bekasi pdd
DESCRIPTION
Bekasi PDDTRANSCRIPT
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 1
CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-PDD)
Version 03 - in effect as of: 28 July 2006
CONTENTS
A. General description of project activity
B. Application of a baseline and monitoring methodology
C. Duration of the project activity / crediting period
D. Environmental impacts
E. Stakeholders’ comments
Annexes
Annex 1: Contact information on participants in the project activity
Annex 2: Information regarding public funding
Annex 3: Baseline information
Annex 4: Monitoring plan
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 2
SECTION A. General description of project activity
A.1 Title of the project activity:
>>
Bekasi Power CCPP project in Indonesia
Version 2.5
Date 12/05/2009
A.2. Description of the project activity:
>
The project activity is an installation of 130 MW combine cycle power plant (CCPP) connected to the
grid and firing natural gas. The project activity is undertaken by PT. Bekasi Power at Pasirgombang
village, Cikarang sub district, Bekasi, in West Java, Indonesia.
The project technology consists of two Gas Turbine Generator (GTG) units each capacity of 42.1 MW
(ISO Rated). This will be combined with two Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSGs) and one Steam
Turbine Generator (STG) unit of 50 MW rated capacity along with all electrical systems, controls and
instrumentation.
The project will supplement the installed electricity generating capacity supplying the grid, and displace
the production of existing and new and more carbon intensive generation. The electricity will be sold to
the state-owned electricity company (“Perusahaan Listrik Negara or PLN”) in the Java-Bali-Madura
(herein after referred to as “JAMALI”) grid and to private customers connected to the JAMALI grid.
PT. Perusahaan Gas Negara (Persero) Tbk. (PGN) and PT. Bayu Buana Gemilang (BBG) have agreed to
supply the natural gas to the project activity. For detailed technical description please refer to section
A.4.3.
Contribution to sustainable development
Benefits for Local Economy:
• The successful supply of power to the region will increase capacity, voltage and peaking power
and significantly create opportunities for the local economy and development.
• The construction and operation of the power plant will directly create employment for the local
skilled and semi-skilled population. About 150 people will be employed during the construction
phase and 70 people during the operation phase.
Benefits to the environment:
The generation of power from natural gas will reduce the dependence on coal of existing and planned
grid based electricity generation. This will have a positive impact not only through a reduction of
greenhouse gas emissions but also through a reduction of other harmful emissions.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 3
A.3. Project participants:
>>
Name of Party involved
((host) indicates a host Party)
Private and/or public entity(ies)
project participants (as
applicable)
If Party wishes to be
considered as a project
participant
Indonesia (host) PT. Bekasi Power No
United Kingdom Agrinergy Pte Ltd No
A.4. Technical description of the project activity:
A.4.1. Location of the project activity:
>>
Pasirgombang village, Cikarang sub district, Bekasi District, in West Java, Indonesia.
A.4.1.1. Host Party(ies):
>>
Indonesia
A.4.1.2. Region/State/Province etc.:
>>
West Java
A.4.1.3. City/Town/Community etc:
>>
Bekasi District
A.4.1.4. Detail of physical location, including information allowing the
unique identification of this project activity (maximum one page):
>>
The geographical GPS coordinates of the project activity are:
Latitude: 06°16’S
Longitude: 107°10’E.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 4
Figure 1: Location map of Indonesia
The project activity is located in Pasirgombang, Cikarang sub district, Bekasi, West Java. It is 35km from
Jakarta, 65km from Soekarno Hatta Airport and 56 km from Tanjung Priok.
Figure 2: Location map of West Java, Indonesia
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 5
Figure 3: Location map of project activity location
A.4.2. Category(ies) of project activity:
>>
Category 1: Energy industries (renewable-/ non renewable sources)
A.4.3. Technology to be employed by the project activity:
>>
The project activity has two Gas Turbine Generator (GTG) units each with a capacity of 42.1 MW (ISO
Rated). This will be combined with two Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSGs) and one Steam
Turbine Generator (STG) unit of 50 MW rated capacity along with all electrical systems, controls and
instrumentation.
Technical details of gas turbines (2 set)
Manufacturer : General Electric
Model : PG 6581 B
Fuel : Dual (Natural gas & Diesel oil)
Fuel pressure : 22 bar (g) (at inlet gas turbine)
ISO Rated Site Rated
Inlet air temperature, °C 15 32
Inlet air pressure, bar (g) 1 1
Design output, kW 42,100 37,970
Design heat rate, kJ/kWh 11,220 11,491
Design exhaust flow, kg/h 530,000 492,600
Exhaust temperature, °C 548 558.9
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 6
High temperature gas coming out of the turbines will pass to two sets of Heat Recovery Steam
Generators (HRSGs) to produce steam. The HRSGs are manufactured by Thermax Babcox & Wilcox and
will deliver a Maximum Continuous Rating (MCR) of 86 tph. The type of the HRSG is dual pressure:
high and low pressure.
Technical details of HRSG
Input temperature : 589.31°C
Outlet temperature : 158°C
Steam quantity : 78-86 tph (Control range per HRSG)
Steam pressure : 92 kg/cm2
Steam temperature : 535°C
Supplementary firing : 0.95MMSCFD
Technical details of steam turbine
Manufacture’s model : C11-R16-X
Generation capacity : 50 MW
Steam pressure : 88 kg/cm2
Steam temperature : 530°C
Steam quantity : 165.8 tph
The steam turbine is a single shaft, single cylinder condensing type turbine.
Other auxiliary systems including a water cooling treatment and disposal plant, chemical system
compressed air system, lifting equipment, main station fire fighting system, ventilation and air
conditioning will also be installed.
Fuel Supply
PGN and BBG have agreed to supply a minimum of 0.5 million MMBTU per month of natural gas to PT
Bekasi Power. The pressure of gas supplied by PGN is approximately 8-15 bars - it will be necessary to
install a compressor to raise the pressure to 20-22 bars to ensure it matches the pressure required by the
gas turbine.
High speed diesel (HSD) will be used only if there is a disruption to the gas supply.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 7
A.4.4 Estimated amount of emission reductions over the chosen crediting period:
>>
A 10 year crediting period has been chosen for the project activity.
Year Annual estimation of emission
reductions in tonnes of CO2e
Year 1 369,225
Year 2 369,225
Year 3 369,225
Year 4 369,225
Year 5 369,225
Year 6 369,225
Year 7 369,225
Year 8 369,225
Year 9 369,225
Year 10 369,225
Total estimated reductions (tonnes CO2e) 3,692,250
Total number of crediting years 10
Annual average over the crediting period of
estimated reductions (tonnes of CO2e) 369,225
A.4.5. Public funding of the project activity:
>>
The project has not received any public funding.
SECTION B. Application of a baseline and monitoring methodology
B.1. Title and reference of the approved baseline and monitoring methodology applied to the
project activity:
>>
Approved baseline methodology AM0029 - Methodology for Grid Connected Electricity Generation
Plants using Natural Gas - Version 03
Version 05 - Tool for demonstration assessment and of additionality
Version 01 - Tool to calculate emission factor for an electricity system
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 8
B.2 Justification of the choice of the methodology and why it is applicable to the project
activity:
>>
Applicability conditions Project activity
The project activity is the construction and
operation of a new natural gas fired grid-
connected electricity generation plant
This condition is satisfied as the project activity is
the construction and operation of a new natural
gas fired grid-connected electricity generation
plant. PT. Bekasi Power is finalising negotiations
with PLN on a cooperation agreement for the sale
of electricity. The CCPP is expected to operate at
full capacity from December 2009.
The geographical/physical boundaries of the
baseline grid can be clearly identified and
information pertaining to the grid and estimating
baseline emissions is publicly available
Yes, the geographical/physical boundaries of the
baseline grid (JAMALI grid) are clearly identified.
The data pertaining to the grid and for estimation
of baseline emissions is publicly available.
Natural gas is sufficiently available in the region
or country, e.g. future natural gas based power
capacity additions, comparable in size to the
project activity, are not constrained by the use of
natural gas in the project activity
Natural gas is sufficiently available in Indonesia.
Further, implementation of the project activity
does not divert natural gas that would have been
used elsewhere.
B.3. Description of the sources and gases included in the project boundary
>>
The spatial extent of the project boundary, as indicated below, includes the project site and all power
plants connected physically to the baseline grid.
Project Boundary
The greenhouse gases included in or excluded from the project boundary are shown in Table below.
Source Gas Included? Justification/Explanation
CO2 Yes Main emission source
CH4 No Excluded for simplification.
This is conservative. Baseline
Power
generation in the
baseline
N20 No Excluded for simplification.
This is conservative
Power generation by
project activity
Power generation by existing capacity and
capacity additions in the baseline grid (i.e.
JAMALI Grid)
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 9
CO2 Yes Main emission source
CH4 No Excluded for simplification Project
activity
On-site fuel
combustion due
to the project
activity N20 No Excluded for simplification
B.4. Description of how the baseline scenario is identified and description of the identified
baseline scenario:
>>
The baseline scenario is identified as per the guidance given in AM0029, Version 03.
Step 1 Identify plausible baseline scenarios
Alternatives to be analysed should include:
1. The project activity not implemented as a CDM project;
2. Power generation using natural gas, but technologies other than the project activity;
3. Power generation technologies using energy sources other than natural gas;
4. Import of electricity from connected grids, including the possibility of new interconnections.
Table 1: Baseline scenario assessment
Alternatives Plausibility/Eligibility
1. The project activity not implemented as a CDM project
Natural Gas CCGT without CDM Plausible. This is a plausible alternative that can deliver
similar services to the proposed project activity. Meets all
eligibility conditions.
2. Power generation using natural gas, but technologies other than the project activity
Natural Gas Open Cycle Gas Turbine Not plausible. An open cycle gas turbine has a relatively lower
thermal efficiency and is now rarely implemented. Alternative
(2) is not a plausible baseline scenario of the proposed project.
3. Power generation technologies using energy sources other than natural gas
(a) Coal-fired power plant Plausible. Power generation in Indonesia is dominated by coal-
based power plants for both base and peak load and therefore
(a) represents a plausible baseline scenario. A typical 2x65
MW coal based power plant can provide services similar to
the proposed project activity and is a credible alternative.
(b) Oil-fired power plant Not plausible. At the project start date, oil prices were too
high to be considered a plausible baseline scenario. Moreover,
the Indonesian government is trying to reduce its dependence
on oil. Therefore, option (b) can not be considered a plausible
baseline scenario.
(c) Nuclear power plant and Not plausible. Indonesia is yet to commission its first nuclear
power plant.
(d) Hydro power plant Not plausible. Hydro power plants are of seasonal nature with
low plant load factors and involve higher capital cost and
higher gestation periods.
(e) Wind power plant Not plausible. Wind is not viable in Indonesia without
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 10
government subsidies.
(f) Biomass power plant Not Plausible. Not a realistic and credible alternative. There
are currently in Indonesia no comparable biomass based power
plants constructed recently.
(g) Geothermal power plant Not Plausible. Not a realistic and credible alternative.
Geothermal power plants are very difficult to finance and
implement.
4. Import of electricity from connected grids, including the possibility of new interconnections.
Import from neighbouring power grids Not plausible. The Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi grids
are not connected to the JAMALI grid.
From the above baseline scenario assessment analysis, scenario 1 and scenario 3(a) are considered the
plausible alternatives applicable to the project activity.
Step 2 Identify the economically most attractive baseline scenario alternative
Investment analysis is used to identify the most attractive baseline scenario. Levelised Cost of Electricity
Generation (IDR/kWh) has been chosen as a suitable financial indicator for the alternatives remaining
after step 1.
Table 2: Fuel price comparison per unit of energy
Emission Factor Fuel Type Fuel price Energy in Joule Price of fuel
Cts USD/ TJ KgCO2/TJ
Natural Gas 5.49 USD/mmBTU1 1,055 J/BTU 5.21 64,200
Coal 54 USD/tonne2 23,027 TJ/tonne 2.19 96,100
Coal has a lower cost of energy compared to natural gas
The basic levelised cost of electricity generation methodology used in this PDD is based on ‘Projected
Costs of Generation Electricity: 2005 update’ published by International Energy Agency (IEA)3. The
formula applied to calculate the levelised electricity generation cost (EGC) is the following:
∑
∑
−+
−+++
=
t
t
trEt
trFtMtIt
EGC])1.([
])1).([(
Where:
EGC Average lifetime levelised electricity generation cost per
kWh
It Capital expenditure in the year t
1 Source: Gas purchase agreements - 5.495 USD/MMBTU from BBG (50%) and 5.5 USD/MMBTU from PGN (50%) 2 Source: Jakarta Stock Exchange, 30 May 2007 (KOB Kalimantan 5900kcal/kg cif prices) cif = cost + insurance + freight (avg freight prices) 3Source: http://www.iea.org/Textbase/publications/free_new_Desc.asp?PUBS_ID=1472, Annex 5
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 11
Mt Operation and maintenance expenditures in the year t
Ft Fuel expenditure in the year t
Et Electricity generation in the year t
r Discount rate
n Lifetime of the System
Summary of assumptions taken for levelised cost calculation
Table 3: Specific assumptions for CCPP comprising advance class gas turbine
Assumptions S1. Value Units Source
Capacity of the plant 130 MW
Capital expenditure (initial) It 148,610,772 USD
O&M in the year t Mt 385,000 USD
Fuel expenditure Ft Fp*Fq USD
Fuel quantity Fq 7,313,509 MMBTU
Feasibility
study
Fuel price Fp 5.49 USD/MMBTU Gas purchase
agreements
Fuel escalation 2.5 % (2 years)
Electricity generation in the year t (Net) Et 943,540 MWh
Discount rate r 10 %
Lifetime of the System n 25 Years
Feasibility
study
Electricity Generation Cost EGC 6.59 cents
USD/kWh Calculated
4
4 Source: Levelised Electricity Generation Cost calculation is performed in the supporting doc “financial analysis” excel spreedsheet
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 12
Table 4: Specific assumptions for Coal based power plant
Assumptions S1. Value Units Source
Capacity of the plant 2 x 65 MW NA
Capital expenditure (initial) It 166,664,000 USD
O&M in the year t Mt 479,606 USD
Fuel expenditure Ft Fp x Fq USD
PT PLN Persero -
PLTU Crash
programme
Fuel quantity Fq 429,883 tonnes Calculated5
Fuel price Fp 54 USD/tonne
Fuel escalation 1.5 %
Jakarta Stock
Exchange, 30 May
2007
Electricity generation in the year t (Net) Et 943,540 MWh
Discount rate r 10 %
Lifetime of the System n 25 years
NA
Electricity Generation Cost EGC 4.91 cents
USD/kWh Calculated
Table 5: Levelized costs of generation
Alternatives Generation cost of electricity6
Natural Gas 6.59 cents USD/kWh 613.1 IDR/kWh
Coal 4.91 cents USD/kWh 457.1 IDR/kWh
From the above assessment, it is clear that the project activity has a lower financial indicator (higher cost
of generation) compared to coal.
Sensitivity analysis
A sensitivity analysis has been performed to confirm the conclusion regarding the financial indicator.
The financial indicators are calculated for a variation of the following critical parameters:
- Plant load factor
- Cost of fuel
The sensitivity analysis was conducted for scenarios with variations in each and both of the above factors
to assess
5 Source: DIJPE data on GEF - Based on JAMALI average of 33.2% thermal efficiency
6 Based on the conversion rate at time of the decision (9300 IDR/USD)
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 13
Table 6: Sensitivity analysis for each option
Parameter
Alternative Variation Levelised
Cost (IDR/kWh)
Project activity not implemented as a CDM project,
i.e. 130 MW gas based combined cycle power plant
with advance class gas turbine.
+/-5
+/-10
603.7/623.5
656.6/569.5
Fuel Price
2 x 65 MW coal fired pit head based power plant
using conventional technology
+/-5
+/-10
468.0/446.1
479.0/435.2
Project activity not implemented as a CDM project,
i.e. 130 MW gas based combined cycle power plant
with advance class gas turbine.
+/-5
+/-10
603.7/623.5
595.3/635.2
Load
Factor
2 x 65 MW coal fired pit head based power plant
using conventional technology
+/-5
+/-10
446.6/468.9
437.1/482.1
The results of the sensitivity analysis conducted confirm that the cost of power generation using coal is
the cheapest option and this is considered as the most economically attractive baseline scenario.
Figure 1: Variation of levelised cost with load factor
Figure 2: Variation of levelised cost with fuel cost
Additionality
Project additionality as per the methodology has been described in the subsequent section B.5.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 14
B.5. Description of how the anthropogenic emissions of GHG by sources are reduced below
those that would have occurred in the absence of the registered CDM project activity (assessment
and demonstration of additionality):
>>
As recommended in AM0029, the project proponent is required to establish that the GHG reductions
arising from the projects activity are additional to those that would have occurred in absence of the
project activity as per the latest version of the “Tool for the demonstration and assessment of
additionality”.
As per the national and local existing legislation /regulation, there are no legal restrictions in Indonesia
relating to the utilization of any fuel for grid connected generating stations.
Since 2007, PT Bekasi Power was aware of the benefits from CDM, and hosted and participated in a
CDM seminar in Jababeka in February 2007. Based on the CDM incentive, PT Bekasi Power decided to
proceed with the project activity as a CDM project and this was notified in the following board meeting
(March 2007) as well as in the earliest feasibility study (April 2007). The board of directors approved the
investment and concluded an engineering, procurement & construction contract (Start date) later in July
2007.
In order to demonstrate that the project activity is not the baseline scenario, the methodology provides a
set of steps. For AM0029, the following steps are required:
Step 1: Benchmark Investment Analysis. This step consists of the additionality tool step 2, sub-step 2b
(Option III: Apply benchmark analysis); sub-step 2c (Calculation and comparison of financial indicators)
and sub-step 2d (Sensitivity analysis)
Step 2: Common practice analysis. This step consists of step 4 of the additionality tool
Step 3: Impact of CDM registration.
Step 1: Benchmark Investment Analysis
Sub-step 2b: Option III – Application of benchmark analysis
According to the methodology AM0029, the benchmark investment analysis is undertaken and the
generation cost of electricity is taken as the most appropriate financial/economic indicator.
Sub-step 2c: Calculation and comparison of financial indicators
Corresponding levelized tariff for all the plausible options to the proposed project activity has been
calculated and presented in Section B.4 above. The cost of electricity generation for the proposed CDM
project activity is IDR 613.1 per kWh against 457.1 IDR/kWh for the coal based alternative.
On analyzing this data, it can be clearly seen that the project activity is not the most economical for
power production. Using coal as fuel is economically the most feasible investment for producing power
in the Western Java grid.
Sub-step 2d: Sensitivity analysis
The findings of sensitivity analysis on levelized tariff of generation for natural gas and coal presented in
section B.4 above further substantiates that even with reasonable variations in price of fuel and PLF, the
electricity generation cost using natural gas remains more expensive than that using coal.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 15
Step 2: Common practice analysis
As recommended in AM0029 methodology, the project proponent is required to establish that the project
activity is not common practice in the relevant country and sector, by applying step 4 (common practice
analysis) of the latest version of the “Tool for the demonstration and assessment of additionality”.
Sub-step 4a: Analyze other activities similar to the proposed project activity:
The Indonesian power system is divided into four independent regional grids, namely Sumatra, Java-
Madura-Bali (JAMALI), Kalimantan and Sulawesi. The JAMALI interconnections system is the largest
(77% of power consumption) in the country, and the power generating capacity of this system totals
22,296 MW7 linked with extra high voltage transmission cables of 500 kV, and high voltage transmission
cables of 150 kV and 70 kV.
The common practice analysis will only consider ssimilar activities as CCGTs and Coal power plant
operating or under implementation, and located in the JAMALI grid.
Table 7: Natural gas and coal based power plants developed in the JAMALI grid
Power Plant Location Operation
Year
Capacity
(MW) Type of Fuel
Project owner
Tanjung Jati B Tanjung Jati 2006 1320 Coal Tanjung
Jati B
Cilegon Cilegon, Banten 2006 740 Gas &
HSD Oil
PT PLN
(Persero)
Cilacap Cilacap 2006 600 Coal PT Sumberenergi
Sakti Prima
Krakatau Krakatau 2003 80 Coal PT Krakatau
Daya Listrik
Cikarang Cikarang, Bekasi 2003 150 Gas &
diesel
PT. Cikarang
Listrindo
Paiton II Paiton 2000 1220 Coal PT Java power
Paiton I Paiton 1999 1290 Coal PT Paiton
Energi
Muara Tawar Bekasi, West Java 1995 2035 Gas &
HSD Oil
PT PLN
(Persero)
Tanjung Priok Jakarta Raya 1993-1994 2 x 590 Gas &
HSD Oil
PT Indonesia
Power
Tambak Lorok Semarang 1993 2x 530 Gas &
HSD Oil
PT PLN
(Persero)
Gresik East Java 1990 2260 Gas &
diesel
PT PLN
(Persero)
Grati Pasuruan, East
Java 1964 2 x 462
Gas &
HSD Oil
PT Indonesia
Power
7 Source: POWER GENERATING INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA - July 2008 - http://www.datacon.co.id/powergenerating.html
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 16
Sub-step 4b: Discuss any similar Options that are occurring:
Indonesia is facing a crisis in electric power supply, as demand is growing by 8% a year as against
production growth of only 3% per year8. For the most recent 10 years, coal-based power plants have
accounted for over 80% of the total installed capacity above. Indonesia is the second9 largest exporter for
coal in the world.
Technology:
Out of the seven CCGT power plants mentioned above, six (Cilegon, Muara Tawar, Tanjung Priok,
Tambak Lorok, Gresik, and Grati) are publicly owned by the Indonesian government. Those multi-fuel
fired CCGTs have the flexibility to choose between a range of fuels, depending on economics and
availability and are thus better able to diversify fuel risks and dispatch risks.
The only similar CCGT plant (Cikarang), built in 2003, benefits from a substantially lower gas
price10
.This IPP experienced a decline of 33%11
in its power output between 2004 and 2006. Similarly,
several other power plants using gas as fuel in the country facing the similar barriers: inadequate pipeline
infrastructure, uncertainty in domestic gas supply resulting in delay in the construction and interruption
of the process of production. Cilegon and Gresik (PLTGU) have experienced a shortage in gas supply12
and many gas-fired power plants have been forced to revert to fuel oil.
Between 2002 and 2006 the share of public and private gas based power plants decreased to 27%13
of
total generation, whilst the share of oil and coal increased by 41.3% and 34.5% respectively.
In light of abundant availability of cheap coal and to reduce dependence on fuel oil, the Indonesian
government has undertaken a “Crash Program”. This program involves the construction of 24 new coal
fired power plants units (PLTU) with a total capacity of 8,192 MW. In Java, 10 units of PLTU with a
total capacity of 7,140 MW will be built (plants will have a capacity of 300 MW to 660 MW). The
current trend in Indonesia is clearly focused on the construction of coal based power plants.
Mainly due to the government’s plan to encourage coal based power projects it is likely that the share of
power generation fired by natural gas will decline. Therefore, we consider that this evidence supports the
fact that the project activity is not common practice in Indonesia.
Step 3: Impact of CDM registration
When the project activity is successfully approved and registered as a CDM project, the income from
CERs sales will improve the financial attractiveness of the project activity and act to offset the higher
cost of electricity generation.
As validation takes place after start date we provide a chronology of events below:
8 Source: POWER GENERATING INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA - July 2008 - http://www.datacon.co.id/powergenerating.html
9 Source: World Coal Institute – Coal facts2008 - http://www.worldcoal.org/assets_cm/files/PDF/coalfacts08.pdf
10 Source: Pt Cikarang Listrindo invoice, price of gas: 2.45 USD/MMBTU
11 Source: Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization, Gvt of Indonesia. JAMALI fuel consumption (2002-2006) 12 Source: POWER GENERATING INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA - July 2008 - http://www.datacon.co.id/powergenerating.html 13 Source: Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization, Gvt of Indonesia. JAMALI fuel consumption (2002-2006)
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 17
Table 8: Chronology of events
Prior
consideration
EPC
contract
Construction
start date
Stakeholder
meeting
EIA
approval Expected COD
March 2007 July 2007 October 2007 May 2008 May 2008 December 2009
B.6. Emission reductions:
B.6.1. Explanation of methodological choices:
>>
In line with the methodology, the emission reductions are calculated as explained below.
yyyy LEPEBEER −−= (1)
Where:
yER Emissions reductions in year y (t CO2e)
yBE Emissions in the baseline scenario in year y (tCO2e)
yPE Emissions in the project scenario in year y (tCO2e)
yLE Leakage in year y (t CO2e)
Baseline emissions
Baseline emissions are calculated by multiplying the electricity generated in the project plant (EGPJ,y)
with a baseline CO2 emission factor (EFBL,CO2,y), as follows:
yCOBLyPJy EFEGBE ,2,, ⋅= (2)
Where:
yPJEG , Net electricity generated in the project activity during the year y, MWh
yCOBLEF ,2, Baseline CO2 emission factor, tCO2/MWh
As per AM0029, to address the baseline uncertainties in a conservative manner, EFBL,CO2,y should be
determined as the lowest emission factor among the following three options:
Option 1: The build margin, calculated according to “Tool to calculate emission factor for an electricity
system”; and
Option 2: The combined margin, calculated according to “Tool to calculate emission factor for an
electricity system”, using a 50/50 OM/BM weight.
Option 3: The emission factor of the technology (and fuel) identified as the most likely baseline scenario
under “Identification of the baseline scenario” above, and calculated as follows:
( ) MWhGJCOEF
MWhtCOEFBL
BLyCOBL /6.3/2,2, ∗=
η (3)
Where:
BLCOEF Fuel emission coefficient (tCO2e/GJ), based on Table 2.2 of 2006 IPCC Guidelines for
National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 18
BLη Energy efficiency of the technology, as estimated in the baseline scenario analysis above
According to AM0029, this determination will be made once at the validation stage based on an ex ante
assessment and once again at the start of each subsequent crediting period (if applicable). If either option
1 (BM) or option 2 (CM) are selected, they will be estimated ex post, as described in “Tool to calculate
emission factor for an electricity system”.
Option 1: Build Margin, calculated based on “Tool to calculate emission factor for an
electricity system”
Build Margin emission factor
The build margin refers to a cohort of power units that reflect the type of power units whose construction
would be affected by the proposed CDM project activity. The value of build margin emission factor is
calculated based on the generation-weighted average emission factor (tCO2/MWh) of representative
power units during the 5 most recent years or the most recent 20% of the generating units built.
The BPPT (Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, Indonesia) calculated a build
margin emission factor of 0.937 tCO2/MWh which has been officially approved by Ministry of
Environment of Indonesia and Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization.
The build margin emission factor is 0.937 tCO2/MWh.
Option 2: The combined margin, calculated based on “Tool to calculate emission factor for an
electricity system”, using a 50/50 OM/BM weight
As per the “Tool to calculate emission factor for an electricity system”, the combined margin emission
factor is calculated as combination of operating margin (OM) and build margin (BM) emission factors.
According to AM0029, the weighting of OM and BM is 50/50.
yBMBMyOMOMyCM EFwEFwEF ,,, .. +=
(4)
Where: BMOM ww + = 1
Operating Margin emission factor
The operating margin refers to a cohort of power plants that reflect the existing power plants whose
electricity generation would be affected by the proposed CDM project activity.
The simple operating margin approach is not appropriate to calculate operating margin emission factor
because the low-cost/must-run resources for the Jawa-Madura-Bali (JAMALI) grid constitute 61.4%14
of
the total grid generation in average of the five most recent years. Therefore, the average operating margin
has been preferred.
The BPPT (Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, Indonesia) calculated an
operating margin emission factor of 0.844 tCO2/MWh, which has been officially approved by Ministry of
Environment of Indonesia and Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization.
14
Source: Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization, Gvt of Indonesia. JAMALI LCMR Ratio (2002-2006)
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 19
yBMBMyOMOMyCM EFwEFwEF ,,, .. +=
937.0*5.0844.0*5.0, +=yCMEF
Applying a 50/50 weight to the values for operating margin and build margin emission factors provided
in the BPPT database, the Combined Margin emission factor calculated is 0.891 tCO2/MWh15
.
Option 3: The emission factor of the technology identified as the most likely baseline scenario
under “Identification of the baseline scenario”
As demonstrated under section B.4 earlier, coal fired power plant represents the technology that
represents an economically attractive course of action and therefore coal fired power plant has been
identified as the baseline scenario. The emission factor of the coal fired power plant is calculated using
this equation as follows:
( ) MWhGJCOEF
MWhtCOEFBL
BLyCOBL /6.3/2,2, ∗=
η
Based on the IPCC default value for coal emission coefficient ( BLCOEF ), the value used for the
emission factor calculation is 0.0946 tCO2/GJ16
. And the value of the energy efficiency ( BLη ) is 31.8%17
.
)/(6.3*%8.31
/GJ)(tCO 0.0946 2,2, MWhGJEF yCOBL =
e/MWh tCO1.070 2,2, =yCOBLEF
The result of the baseline emission factor for coal fired power plant is 1.070 tCO2/MWh.
Baseline Emissions Factor
Emission factors determined using the three options are summarised in the table below
Table 9: Emission factors determined using the three options:
Options Emission Factor
(tCO2e/MWh)
Option 1 : Build Margin for JAMALI Grid 0.937
Option 2 : Combined Margin for JAMALI Grid 0.891
Option 3 : Emission factor of coal based power plant 1.070
The lowest of all the three options for JAMALI Grid is Option 2 (Combined Margin) and hence this is
the appropriate Baseline Emission Factor. Accordingly, the Baseline Emission Factor value applicable to
the project activity is 0.891 tCO2e/MWh.
15 Source: http://dna-cdm.menlh.go.id/Downloads/Others/KomnasMPB_Grid_Sumatera_JAMALI_2008.pdf 16 Source: IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Table 2.2 (2006) 17 Source: Refer to Annex 3 for the calculation of energy efficiency for coal technology
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 20
As per AM0029, in case the Build Margin or the Combined Margin is selected as the Baseline Emission
Factor, the Baseline Emission Factor (Combined Margin) will be determined ex-post, as described in
“Tool to calculate emission factor for an electricity system”. In line with the ex-post determination of the
baseline emission factor the Build Margin must be updated annually ex-post for the year in which the
actual generation and associated emission reduction occur.
Project emissions
The project activity is on-site combustion of natural gas to generate electricity. The CO2 emissions from
electricity generation (PEy) are calculated as follows:
∑ ⋅= yyy COEFFCPE (5)
Where:
yFC Total volume of natural gas combusted in the project plant (m3 or similar) in year y
yCOEF CO2 emission coefficient (tCO2/m3 or similar) in year y for natural gas and is calculated
as follows:
fyCOyy OXIDEFNCVCOEF ⋅⋅= ,2 (5a)
Where:
yNCV Net calorific value per volume unit of natural gas (GJ/m3) in year y as determined from
the fuel supplier, wherever possible, otherwise from local or national data;
yCOEF ,2 CO2 emission factor per unit of energy of natural gas in year y (tCO2/GJ), from IPCC;
fOXID Oxidation factor of natural gas
For start-up fuels, IPCC default calorific values and CO2 emission factors are acceptable, if local or
national estimates are unavailable.
The values for the above parameters are referred in the B.6.2. section:
fyCOyy OXIDEFNCVCOEF ⋅⋅= ,2
Leakage
Leakage may result from fuel extraction, processing, liquefaction, transportation, re-gasification and
distribution of fossil fuels outside of the project boundary. This includes mainly fugitive CH4 emissions
and CO2 emissions from associated fuel combustion and flaring. Since the project activity does not use
LNG, the leakage emissions are given as follows:
yCHy LELE ,4= (6)
Where:
yLE Leakage emissions during the year y in tCO2e
yCHLE ,4 Leakage emissions due to fugitive upstream CH4 emissions in the year y in tCO2
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 21
Fugitive methane emissions
For the purpose of estimating fugitive CH4 emissions, the quantity of natural gas consumed by the project
in year y is multiplied with an emission factor for fugitive CH4 emissions (EFNG,upstream,CH4) from natural
gas consumption and subtracted by the emissions from fossil fuels used in the absence of the project
activity, as follows:
[ ]4444 ,,,,,, CHCHupstreamBLyPJCHupstreamNGyyyCH GWPEFEGEFNCVFCLE ⋅⋅−⋅⋅= (7)
Where:
yCHLE ,4 Leakage emissions due to fugitive upstream CH4 emissions in the year y in t CO2e
yFC Quantity of natural gas combusted in the project plant during the year y in m³
yNGNCV , Average net calorific value of the natural gas combusted during the year y in GJ/m³
4,, CHupstreamNGEF Emission factor for upstream fugitive methane emissions of natural gas from production,
transportation, distribution, and, in the case of LNG, liquefaction, transportation, re-
gasification and compression into a transmission or distribution system, in tCH4 per GJ
fuel supplied to final consumers
yPJEG , Electricity generation in the project plant during the year in MWh
4,, CHupstreamBLEF Emission factor for upstream fugitive methane emissions occurring in the absence of the
project activity in tCH4 per MWh electricity generation in the project plant
4CHGWP Global warming potential of methane valid for the relevant commitment period
The emission factor for upstream fugitive CH4 emissions occurring in the absence of the project activity
(EFBL,upstream,CH4) should be calculated consistent with the baseline emission factor - Option 2(EFBL,CO2).
As presented in the Annex 3, the emission factor was found to be the lowest with Combined Margin
method for the JAMALI grid, so the same calculation procedure has been adopted to calculate
EFBL,upstream,CH4, as presented below:
∑
∑
∑
∑ ⋅
⋅+
⋅
⋅=
i
i
i
CHupstreamkki
j
j
j
CHupstreamkkj
CHupstreamBLEG
EFFF
EG
EFFF
EF44
4
,,,,,,
,, 5.05.0 (8)
Where:
4,, CHupstreamBLEF Emission factor for upstream fugitive methane emissions occurring in the
absence of the project activity in tCH4 per MWh electricity generation in the
project plant
j Plants included in the build margin
kjFF , Quantity of fuel type k (a coal or oil type) combusted in power plant j included
in the build margin
4,, CHupstreamkEF Emission factor for upstream fugitive methane emissions from production of the
fuel type k (a coal or oil type) in tCH4 per MJ fuel produced
jEG Electricity generation in the plant j included in the build margin in MWh/a
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 22
i Plants included in the operating margin
kiFF , Quantity of fuel type k (a coal or oil type) combusted in power plant i included
in the operating margin
iEG Electricity generation in the plant i included in the operating margin in MWh/a
As per AM0029, since the Combined Margin has been selected as the Baseline Emission Factor (Option
2), the factor for upstream fugitive CH4 emissions occurring in the absence of the project activity will be
determined ex-post, and will be calculated in consistent with the Baseline Emission Factor, as described
in “Tool to calculate emission factor for an electricity system”.
Table 10: Default emission factors for fugitive CH4 upstream emissions
Parameter Defaul
t value Unit Source Remarks
EFcoal,upstream,CH4 0.8 tCH4 /kt coal Table 2 of AM0029:
Default emission
factors for fugitive CH4
upstream emissions
Since the predominant sources in
the region are currently using
surface mining coal18
, the default
emission factor value used is 0.8
tCH4 /kt coal.
EFoil,upstream,CH4
4.1 tCH4 / PJ Table 2 of AM0029:
Default emission
factors for fugitive CH4
upstream emissions
This value includes production,
transport, refining and storage of
the oil.
EFNG,upstream,CH4
296 tCH4 / PJ Table 2 of AM0029:
Default emission
factors for fugitive CH4
upstream emissions
This value includes production,
processing transport and
distribution of natural gas. It is
applicable for the rest of the world.
The calculation of leakage emissions are provided in Annex 6.
18 Source: http://www.energybangla.com/index.php?mod=article&cat=CoalSector&article=1531
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 23
B.6.2. Data and parameters that are available at validation:
The data/ parameters that are available at validation include the following:
Data / Parameter: yBMEF ,
Data unit: tCO2/MWh
Description: Build Margin Emission factor of JAMALI Grid
Source of data to be
used:
Official Information on Baseline Emission Factor in JAMALI Electricity Grid
by Ministry of Environment of Indonesia dated Januari 19, 2009
http://dna-
cdm.menlh.go.id/Downloads/Others/KomnasMPB_Grid_Sumatera_JAMALI_2
008.pdf
Value applied 0.973
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied:
Build Margin Emission Factor has been calculated by BPPT (Agency for the
Assessment and Application of Technology, Indonesia) in accordance with
“Tool to calculate emission factor for an electricity system” and its usage in
CDM project has been officially approved by Ministry of Environment and
Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization
Any comment: -
Data / Parameter: yOMEF ,
Data unit: tCO2/MWh
Description: Operating Margin Emission factor of JAMALI Grid
Source of data used: Official Information on Baseline Emission Factor in JAMALI Electricity Grid
by Ministry of Environment of Indonesia dated Januari 19, 2009
http://dna-
cdm.menlh.go.id/Downloads/Others/KomnasMPB_Grid_Sumatera_JAMALI_
2008.pdf
Value applied: 0.844
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
Operating Margin Emission Factor has been calculated by BPPT (Agency for
the Assessment and Application of Technology, Indonesia) using average OM
approach in accordance with “Tool to calculate emission factor for an
electricity system” and its usage in CDM project has been officially approved
by Ministry of Environment and Directorate General of Electricity and Energy
Utilization.
Any comment: -
Data / Parameter: BLCOEF
Data unit: tCO2e/TJ
Description: Emission factor of coal which has been identified as the baseline scenario fuel.
This data is used to calculate the emission factor of coal based power
generation.
Source of data to be Table 2.2 of 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 24
used:
Value applied -
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied:
As per AM0029, the fuel emission coefficient is to be determined based on
national average fuel data if available, otherwise IPCC default value is
considered.
Any comment: Calculated with NCV of gas is monitored.
Data / Parameter: BLη of coal power plant
Data unit: %
Description: Energy efficiency of the coal fired power plant which has been identified as the
baseline scenario
Source of data used: Calculated as the average of energy efficiency for the most recent coal fired
power plant, connected to the JAMALI grid. Values used are fuel consumption,
NCV of coal and net electricity generated and published by Indonesian
Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization.
Value applied: 31.8%
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures
actually applied :
Official Information on Baseline Emission Factor in JAMALI Electricity Grid
published by Indonesian Directorate General of Electricity and Energy
Utilization.
Any comment: -
Data / Parameter: Coal consumption in coal fired power plants in JAMALI region
Data unit: kilotonnes
Description: These data are used as inputs to calculate the Energy efficiency of the coal fired
power plants
Source of data used: JAMALI Grid – Build Margin and Operating Margin calculation database.
Value applied:
Coal Power Plant
Quantity of fuel
consumed
(kilotonnes)
Paiton I 4,437
Paiton II 4,273
Krakatau 0.8
Cilacap 764.1
Tanjung Jati B 1,525
PT. PJB-
steam/coal 2,753
IP-Steam coal 13,165
Justification of the
choice of data or
The source of data comes from the official data given by Indonesian
Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization. The same data is
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 25
description of
measurement methods
and procedures
actually applied :
used to calculate the official JAMALI Grid
Any comment: -
Data / Parameter: Electricity generated from Coal fired power plants in the JAMALI Grid
Data unit: GWh
Description: These data are used as inputs to calculate the Energy efficiency of the coal fired
power plants
Source of data used: JAMALI Grid – Build Margin and Operating Margin calculation database.
Value applied:
Coal Power Plant
Gross electricity
generation
(GWh)
Paiton I 9,116
Paiton II 9,109
Krakatau 2.2
Cilacap 1,937
Tanjung Jati B 3,869
PT. PJB-
steam/coal 4,929
IP-Steam coal 23,875
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures
actually applied :
The source of data comes from the official data given by Indonesian
Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization. The same data is
used to calculate the official JAMALI Grid
Any comment: -
Data / Parameter: yNCV of Coal
Data unit: TJ/Gg
Description: Net calorific value per mass unit of coal
Source of data used: Indonesia Mineral, Coal and Geothermal Statistic 2006, pp. 28
Value applied: 24.03
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures
actually applied :
This value is based on national statistic and published by Indonesian Ministry
of Energy and Mineral Resources.
Any comment: -
Data / Parameter: yNCV of HSD, IDO and MFO
Data unit: GJ/ kiloliter fuel
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 26
Description: Net calorific value per volume unit. This data are used as inputs for calculating
the Emission factor for upstream fugitive methane emissions occurring in the
absence of the project activity.
Source of data used: NCV values of HSD, IDO and MFO found in the calculation of JAMALI Grid
build margin and operating margin by BPPT (Agency for the Assessment and
Application of Technology, Indonesia).
Value applied: Refer to Annex 6
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures
actually applied :
The source of data comes from the data given by Indonesian Directorate
General of Electricity and Energy Utilization. The same data is used to
calculate the official JAMALI Grid.
Any comment: -
Data / Parameter: yfCOEF ,,2 of natural gas
Data unit: tCO2/GJ
Description: The CO2 emission factor per unit of energy of natural gas in year y
Source of data used: IPCC default value has been applied (Chapter 2, 2006 IPCC Guidelines for
National Greenhouse Gas Inventories)
Value applied: 56.1 tCO2/TJ
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures
actually applied :
As there are no national data available for the emission factor of the fuel used,
default value based on Table 2.2 of 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National
Greenhouse Gas Inventories has been applied.
Any comment: -
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 27
B.6.3 Ex-ante calculation of emission reductions:
>>
As per methodology AM0029, the emission reductions by the project activity is calculated as follows:
yyyy LEPEBEER −−=
Where:
yER Emissions reductions in year y (t CO2e)
yBE Emissions in the baseline scenario in year y (tCO2e)
yPE Emissions in the project scenario in year y (tCO2e)
yLE Leakage in year y (t CO2e)
Baseline Emissions
Baseline Emissions (tCO2e): yCOBLyPJy EFEGBE ,,, 2.=
yPJEG , = Annual expected net electricity generated in the project activity (MWh)
= Gross electricity generated – Auxiliary power consumption @ 3.71% of gross generation
yPJEG , = [[2*(8640*37.97) + (8640*50)] - [2*(8640*1.3) + (8640*2)]]*90%
= 943,540 MWh
And baseline emission factor value is:
yCOBLEF ,, 2= 0.891 tCO2e/MWh (Refer to section B.6.1. Option 2)
Therefore baseline emission is:
=yBE 943,540 x 0.891 = 840,694 tCO2e
Project Emissions
Since the consumption of natural gas is provided in MMBTU, the project emission is calculated by
applying a conservative equivalence between MMBTU and Joule of (1 Btu = 1055.056 Joule).
Nevertheless, for the purpose of the monitoring plan, the actual project emission with the exact yCOEF ,
as per AM0029 will be calculated.
Project Emissions (tCO2e):
yPE = 7,313,509 (MMBTU) * 1.055,056 (GJ/MMBTU) * 0.0561 (tCO2e /GJ)
yPE = 432,877 tCO2e
Leakage
Leakage emissions due to fugitive upstream CH4 emissions (refer to Annex 6 for details of calculation)
Likewise the project emission, the leakage is calculated using a conservative equivalence between
MMBTU and Joule of (1 Btu = 1055.056 Joule). Nevertheless, for the purpose of the monitoring plan,
the actual leakage with the exact yNCV , as per AM0029 will be calculated.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 28
yLE = [7,313,509 (MMBTU) * 1.055,056 (GJ/MMBTU) * 0.000296 (t CH4 per GJ)]
– [943,540 (MWh) * 0.000473 (t CH4 per MWh)] * 21
yLE = 38,592 tCO2e
Emissions reductions
yER = 840,694 - 432,877 - 38,592
= 369,225 tCO2e
B.6.4 Summary of the ex-ante estimation of emission reductions:
>>
A summary of the ex-ante estimation of emission reductions for all years of the crediting period has been
presented in the table below.
Year
Estimation of
project activity
emissions (tCO2e)
Estimation of
baseline emissions
(tCO2e)
Estimation of
leakage
(tCO2e)
Estimation of overall
emission reductions
(tCO2e)
Year 1 432,877 840,694 38,592 369,225
Year 2 432,877 840,694 38,592 369,225
Year 3 432,877 840,694 38,592 369,225
Year 4 432,877 840,694 38,592 369,225
Year 5 432,877 840,694 38,592 369,225
Year 6 432,877 840,694 38,592 369,225
Year 7 432,877 840,694 38,592 369,225
Year 8 432,877 840,694 38,592 369,225
Year 9 432,877 840,694 38,592 369,225
Year 10 432,877 840,694 38,592 369,225
Total (tCO2e) 4,328,770 8,406,940 385,920 3,692,250
B.7 Application of the monitoring methodology and description of the monitoring plan:
>>
Monitoring methodology and monitoring plan for the project activity has been prepared using the
guideline provided in Approved monitoring methodology AM0029 Version 03, “Grid Connected
Electricity Generation Plant using Non- Renewable and Less GHG Intensive Fuel”.
The applicability of this methodology to the proposed CDM project activity has been discussed in
Section B.2 above.
All the data to be monitored to estimate project, baseline and leakage emissions for verification and
issuance will be kept for two years after the end of the crediting period or the last issuance of CERs for
the project activity, whichever occurs later.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 29
The primary parameters to be monitored for calculating project emissions are listed below. Other
parameters will be calculated using the primary parameters.
For project emissions:
1. Annual fuel (s) consumption in project activity.
2. Net Caloric Values (s) of the fuel used in the project activity.
3. Fuel emission factors for fuel used in the project activity.
B.7.1 Data and parameters monitored:
>>
The following tables include specific information on how the data and parameters that need to be
parameters would actually be collected during monitoring for the project activity.
Data / Parameter: yNGFC ,
Data unit: m3
Description: Natural gas combusted in the project activity during the year y
Source of data to be
used:
Daily fuel flow meter reading at project boundary
Value of data applied
for the purpose of
calculating expected
emission reductions in
section B.5
For ex-ante calculation is 7,313,509 MMBTU
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
This data will be recorded daily. There will be two main flow meters which will
be installed by the supplier. There will be two crosscheck meters which will be
installed by the project proponent.
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
The gas flow meters will be maintained and calibrated as per standard
procedures at least once in year to ensure accuracy. The readings of the main,
cross-checked, and master meters can be checked as QA/QC.
Any comment:
Data / Parameter: yNGNCV ,
Data unit: GJ/m3 (or kcal/SCM)
Description: The Net Calorific Value (energy content) per volume unit of Natural Gas in year.
Source of data to be
used:
Fortnightly fuel supplier data
Value of data applied
for the purpose of
calculating expected
emission reductions in
section B.5
NCV of Natural Gas is not applied for the ex-ante calculation.
Description of
measurement methods
Data will be recorded and archived electronically/paper by project proponent
fortnightly.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 30
and procedures to be
applied:
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
No additional QA/QC procedures may need to be planned.
Any comment: -
Data / Parameter: yHSDFC ,
Data unit: Liters ( or kilo liters)
Description: Quantity of High Speed Diesel (HSD) combusted in the project activity during
the year y.
Source of data to be
used:
As per plant records
Value of data applied
for the purpose of
calculating expected
emission reductions in
section B.5
For ex-ante calculation, HSD consumption is considered as zero.
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
As HSD will only be used during emergencies, the monitoring using flow meter
will occur as and when HSD is used.
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
This can be crosschecked against the supplier receipts.
Any comment: -
Data / Parameter: yHSDNCV ,
Data unit: kcal/kg
Description: The Net Calorific Value (energy content) per mass unit of HSD in year.
Source of data to be
used:
As per plant records
Value of data applied
for the purpose of
calculating expected
emission reductions in
section B.5
As HSD consumption is considered as zero, The Net Calorific Valued of HSD
Gas is not applied for the ex-ante calculation.
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
This value will be obtained from the suppliers. If the value from supplier is not
available then IPCC value will be used. Data from supplier will be recorded and
archived electronically/paper by project proponent.
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
No additional QA/QC procedures may need to be planned.
Any comment: -
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 31
Data / Parameter: yPJEG ,
Data unit: MWh
Description: Net electricity exported to the grid by the project activity in the year y
Source of data to be
used:
The kWh output will be measured and recorded from the electronic meters
installed at the project site.
Value of data applied
for the purpose of
calculating expected
emission reductions in
section B.5
943,540 MWh
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
Electricity supplied to PLN and grid connected private users will be metered at
the point of delivery and is therefore net of transmission losses. All data will be
transmitted electronically back to a master meter at the plant. The daily reading
at the master meter will be archived electronically. Data archive will be
maintained for two years after the end of the crediting period.
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
Net electricity generated can be crosschecked against electricity sales invoices
and the gross electricity generation date which is also metered and stored.
Calibration will be done once a year as per standard and procedure.
Any comment: -
Data / Parameter: NGfCOE ,,2
Data unit: tCO2e/TJ
Description: CO2 Emission Factor of Natural Gas
Source of data to be
used:
Table 1.4 of 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
Value of data applied
for the purpose of
calculating expected
emission reductions in
section B.5
56.10 tCO2e/TJ
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
Default values for Carbon Emission Factor of Natural Gas as 2006 IPCC
Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories has been considered. This
data will be recorded annually based on latest IPCC information available and
will be archived in electronic/paper form. Archived data will be kept up to two
years from the end of crediting period or the last issuance, which ever occurs
later.
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
No additional QA/QC procedures may need to be planned
Any comment: Carbon Emission factor of natural gas will be updated as per the latest guidelines
available from IPCC on national greenhouse gas inventory on year to year basis.
Data / Parameter: NGfOXID ,
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 32
Data unit: -
Description: Oxidation Factor of Natural Gas
Source of data to be
used:
Table 1.4 of 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
Value of data applied
for the purpose of
calculating expected
emission reductions in
section B.5
1
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
Default values as 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories: Reference Manual has been considered. This data will be recorded
annually based on latest IPCC information available and will be archived in
electronic/paper form. Archived data will be kept up to two years from the end of
crediting period or the last issuance, which ever occurs later.
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
No additional QA/QC procedures may need to be planned
Any comment: Oxidation factor of Natural Gas will be updated as per the latest guidelines
available from IPCC on national greenhouse gas inventory on year to year basis.
Data / Parameter: HSDfCOE ,,2
Data unit: tCO2e/TJ
Description: CO2 Emission Factor of HSD
Source of data to be
used:
Table 1.4 of 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
Value of data applied
for the purpose of
calculating expected
emission reductions in
section B.5
74.10 tCO2e/TJ
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
Default values for Carbon Emission Factor of Natural Gas as 2006 IPCC
Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories has been considered. This
data will be recorded annually based on latest IPCC information available and
will be archived in electronic/paper form. Archived data will be kept up to two
years from the end of crediting period or the last issuance, which ever occurs
later.
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
No additional QA/QC procedures may need to be planned
Any comment: Carbon Emission factor of natural gas will be updated as per the latest guidelines
available from IPCC on national greenhouse gas inventory on year to year basis.
Data / Parameter: HSDfOXID ,
Data unit: -
Description: Oxidation Factor of HSD
Source of data to be
used:
Table 1.4 of 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 33
Value of data applied
for the purpose of
calculating expected
emission reductions in
section B.5
1
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
Default values as 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories: Reference Manual has been considered. This data will be recorded
annually based on latest IPCC information available and will be archived in
electronic/paper form. Archived data will be kept up to two years from the end of
crediting period or the last issuance, which ever occurs later.
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
No additional QA/QC procedures may need to be planned
Any comment: Oxidation factor of Natural Gas will be updated as per the latest guidelines
available from IPCC on national greenhouse gas inventory on year to year basis.
Data / Parameter: yCMEF ,
Data unit: tCO2/MWh
Description: Combined Margin Emission Factor for JAMALI grid
Source of data to be
used:
Official Information on Baseline Emission Factor in JAMALI Electricity Grid
by Ministry of Environment of Indonesia dated January 19, 2009
http://dna-
cdm.menlh.go.id/Downloads/Others/KomnasMPB_Grid_Sumatera_JAMALI_2
008.pdf
Value of data applied
for the purpose of
calculating expected
emission reductions in
section B.5
0.891 tCO2/MWh
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
No measurement required. Combined Margin Emission Factor has been
calculated by BPPT (Agency for the Assessment and Application of
Technology, Indonesia) using the average of the Build Margin and the average
Operating Margin in accordance with “Tool to calculate emission factor for an
electricity system” and its usage in CDM project has been officially approved by
Ministry of Environment and Directorate General of Electricity and Energy
Utilization.
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
No additional QA/QC procedures may need to be planned.
Any comment: -.
B.7.2 Description of the monitoring plan:
>>
The Monitoring and Verification (M&V) procedures define a project-specific standard against which the
project's performance (i.e. GHG reductions) and conformance with all relevant criteria will be monitored
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 34
and verified. It includes developing suitable data collection methods and data interpretation techniques
for monitoring and verification of GHG emissions with specific focus on technical performance
parameters. It also allows scope for review, scrutiny and benchmarking of all this information against
reports pertaining to M & V protocols.
The monitoring plan is prepared considering in following areas of Project Activity:
1. Establishing and maintaining the appropriate monitoring systems for consumption of NG and
electricity generated by the proposed project.
2. Quality control at Project Activity and measurements.
3. Assigning monitoring responsibilities to personnel.
4. Data storage and filing system.
B.8 Date of completion of the application of the baseline study and monitoring methodology
and the name of the responsible person(s)/entity(ies)
>>
The baseline study and application of baseline methodology was completed on 01/01/2009
by: Donald Gautier and Marrisa Girsang, PT Agrinergy Indonesia. Not a project participant.
Contact information: PT Agrinergy Indonesia. Wisma Pondok Indah 2, 17th floor, Suite 1704. Jalan
Sultan Iskandar Muda Kav V-TA, Jakarta 12310. Tel. +62 21 7592 2999
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 35
SECTION C. Duration of the project activity / crediting period
C.1 Duration of the project activity:
C.1.1. Starting date of the project activity:
>> 09/07/2007
C.1.2. Expected operational lifetime of the project activity:
>>
25 years
C.2 Choice of the crediting period and related information:
C.2.1. Renewable crediting period
C.2.1.1. Starting date of the first crediting period:
>> 01/11/2009
C.2.1.2. Length of the first crediting period:
>>
10 years 00 months
C.2.2. Fixed crediting period:
C.2.2.1. Starting date:
>>
NA
C.2.2.2. Length:
>>
NA
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 36
SECTION D. Environmental impacts
>>
D.1. Documentation on the analysis of the environmental impacts, including transboundary
impacts:
>>
PT Bekasi Power implemented an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) /Analisa Mengenai Dampak
Lingkungan (AMDAL) in compliance with the environmental regulations: Law Number 23 Year 1997
about Environmental Management and Regulation of the State Minister of Environment Number 8 Year
2006 about Writing Guidelines of EIA. The EIA is the revision of earlier EIA in April 1999 of Jababeka
Industrial Estate Phase III, where PT Bekasi Power is located. This EIA has been approved by Governor
of West Java Province in 19th May 2008.
The construction project of the PLTGU is consisted of 3 phases: pre-construction (preparation),
construction and operational phase. The preparation phase comprises of several activities such as
engineering preparation, involving feasibility study, permit process and confirmation of gas supply.
Construction process involves material and heavy equipment transports, land opening and processing,
work force mobilization, construction of ME and demobilization of heavy equipments. Operational
process involves work force mobilization, commissioning, gas supply, operations of the power plant,
waste treatment and maintenance.
Table 11: Construction Phase
Environmental
Component
Possible Impacts Environmental Management Plan
Air Quality Decreasing air quality due to the
increase of gas wastes (HC, CO2,
NOx, and SO2) and dust due to
various construction activities.
• Managing the truck loading schedule
• Localizing source of impact by installing
fences around the construction site
• Frequent maintenance of soil excess
around the construction site and spraying
around the construction site to reduce the
amount of dust
Noise Noise and vibration resulted from
the usage of machines such as
compactor, bulldozer, back hoe,
excavator and other construction
equipment.
• Project schedule management
• Foundation construction plan utilizes the
Bore Pile method
Surface water Material/soil excess and liquid
waste, resulting from the workers
domestic activities.
• Maintenance of drainage plan to
mitigate waste risk and sedimentation
due to construction activities.
• Liquid waste management (lubricating
oil & domestic waste )
Local fidgetiness Risk of local complaints due to the
declining air quality, noise
pollution and traffic
• To provide hotline service for response
purposes and inputs from locals
Employment and
business
The locals will benefit from
employment demands and increase • To provide priority for locals by
considering the work qualification
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 37
opportunity of per-capita income from the
existence of the project activity
required in the project.
• To inform the locals concerning
employment opportunity and the
requirements necessary.
• To provide wage in accordance with the
applicable standard, education level and
work expertise
Table 12: Operation Phase
Environmental
Component
Possible Impacts Environmental Management Plan
Air quality The existence of gas pollution
containing CO2, NOx, H2O and hot
air.
• Constructing Buffer Zone along the
inhabitant borders with wall of 4 meters
tall and to plant pollutant absorbing
vegetation.
• Plantation of trees with high lushness
factor such as mahogany, rubber tree, etc.
• To conduct flare stack air up to 20 meters
high in order to mitigate over pressured
gas risk.
Noise Noisy from blow down action • Installments of latex absorber to cover the
joints of windows and doors.
• To install noise emitting machines in a
noise absorbent building.
• To cover the production machines in
order to reduce noise emission.
• To instruct employees to wear earplugs.
Surface water Liquid waste from domestic
activity operation and waste oil
Hazardous waste in form of waste
oil and lubricant
• The liquid waste will be transmitted to
the containment tube before being
directed to the liquid waste treatment unit
for industrial area.
• Waste oil and lubricant are contained in
an oil catcher. The waste is then gathered
into sealed drums and handed over to
third parties that possess the permit from
the Ministry of Environment.
Solid waste Solid waste produced from
domestic activities
• Waste is managed through selection of
organic and non organic waste. The
waste is collected and transported by
cleaning units everyday, which then will
be transported to the final disposal site.
Local fidgetiness Risk of local complaints due to the
declining air quality, noise
pollution and traffic
To provide hotline service for response
purposes and inputs from locals
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 38
Employment and
business
opportunity
The locals will benefit from
employment demands and increase
of per-capita income from the
existence of the project activity
• To provide priority for locals by
considering the work qualification
required in the project.
• To inform the locals concerning
employment opportunity and the
requirements necessary.
• To provide wage in accordance with the
applicable standard, education level and
work expertise
D.2. If environmental impacts are considered significant by the project participants or the host
Party, please provide conclusions and all references to support documentation of an environmental
impact assessment undertaken in accordance with the procedures as required by the host Party:
>>
There are no significant environmental impacts of the project.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 39
SECTION E. Stakeholders’ comments
>>
E.1. Brief description how comments by local stakeholders have been invited and compiled:
>>
PT Bekasi Power applied / communicated to the relevant stakeholders to comments. The stakeholders
list includes the government and non-government parties, which are involved in the project activity at
various stages. All the identified stakeholders are invited by PT Bekasi Power by sending written letters
explaining the purpose of the meeting. PT Bekasi Power also posted a notice in a local newspaper on 9th
May 2008 for announcing the stakeholder meeting to the public. The notice indicated the agenda of
meeting, venue and time of meeting. PT Bekasi Power has conducted a stakeholder consultation process
in an open and transparent manner on 15/05/2008 at President Executive Club- Bekasi. They have
invited all identified stakeholder explaining clearly about the project and sought their view on the
project. The meeting was attended by the representatives of the identified stakeholders. The list of
participants with their signature and comments are kept for record and photographs of the event were
also taken.
The stakeholders identified for the project are as under.
� Deputy of Regent of Bekasi Regency
� Chief of Tanjung Sari Village, North Cikarang Subdistrict
� Elected body of representative administering the local area (village Tanjung Sari)
� Chief of Environmental Control & Mining Agency, Bekasi Regency
� Chief of Police of North Cikarang Sektor (Representative)
� Gas Supplier (PGN and BBG)
� Contractor
� CDM Consultant
� Local community
The agenda of the stakeholder consultation included:
• Presentation of Project activity by PT Bekasi Power
• Analysis of CDM project and sustainable benefits by Agrinergy
• Open discussion and question and Answer session
E.2. Summary of the comments received:
>>
There were a number of comments received from the stakeholders attending the meeting. These have
been summarized below:
Table 13: Comments received from the stakeholders
Comments From
1. PT Bekasi Power is expected to conduct reforestation in the
project area and around the project location especially in critical
area, to reduce negative impact from the waste gas emission
from the power plant and also to support the Million Tree
project in Bekasi Regency.
Mr.Drs.Bambang
Sulaksana, MM (Chief of
Environmental Control &
Mining Agency, Bekasi
Regency)
2. The locals expect that the negative impact to the society will be
mitigated in regards to the construction and operation of the
Mr.Nuraedi
(Representative of
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 40
power plant. Mr Nuraedi also raised following questions:
a. Will there be any inspection conducted routinely to ensure
that the project will not generate negative impact?
b. Will the electricity generated by the power plant available
for sale to the community?
Tanjung Sari Community)
3. The authority expects that PT Bekasi Power can mitigate safety
risks in relation to the community and environment and also to
encourage the community to purse alternative dispute resolution
if there exists an issue between them and PT. Bekasi Power.
Due to its vital nature, the authority will also secure the site
professionally based on the standard security procedure.
Iptu Sawon
(Representative of Chief
of Police of North
Cikarang Sector)
4. Will the project benefit the industry and the society by
providing employment opportunity to the locals?
Edi Efendi
(Representative of
Tanjung Sari Community)
E.3. Report on how due account was taken of any comments received:
>>
Following are the responses on the comments:
Table 14: Responses on the comments
No Answers
1. PT Bekasi Power has conducted reforestation including critical areas (as much as ± 16,000
hectares) in Bekasi Region to mitigate negative impact generated from the
disposal of waste gas emission of the power plant
2. PT Bekasi Power will ensure that the negative impacts will be mitigated from the development
and operation of the power plant by applying technical expertise, such as selective usage of pipe
and implant of pipe. Aside from that, according to the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM),
the power plant project will be monitored routinely alongside with verification process. The
electricity generated by the power plant is intended for industrial purposes at Jababeka Region,
3rd
phase.
The contractor ensures that the construction and operation of the power plant will apply safety
procedures and healthy work environment. Negative impact will also be mitigated using
technical methods such as automatic shutdown mechanism, should leakage occur to the
systematically monitored device. In addition, the project will also utilize devices to monitor
waste gas emission
3. Bekasi Power is grateful for the support from the authority and also expects similar support from
all parties in order to materialize the continuity of the project
4. While generating benefit to the society by reducing Greenhouse gas emission through the usage
of a clean fuel the project will also bring social and economic benefit by increasing employment
opportunity to the community both directly and indirectly.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 41
Annex 1
CONTACT INFORMATION ON PARTICIPANTS IN THE PROJECT ACTIVITY
Organization: PT. Bekasi Power
Street/P.O.Box: Jalan Niaga RayaKav 1-4
Building: Plaza JB / Jababeka Center
City: Bekasi
State/Region: Cikarang Baru
Postfix/ZIP: 17550
Country: Indonesia
Telephone: (021) 8984 1770 /72 /73
FAX: (021) 8984 1911
E-Mail:
URL: http://www.jababeka.com
Represented by: Teguh Setiawan
Title: Managing Director
Salutation: Mr.
Last Name:
Middle Name:
First Name:
Department:
Mobile:
Direct FAX: (021) 572 7338
Direct tel: (021) 572 7337
Personal E-Mail: [email protected]
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 42
Organization: Agrinergy Pte Ltd
Street/P.O.Box: 10 Hoe Chiang Road
Building: #08-04 Keppel Towers
City: Singapore
State/Region:
Postfix/ZIP: 089315
Country: Singapore
Telephone: +65 6592 0400
FAX: +65 6592 0401
E-Mail:
URL: www.agrinergy.com
Represented by:
Title: Director
Salutation: Mr
Last Name: Atkinson
Middle Name:
First Name: Ben
Department:
Mobile:
Direct FAX: +65 6592 0401
Direct tel: +65 6592 0400
Personal E-Mail: [email protected]
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 43
Annex 2
INFORMATION REGARDING PUBLIC FUNDING
No public funds have been used in the project activity.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 44
Annex 3
BASELINE INFORMATION
Grid Emission Factors
The Operating Margin data for the most recent three years and Build Margin data for the Jawa Madura
Bali (JAMALI) Grid based on database in Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization and
approved by Ministry of Environment of Indonesia are as follows:
Average Operating Margin
Total GHG reduction in 2004, 2005, 2006 (tCO2) 243,312,048
Total net electricity produced in 2004, 2005, 2006 (MWh) 288,316,859
Average Operating Margin for the most recent three years (tCO2/MWh) 0.844
Build Margin
Total GHG reduction in 2006 (tCO2) 27,161,539
Total net electricity produced in 2006 (MWh) 28,937,555
Build Margin (tCO2/MWh) 0.937
Combined Margin
Build Margin (tCO2/MWh) (50%) 0.937
Average Operating Margin (tCO2/MWh) (50%) 0.844
Combined Margin (tCO2/MWh) 0.891
Calculation of energy efficiency of coal fird power plant
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 45
Annex 4
MONITORING INFORMATION
Monitoring Plan for CDM activity:
The general conditions set out in this monitoring plan for metering, recording, meter inspections, test &
checking; and communication shall be applicable for both electrical energy and natural gas, where
relevant and applicable. The monitoring and controls are part of Distributed Control System (DCS) of
entire plant. All monitoring and control functions are done as per the internally accepted standards and
norms.
Data for Calculation of CER:
The Emission Reductions (ERy) will be calculated based on calculations for Project Emissions (PEy);
Baseline Emissions (BEy) and Leakage (LEy)
ERy = BEy – PEy - LEy
The parameters that would be monitored for PEy are:
1. Natural Gas Consumption (FCf,NG): Based on daily meter readings for the total natural gas
consumption, archived electronically/ paper.
2. Net Calorific Value of Natural Gas (NCVf,NG): Based on fortnightly fuel supplier data , archived
electronically/ paper.
3. HSD Consumption (FCf,HSD): Based on plant records data, archived electronically/paper .
4. Net Calorific Value of HSD (NCVf,HSD): Based on fuel supplier data, archived electronically/ paper.
The parameters that would be monitored for BEy are:
5. Net Electricity Generation (EGy): Based on daily meter readings of the net electricity generated.
6. .Emission Factor based on Combined Margin (EFCM,y) for the JAMALI grid of Indonesia: Official
Information on Baseline Emission Factor in JAMALI Electricity Grid by Ministry of Environment of
Indonesia dated January 19, 200919
.
I. Monitoring for Net Electricity Generation (EGy):
Electricity supplied to PLN and grid connected private users will be metered at the point of delivery and
is therefore net of transmission losses. All data will be transmitted electronically back to a master meter
at the plant. The daily reading at the master meter will be archived electronically. Data archive will be
maintained for two years after the end of the crediting period.
The energy meter shall be tested for accuracy at least once a year against an accepted laboratory standard
meter in accordance with electricity standards by an accredited third party. The meters shall be deemed
to be working satisfactory if the errors are within specifications for meters of 0.2 accuracy class.
II. Monitoring for Natural Gas Consumption:
Natural gas is supplied by two of gas supplier companies, PGN and BBG. The natural gas consumption
metering is done by using two main meters and two check meters. The main meters are installed and
owned by the Gas Supplier and check meters are installed and owned by the project proponent. The main
meters and check meters are installed both in the gas pipeline of PGN and BBG at the gas compression
facility area. Project proponent will also install the master meter before the gas turbine to ensure that
19 http://dna-cdm.menlh.go.id/Downloads/Others/KomnasMPB_Grid_Sumatera_JAMALI_2008.pdf
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 46
total gas that coming from the two pipelines equal to gas that enter gas turbine. The meter reading are
displayed in the plant DCS and is recorded from DCS on daily basis in electronic format. The joint meter
reading indicating the natural gas consumed for the month are recorded and signed by project proponent,
PGN, and BBG at the end of each month. The joint meter readings are archived in paper form. The
metering equipment shall be maintained in accordance with relevant standards.
The natural gas meter shall be tested for accuracy once a year against an accepted laboratory standard
meter in accordance with prescribed standards. The meters shall be deemed to be working satisfactory if
the errors are within specifications of meters. The consumption registered by the main meter will hold
well as long as the error in the meters is within the permissible limits.
If the recorded reading of the main meter and the check meter differ by more than two percent in a
month, both the meters will be tested and calibrated immediately one after the other.
If any of the meter is found to be not working or faulty, the meter will be taken out of service and
calibrated / tested immediately. Calibration / test of the natural gas meters shall be done by an accredited
third party as per a reputed & relevant international standard. All the calibration certificates including
that of the master laboratory meter shall be maintained by the project participant.
III. Monitoring for Net Calorific Value of Natural Gas
The natural gas calorific value measurement shall be done using chromatograph by the gas supplier and
transmitted to project proponent. The calorific value of the gas would be provided fortnightly by the
supplier and recorded/archived electronically/paper by the project participant.. The calibration of the on
line chromatograph shall be established by certified calibration gas.
IV. Monitoring for High Speed Diesel (HSD) Consumption:
High Speed Diesel (HSD) may be used in case there is a distraction of gas supply or during emergencies.
As per the applicability of AM0029, Natural Gas should be the primary fuel. Small amounts of other star-
up or auxiliary fuels can be used, but can comprise no more than 1% of total fuel use, on energy basis.
As HSD will only be used during emergencies, the monitoring using flow meter will occur as and when
HSD is used. The amount of HSD used can be crosschecked against the supplier receipts.
V. Monitoring for Net Calorific Value of HSD:
The HSD calorific value measurement will be obtained from the suppliers. If the value from supplier is
not available then IPCC value will be used.
VI. Team for CDM Monitoring Plan Implementation:
The organization structure and division of responsibilities for implementation of CDM project activity is
described below:
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 47
Director shall be responsible for appointment of CDM team for the implementation of CDM project
activity. Any change in the CDM team composition or responsibilities shall be notified by Director.
Project proponent will outsource an independent company to do O&M (Operation and Maintenance) of
the power plant.
The Appointed (A) person shall be responsible for collecting and recording all the data as required by the
PDD and monitoring plan.
The Appointed person (B) is responsible for verifying the data collected and recorded on a day to day
basis and archiving of the data. He is also responsible for ensuring the calibration of all the instruments
are done according to the schedule and the requirement of monitoring plan.
The Appointed person (C) is responsible for the overall implementation & administration of the
monitoring plan. Conflicts, Discrepancies, Mistakes etc in relation to the monitoring plan of the CDM
project activity shall be referred to appointed person (C) for resolution and his resolution in this regard
shall be final and binding.
Note: Appointed Person (A) and (B)
might be from Independent Company,
since the O & M will done by the
Independent (Outsourcing) Company
Appointed person (C) (Project
Proponent)
- Implementation & Administration of
CDM Project Activity
- Resolution of conflicts, discrepancies
and mistakes
Appointed person (B)
- Verification of data collected
- Archiving of Data
- Monitoring Calibration Plan
Appointed person (A)
- Collecting and recording of data as
required by CDM Project Activity
Director (Project
Proponent)
- Appointed of CDM
Team
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 48
Annex 5
LEAKAGE CALCULATIONS
Leakage may result from fuel extraction, processing, liquefaction, transportation, re-gasification and
distribution of fossil fuels outside of the project boundary. This includes mainly fugitive CH4 emissions
and CO2 emissions from associated fuel combustion and flaring. Since the project activity does not use
LNG, the leakage emissions are given as follows:
yCHy LELE ,4= (6)
Where:
yCHLE ,4 Leakage emissions due to fugitive upstream CH4 emissions in the year y in tCO2
[ ] 44,,,4,,,4 CHCHupstreamBLyPJCHupstreamNGyyyCH GWPEFEGEFNCVFCLE ⋅⋅−⋅⋅= (7)
Where:
yCHLE ,4 Leakage emissions due to fugitive upstream CH4 emissions in the year y in t
CO2e
yFC Quantity of natural gas combusted in the project plant during the year y in m³
yNCV Average net calorific value of the natural gas combusted during the year y in
GJ/m³
4,, CHupstreamNGEF Emission factor for upstream fugitive methane emissions of natural gas from
production, transportation, distribution, and, in the case of LNG, liquefaction,
transportation, re-gasification and compression into a transmission or distribution
system, in t CH4 per GJ fuel supplied to final consumers
yPJEG , Electricity generation in the project plant during the year in MWh
4,, CHupstreamBLEF Emission factor for upstream fugitive methane emissions occurring in the
absence of the project activity in t CH4 per MWh electricity generation in the
project plant, as defined below:
4CHGWP Global warming potential of methane valid for the relevant commitment period
Combined Margin
∑
∑
∑
∑ ⋅
⋅+
⋅
⋅=
i
i
i
CHupstreamkki
j
j
j
CHupstreamkkj
CHupstreamBLEG
EFFF
EG
EFFF
EF
4,,,4,,,
4,, 5.05.0 (8)
Where:
4,, CHupstreamBLEF Emission factor for upstream fugitive methane emissions occurring in the
absence of the project activity in t CH4 per MWh electricity generation in the
project plant
j Plants included in the build margin
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 49
Power Plant in Build Margin
GJ/
k t fuel
GJ/ k
ltr fuel
(3) (4) (1)* (3)
PT Paiton Energi Paiton I Steam-Coal 4,437 kton 24,030.8 0.8 tCH4/kton 9,116,000 3,549.9
PT Java Power Paiton II Steam-Coal 4,273 kton 24,030.8 0.8 tCH4/kton 9,109,000 3,418.4 PT Magma Nusantara
Listrindo Wayangwindu Geothermal 922,000 - Chevron Texaco Energi
Indonesia Ltd. Darajad Geothermal 735,000 -
PT Geo Dipa Energi Dieng Geothermal 319,000 -
PT Indonesia Power Pemaron GT-Oil 61,422 kltr 36.11 0.0000041 tCH4/GJ 201,325.5 9.1 PT Cikarang Listrindo
Power Cikarang GT-Gas 4,070,300 MMBTU 4,294.57 TJ 48,000.0 0.296 tCH4/TJ 403,000 1,271.2
PT Krakatau Daya Listrik Krakatau Steam-Coal 0.836 kton 24,030.8 0.8 tCH4/kton 2,230 0.7
Muara Tawar Block 3 GT-Oil 16,294,549 MMBTU 17,192.38 TJ 48,000.0 0.0041 tCH4/TJ 1,618,000 70.5
Block 4 GT-Oil
PT Sumberenergi
Sakti Prima Cilacap Steam-Coal 764 kton 24,030.8 0.8 tCH4/kton 1,937,000 611.2
Tanjung Jati B Tanjung Jati B Steam-Coal 1,526 kton 24,030.8 0.8 tCH4/kton 3,869,000 1,220.9
Cilegon Cilegon CCGT-Gas 6,666,284 MMBTU 7,033.60 TJ 48,000.0 0.296 tCH4/TJ 742,000 2,081.9
28,973,555 12,233.82
Total electricity generation in the plants included in the build margin (EG j) = 28,973,555 MWh
(2) (1)
Quantity of fuel
combusted
(FFj,k)
Fuel TypePower Plant in
Build MarginOwner unit
Quantity of fuel
combusted
(FFj,k)
NVC
Electricity generation
(Eg)(MWh)
Emission
factor for
upstream
fugitive
methane
emissions from
production
of the fuel
(EFk,upstream,
CH4)
unit unit
Total
(FFj,k)*
(EFk,upstream,
CH4)
kjFF , Quantity of fuel type k (a coal or oil type) combusted in power plant j included
in the build margin
4,, CHupstreamkEF Emission factor for upstream fugitive methane emissions from production of the
fuel type k (a coal or oil type) in t CH4 per MJ fuel produced
jEG Electricity generation in the plant j included in the build margin in MWh/a
i Plants included in the operating margin
kiFF , Quantity of fuel type k (a coal or oil type) combusted in power plant i included
in the operating margin
iEG Electricity generation in the plant i included in the operating margin in MWh/a
Calculation of 4,, CHupstreamBLEF is shown in the table below:
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03.1.
CDM – Executive Board page 50
Power Plant in Operating Margin
GJ/
k t fuel
GJ/ k
ltr fuel
(3) (1)* (3)
IP HSD HSD 2,170,653 kilo litre 42,728.6 36.1 0.0000041 tCH4/GJ 321.329
IP MFO MFO 461,319 kilo litre 41,019.0 40.6 0.0000041 tCH4/GJ 76.808
IP IDO IDO 2,343 kilo litre 41961.0637 36.9257 0.0000041 tCH4/GJ 0.355
IP Gas Gas 48,298,358 MMBTU 50,959.60 TJ 48000 0.296 tCH4/TJ 0.296
IP Coal Coal 13,165 kton 24030.8 0.8 tCH4/kton 10531.818
PT PJB HSD HSD 1,450,468 kilo litre 42,728.6 36.1 0.0000041 tCH4/GJ 214.718
PT PJB MFO MFO 1,593,046 kilo litre 41,019.0 40.6 0.0000041 tCH4/GJ 265.236
PT PJB Gas Gas 71,160,078 MMBTU 75,081.00 TJ 48000 0.296 tCH4/TJ 22223.975
PT PJB Coal Coal 2,753 kton 24030.8 0.8 tCH4/kton 2202.207
Muara Tawar Gas Gas 16,294,549 MMBTU 17,192.38 TJ 48000 0.296 tCH4/TJ 5088.944
Tanjung Jati B Coal Coal 1,525 kton 24030.8 0.8 tCH4/kton 1220.224
Cilegon Gas Gas 4,420,921 MMBTU 4,664.51 TJ 48000 0.296 tCH4/TJ 1380.696
IPP Jatiluhur Hydro
IPP Dieng Geothermal
IPP Salak 4,5,6 Geothermal
IPP Wayang Windu Geothermal
IPP Drajat II Geothermal
IPP Cikarang gas 4,070,300 MMBTU 4,294.57 TJ 48000 0.296 tCH4/TJ 1271.194
IPP Paiton I Coal 4,437 kton 24030.8 0.8 tCH4/kton 3549.866
IPP Paiton II Coal 4,273 kton 24030.8 0.8 tCH4/kton 3418.414
IPP Krakatau Coal 0.836 kton 24030.8 0.8 tCH4/kton 0.669
IPP Cilacap Coal 764 kton 24030.8 0.8 tCH4/kton 611.243
52377.991
Total electricity generation in the plants included in the operating margin (EG i) (MWh) = 100,014,611
OwnerPower Plant in
Operating MarginFuel Type
Quantity of fuel
combusted
(FFj,k)
unit
Quantity of fuel
combusted
(FFj,k)
unit
NVC
Total
Emission
factor for
upstream
fugitive
methane
emissions from
production
unit(FFj,k)*
(EFk,upstream,CH4)
(1) (2)
4,, CHupstreamBLEF (Emission factor for upstream fugitive methane emissions occurring in the absence of
the project activity in t CH4 per MWh electricity generation in the project plant)
= 0.5 *(12,233.82 tCH4/28,973,555 MWh) + 0.5 * (52,377.99 tCH4/100,014,611MWh)
= 0.000473 tCH4/MWh
Calculation of Leakage emissions due to fugitive upstream CH4 emissions ( yCHLE ,4 )in t CO2e is shown
in this table below:
Sr.
No. Parameter Unit Symbol Value/year
1 Quantity of natural gas combusted in the project
plant G Joule yFC 7,313,509
2 Emission factor for upstream fugitive methane
emissions of natural gas t CH4 per GJ 4,, CHupstreamNGEF 0.000296
3 Electricity generation in the project plant during
the year MWh yPJEG , 943,540
4
Emission factor for upstream fugitive methane
emissions
occurring in the absence of the project activity
t CH4 per
MWh 4,, CHupstreamBLEF 0.000473
5 Global warming potential of methane 4CHGWP 21
6 Leakage emissions due to fugitive upstream
CH4 emissions = [(1)*(2)]-[(3)*(4)]*(5) t CO2 yCHLE ,4 38,592