beijing normal university 141030
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"Author Academy: Effectively Communicating your Research" presentation by Dr Jeffrey RobensTRANSCRIPT
Jeffrey Robens, PhDSenior Research Consultant
Education Group Leader
Beijing Normal University30 October 2014
download: liwenbianji.cn/BNU_2014
Author Academy: Effectively Communicating your Research
Be an effective communicator
Your goal should not only to be published, but also to be widely read/cited
Good research design
Choose the best journal
Logically organize your ideas
Navigate through peer review
Section 1
Good experimental design
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Customer ServiceAcademic PublishingResearch design What do journal editors want?
Increase impact
High quality research
Interesting to journal’s readership
Original and novel research Well-designed study
Logically organizedReal-world applications
Customer ServiceAcademic PublishingResearch design
Real-world relevance
Technical quality
Novelty
Examine risk factors in 1000 depressed students
What do journal editors want?
Customer ServiceAcademic PublishingResearch design
Real-world relevance
Technical quality
Novelty
What do journal editors want?
Compare risk factors between local and foreign depressed students
Customer ServiceAcademic PublishingResearch design Research that has impact
1. Read primary literature
2. Read reviews
3. Identify an important question
• Is the question focused?• Do you have the expertise/resources?• What is new?• How is it useful?
Customer ServiceAcademic PublishingResearch design Publication ethics
Conflicts of interest
Plagiarism
Author contribution
Data fabrication or falsification
Consequences of unethical behavior
• Unable to publish• Loss of employment
Journal selection
Section 2
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Reading StrategiesJournal selection Evaluating significance
How new are your findings?Low or high impact journalNovelty
How broadly relevant are your findings?International/regional & general/specializedRelevance
What are the important real-world applications?Appeal
Reading StrategiesJournal selectionFactors to consider
when choosing a journal
Aims & scope Readership
Open access
Which factor is most important to you?
Impact factorIndexing
Reading StrategiesJournal selection
Insert your proposed abstract
Journal Selectorwww.liwenbianji.cn/journal_selector
Reading StrategiesJournal selection
Matching journals
Filter by:• Impact factor• Publishing frequency• Open access
Journal Selectorwww.liwenbianji.cn/journal_selector
Reading StrategiesJournal selection
Journal’s aims & scope, IFand publication frequency
Are they published recently? Have you cited some of them?
Similar published articles
Journal Selectorwww.liwenbianji.cn/journal_selector
springer.com/gp/authors-editors/journal-author
Manuscript structure
Section 3
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Coverage and Staffing PlanManuscript
structureManuscript
structure Introduction
General introduction
Specific aimsAims
Current state of the field
Problem in the field
Coverage and Staffing PlanManuscript
structureManuscript
structure
Identify an important problemState aims that directly address this problem
Writing the Introduction
Problem…little has been conducted to qualitatively assess whether self-efficacy and peer influence affect the likelihood of students engaging in academic dishonesty.
Nora & Zhang Asia Pacific Educ Rev. 2010; 11: 573–584.
AimsThe purpose of this study is threefold: first, to determine the effect of peer attitudes and behaviour on the likelihood of cheating; secondly, to establish the significance of self-efficacy in promoting academic integrity; lastly, to ascertain effective ways of deterring academic dishonesty.
Coverage and Staffing PlanManuscript
structureManuscript
structure Methods
How it was done
Methodology/analysesMeasures and outcomes
Quantification methodsStatistical tests
Who/what was used
ParticipantsInstruments
Data collection
How it was analyzed
Study design
Consult a statistician
Coverage and Staffing PlanManuscript
structureManuscript
structure Results
1. Initial observation2. Characterization3. Application
Logical presentation
Example:1. Observe a correlation between depression and
Internet use2. Characterize the severity of depression, time spent
online, websites visited3. Demonstrate decreased Internet use improves
severity of depression
Coverage and Staffing PlanManuscript
structureManuscript
structure Results
1. Initial observation2. Characterization3. Application
Each subsection corresponds to
one figure
What you found, not what it means
Logical presentation
Subsections
Factual description
Coverage and Staffing PlanManuscript
structureManuscript
structure Discussion
Summary of findings
Relevance of findings
Implications for the field
Similarities/differencesUnexpected resultsCounter-argumentsLimitations
Coverage and Staffing PlanManuscript
structureManuscript
structure Discussion – the end
The Spanish version of AIDA showed good psychometric properties in Mexico and can be used to assess the construct “pathology-related identity integration vs. diffusion” with reliability, validity, and content equivalence in comparison with the original AIDA questionnaire. This finding supports the cross-cultural generalizability of the underlying concept and confirms the importance of culture-specific test adaption in addition to literal translation of the questionnaire. Nevertheless, some items should be improved. Therefore, the test version of “AIDA Spanish – Mexico” should be further adapted and should be tested in a more heterogeneous population.
Conclusion
Implications
Future directions
Why your work is important to your readers
Kassin et al. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2013; 7: 25.
Coverage and Staffing PlanManuscript
structureManuscript
structure Linking your ideas
General background
Objectives
Methodology
Results and figures
Summary of findings
Implications for the field
Relevance of findings
Problems in the field
Logically link your ideas throughout your manuscript
Current state of the fieldIntroduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
Coverage and Staffing PlanManuscript
structureManuscript
structure Linking your ideas
…no research has examined how interacting with Facebook influences subjective well-being over time.
We addressed this issue by…measuring in-vivo behavior and psychological experience over time.
These analyses indicated that Facebook use predicts declines in…subjective well-being…
Problem
Objectives
Conclusion
Discussion
Introduction
Kross et al. PLoS ONE 2013; 8: e69841.
Coverage and Staffing PlanManuscript
structureManuscript
structure Abstracts
First impression of your paper
Importance of your results
Validity of your conclusions
Relevance of your aims
Judge your writing style
Probably only part that will be read
Coverage and Staffing PlanManuscript
structureManuscript
structureSections of an abstract
Aims
Background
Methods
Results
Conclusion
Why the study was done
Your hypothesis
Analyses
Most important findings
Conclusion/implications
Concise summary of your research
Coverage and Staffing PlanManuscript
structureManuscript
structureUnstructured abstract
Political thought and behavior play an important role in our lives, from ethnic tensions in Europe, to the war in Iraq and the Middle Eastern conflict, to parliamentary and presidential elections. However, little is known about how the individual's political attitudes and decisions are shaped by subtle national cues that are so prevalent in our environment. We report a series of experiments that show that subliminal exposure to one's national flag influences political attitudes, intentions, and decisions, both in laboratory settings and in “real-life” behavior. Furthermore, this manipulation consistently narrowed the gap between those who score high vs. low on a scale of identification with Israeli nationalism. The first two experiments examined participants' stance toward the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and the Jewish settlers in the West Bank. Experiment 3 examined voting intentions and actual voting in Israel's recently held general elections. The results portray a consistent picture: subtle reminders of one's nationality significantly influence political thought and overt political behavior.
Hassin et al. PNAS. 2007; 104: 19757‒19761.
Coverage and Staffing PlanManuscript
structureManuscript
structureUnstructured abstract
ConclusionThe results portray a consistent picture: subtle reminders of one's nationality significantly influence political thought and overt political behavior.
Results
Furthermore, this manipulation consistently narrowed the gap between those who score high vs. low on a scale of identification with Israeli nationalism. The first two experiments examined participants' stance toward the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and the Jewish settlers in the West Bank. Experiment 3 examined voting intentions and actual voting in Israel's recently held general elections.
MethodsWe report a series of experiments that show that subliminal exposure to one's national flag influences political attitudes, intentions, and decisions, both in laboratory settings and in “real-life” behavior.
Background
Political thought and behavior play an important role in our lives, from ethnic tensions in Europe, to the war in Iraq and the Middle Eastern conflict, to parliamentary and presidential elections. However, little is known about how the individual's political attitudes and decisions are shaped by subtle national cues that are so prevalent in our environment.
Hassin et al. PNAS. 2007; 104: 19757‒19761.
Peer review
Section 4
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Peer review What reviewers are looking for
The study
The manuscript
Relevant hypothesis Good study design Appropriate methodology Good data analyses Valid conclusions
Logical flow of information Manuscript structure and formatting Appropriate references High readability
Peer review Agreeing with reviewers
Agreement
RevisionsLocation
Reviewer Comment: In your analysis of the data you have chosen to use a somewhat obscure fitting function (regression). In my opinion, a simple Gaussian function would have sufficed. Moreover, the results would be more instructive and easier to compare to previous results.
Response: We agree with the reviewer’s assessment of the analysis. Our tailored function, in its current form, makes it difficult to tell that this measurement constitutes a significant improvement over previously reported values. We describe our new analysis using a Gaussian fitting function in our revised Results section (Page 6, Lines 12–18).
Peer review
Reviewer Comment: In your analysis of the data you have chosen to use a somewhat obscure fitting function (regression). In my opinion, a simple Gaussian function would have sufficed. Moreover, the results would be more instructive and easier to compare to previous results.
Response: Although a simple Gaussian fit would facilitate comparison with the results of other studies, our tailored function allows for the analysis of the data in terms of the Smith model [Smith et al., 1998]. We have now explained the use of this function and the Smith model in our revised Discussion section (Page 12, Lines 2–6).
Evidence
Revisions
Location
Disagreeing with reviewers
Peer review
Reviewer comment: Currently, the authors’ conclusion that this questionnaire is appropriate for cross-cultural analyses is not completely valid because their participants all resided in China. They should also show the questionnaire’s validity in participants living in other countries.
“Unfair” reviewer
comments
Reasons why reviewers might make these comments Current results are not appropriate for the scope or the
impact factor of the journal
Reviewer is being “unfair”
Peer review
What you should do
First, contact the journal editor if you feel reviewer is being unfair
Do the experiments, revise, and resubmit
Withdraw submission and resubmit current manuscript to a lower impact factor journal
“Unfair” comments
Be an effective communicator
Your goal should not only to be published, but also to be widely read/cited
Good research design
Choose the best journal
Logically organize your ideas
Navigate through peer review
谢谢!
Any questions?
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Jeffrey Robens: [email protected]
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