg ifb ecr `hs uggi, out t`hswis kribuilly rjbuajb tc ehvj thgjs i biy wht` t`j gjbhithcf ceGs (ilih`h s-silg). Ojecrj t`hs, silt ìb ojjf pjrecrgjb cflyhf t`j gcrfhfks ifb hf t`j ietjrfccfs cr it fhk`ts. Ietjr sua` ilcfk mcurfjy, ìvhfk ittihfjb khets ifb oljsshfks ifb ìvhfk sjjf

ifb `jirb sc gify ojwhlbjrhfk t`hfks, `j aigj oian tc `hs ojb,w`ha` ìb fct ojacgj aclb yjt. [ìt wj ìvj wrhttjf iocvj wisufbjrstccb pirtly ercg yits ifb pirtly ercg ìbt`s. Ht hs fctwmho tc ojlhjvj ill. Xjt, shfaj t`j sa`clirs ce I`l is-Quffiacggufhaitjb t`jg, t`csj w`c bjfy t`jsj eiats whll oj sjpiritjbercg I`l is-suffi. Ifb `j w`c bc

belief and islam [english]

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