behavioral detection and other practices for protecting...
TRANSCRIPT
Behavioral Detection and Other Practices for Protecting Retail from
TerrorismDoug Reynolds, Mall of AmericaMichael Rozin, Mall of America
Eric White, SACLoss, LLC
New York, USA
Madrid, Spain
London, UK
Mumbai, India
Moscow, Russia
Oslo, Norway
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Adam Gadahn:
“ The fact is, the heroic Fort Hood operation opens up a host of new opportunities…“
“ We must look to further undermine the West's already-struggling economies with carefully timed-and-targeted attacks on symbols of capitalism which will again shake consumer confidence and stifle spending aspects of the Western Crusader culture….”
“ And Brother Nidal didn't unnecessarily raise his security profile or waste money better spent on the operation itself by traveling abroad to acquire skills and instructions which could easily be
acquired at home, or indeed, deduced by using one's own powers of logic and reasoning….
1. Simple Attacks
2. Act Individually
3. Don’t Travel Overseas
4. Choose Easy Targets 3
Six Issues of Inspire Magazine Objectives:
A) Motivational = Create Intent, Justify Violence
B) Operational = Provide ideas for simple yet effective attacks: Indiscriminate Shooting “Ultimate Mowing Machine” Simple IED – How to make TATP
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UK, Terrorist Cell – 2010- Nine men arrested in Britain on terrorism
charges- They found inspiration and bomb-making
instructions in an Inspire magazine
Fort Hood Plot – Nasser Abdo- Materials found in Abdo’s possession
matched exactly to the ingredients outlined in the Inspire’s article: “Making a Bomb in the Kitchen of Your Mom”
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• May 20, 2009 - Four Muslim converts were arrested in New York for plotting to bomb two Jewish synagogues and shoot down a military aircraft. The suspects were James Cromitie, David Williams, Onta Williams and Laguerre Payen.
• June 1, 2009 – Carlos Bledsoe aka., “Abdul Muhammad” carried out a deadly shooting at a recruiting station in Little Rock, Arkansas. One soldier was killed and one was injured.
• July 28, 2009 – The FBI arrested seven men in North Carolina as a part of a terrorist conspiracy to wage an Islamic holy war overseas. All seven had received paramilitary training within the US.
• September 19, 2009 – Authorities arrested Najibullah Zazi on terrorism charges. FBI assessment: Zazi’s plot was one of the most serious terror plots since 9/11.
• September 24, 2009 - FBI arrested Hosam Maher Husein Smadi, a Jordanian citizen, after he allegedly placed and attempted to activate a Vehicle Born Improvised Explosive Device (VBIED) in downtown Dallas. Smadi was charged with “attempting to use a weapon of mass destruction”.
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• September 24, 2009 – Michael C. Finton (aka, Talib Islam) was arrested by the FBI on charges of attempted murder of federal employees and attempted use of a WMD in connection with a plot to detonate a VBIED in Springfiled, Ill.
• October 21, 2009 – Tarek Mehanna, from Sudbury, MA was arrested on accusations of conspiring with Ahmad Abousamra and others to obtain automatic weapons needed to carry out a shopping mall ambush in which they planned to open fire at US shopping centers.
• November 5, 2009 – Malik Nadal Hasan opened fire at a military processing center in Fort Hood, Texas killing 13 soldiers and wounding 31.
• December 25, 2009 – A Nigerian national, Abdul Farouk Abdulmutallab, attempted to detonate a person-borne improvised explosive device (PBIED) on Northwest Airlines (NWA) flight 253 from Amsterdam to Detroit.
• January 8, 2010 - Adis Medunjanin and Zarein Ahmedzay were arrested in connection with Najibullah Zazi. 7
• March 9, 2010 - A federal indictment was unsealed against Colleen R. LaRose (Jihad Jane) for her involvement in a plot to carry out murder. She is a US-born, Caucasian, female, convert to Islam
• May 1, 2010 - Faisal Shahzad a U.S. naturalized citizen of Pakistani origin drove a Nissan Pathfinder loaded with gasoline, propane, fireworks and fertilizer into Times Square and attempted to use it as a VBIED.
• May 26, 2010 - Wesam El-Hanafi, a US citizen, charged with conspiring to provide support to al-Qaeda and creating his “own mini-terror cell” in the state of New York.
• June 6, 2010 - Mohamed Mahmood Alessa and Carlos Eduardo Almonte, both of New Jersey, were charged with conspiring to kill or injure persons outside the United States. Both are US citizens.
• September 19, 2010 - Sami Samir Hassoun was arrested early Sunday morning, immediately after placing a backpack which he thought contained an explosive device into a curbside trash receptacle near a Sluggers’ Sports Bar downtown Chicago.
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• October 27, 2010 - Farooque Ahmed, a US Citizen, was arrested on charges of plotting to carry out multiple bombing attacks on the Metrorail mass transit system that serves the Washington, D.C. area.
• November 26, 2010 - Mohamed Osman Mohamud, 19, a naturalized U.S. citizen from Somalia was arrested by the FBI and Portland Police after he attempted to detonate what he believed to be an explosives-laden van that was parked near the tree lighting ceremony in Portland’s Pioneer Courthouse Square.
• December 7, 2010 - AwaisYounis ,26, U.S. citizen was arrested by FBI after he allegedly said he was going to set off bombs on the D.C. Metro System. FBI was alerted to threats by an informant before as a plot was developing. according to the Washington Examiner. Younis said he could also put a bomb under a sewer head in Georgetown to "produce the greatest number of casualties”.
• December 8, 2010 - Antonio Martinez, 21, a naturalized U.S. citizen was arrested by FBI after he attempted to blow up a military recruiting center in Catonsville, Maryland. Martinez faces charges of attempted murder of federal officers and attempted use of a weapon of mass destruction.9
• February 23, 2011 - Khalid Ali-M Aldawsari, 20, a Saudi Arabian national was arrested in Lubbock, Texas on the federal charge of attempted use of a weapon of mass destruction. Potential targets may have included the residence of former President George W. Bush as well as a number of vital infrastructure locations.
• March 3, 2011 – Mohamed Mahmood Alessa, 21, US citizen and Carlos Eduardo Almonte, 24, Naturalized US citizen entered into a packaged plea deal in a Newark federal courtroom Thursday. They admitted to conspiring to kill, maim and kidnap persons outside the United States by trying to join al-Shabab, a designated terrorist organization.
• April 20, 2011 - The perpetrator placed a pipe bomb with two propane tanks in the food court of the Southwest Plaza Mall, in Littleton, Colorado intending to kill and injure a high number of shoppers.
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May 11, 2011 - Mohammad Mamdouh, 20, of Moroccan descent, and Ahmed Ferhani, 26, of Algerian descent were arrested in Midtown Manhattan in a sting operation by the NYPD Intelligence Division. The two were allegedly planning to target a synagogue, churches in NYC and the Empire State Building.
June 22, 2011 - Abu Khalid Abdul-Latif, a.k.a. Joseph Anthony Davis, 33, from Seattle, Washington and Walli Mujahidh, a.k.a. Frederick Domingue, Jr., 32, from Los Angeles, California were arrested on allegations of plotting to carry a terrorist attack, involving shooting at military personnel in Seattle, WA.
July 27, 2011 - Naser Jason Abdo, 21, an AWOL U.S. Army soldier, was arrested on allegations of preparing to attack military personnel stationed at Ft. Hood military base. Gunpowder, ammunition, and other items commonly used in the production of improvised explosive devices were found in Abdo’s hotel room.
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Satisfy terrorists’ desire for attention Sudden decline in consumer activity Slowdown in the global supply network Damage to brand Destruction of property Injuries, death
EW
Harden the target Improve communication Identify and prioritize risks Continue to build response capabilities
EW
Advocate internally - don’t overreact Accept the likelihood at the appropriate level Use skills like Analytical Risk Management inside
of Enterprise Risk Management programs Become world-class public relations experts Influence critical risks, prevent catastrophic risks Have a resiliency plan
EW
4.2 million square feet Annual economic impact of 1.8 billion USD Approximately 520 tenants; 50 restaurants 42 million visitors annually Attractions: amusement park, aquarium, and
numerous celebrity appearances Expansion planned
DR
Places of mass gatherings Government facilities Tourist locations Religious institutions Shopping malls Transportation Economic Symbolic
Source: Institute For Counter-Terrorism (ICT), Herzliya, Israel
60K for a 5K
DR
Person with Harmful Intentions
Means of Attack
MR
Pre-Incident Cycle
TERRORIST ATTACK
IntelligenceSecurity
Law Enforcement
Timeline
6 Months – 9 Years 10 Minutes - 72 Hours
Response
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Traditional Security approach is to attempt to locate the means of attack. However…
MR
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Kozo Okamoto
MR
May 30, 1972 – Lod Airport Massacre
26 people killed and 78 injured
In the early 80’s Israeli Intelligence Services developed the concept of Behavior Detection
Detect harmful intentions vs. means only Uncovering Aggressors' Illegitimate Profile /
Cover Story Allows a trained eye to detect psychological
reactions to pressure and stress and signs of pre-attack preparations.
MR
April 17, 1986 Ann Marie-Murphy 32-year-old pregnant Irish woman Hidden inside her suitcase: 2kg of
SEMTEX explosive material and a timing mechanism within a calculator
MR
Risk Assessment and Mitigation
Mission Statement:Minimize the damage and potential for
occurrence of a terrorist attack on Mall of America property.
That is their sole purpose.
DR
RAM unit is only one of several circles of security at Mall of America – including other
officers, departments and tenants
DR
Protected Environment
Physical SecurityAccess ControlNon Security Personnel Perimeter Security
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Intelligence Information
BEHAVIOR DETECTION
Identifying Possible Aggressors Methods of Operation (AMOs) at MOA
Focusing on Intentions vs. Means (only) Working “Clandestine” – Visually Undercover Using Covert and Overt Elicitation Techniques Applying Security Interviewing Technique Constant “Red Teaming”
MR
› Mall of America
› EL AL Airlines
› Ben Gurion International Airport
MR
0:00:15 sec 0:10-15 min 0:10-20 min
MR
AMO
Behavior & Appearance
Means
Suspicious Actions
Documents
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Security Interviewing is an exchange of questions and answers between a Security/LE officer and a Suspicious
Person that is focused on confirming or refuting suspicious indicators.
MR
Threat vs. Risk
Suspicion vs. Threat
IF THERE IS A DOUBT, THERE IS NO DOUBT
MR
Threat is Constant while Risk is Variable
Suspicion is a Threat until Refuted
Change from norms Financial restrictions Public/media ridicule Misperception of program’s intent Lack of law enforcement support Belief that it “can’t happen here” Elitist perception with internal staff
DR
Technologies Human resources Retail competencies Investment in IP Technology
Leverage LP competencies and programs:
EW
People Vehicles Objects
MR
Address immediate danger Notify law enforcement Establish clear criteria and prepare to
move to the next step Proper follow-up
Follow Standard Operating Procedures when responding to a potential threat:
EW
Protect lives/property/brand Help prevent terrorist attacks against the U.S. Reduce overall crime problems Build relationships/collaboration with law
enforcement Potential reduction in terrorism insurance rates
DR
You can protect your facility Don’t sharpen the knife after the fight Terrorism is a relevant risk in retail By leveraging current resources and
capabilities, can mitigate the risk significantly
EW
Doug Reynolds, Mall of [email protected]
(952) 883.8882
Michael Rozin, Mall of [email protected]
(952) 883.8486
Eric White, SACLoss, [email protected]
(404) 452.4946
Doug Reynolds has extensive experience in security with a background with the United States military. At the Mall of America, Doug and his staff are responsible for working with the Bloomington Police Department on site as well as other local ,state and federal authorities for the security and protection of regular visitors and celebrities or VIP’s that visit the Mall. Doug directs a staff of approximately 150 officers in the 24-hour operation responsible for the 4.2 million square feet that constitutes Mall of America. On-site, Mall of America also has a full-time counter-terrorism unit that specializes in behavior detection as well as three explosive detection dog teams.
Michael Rozin served as a Sergeant in a specialized infantry unit in Israeli Defense Forces. After his military service he joined the Israeli Airport Authority as a specialized security agent at Ben-Gurion International Airport in Tel-Aviv. In the USA Michael Rozin has been employed by Mall of America (MOA) as the Special Operations Security Captain as part of MOA Security Department. In this capacity he has developed, implemented and managed a behavior detection unit and variety of additional innovative security programs focused on mitigating the threat of terrorism. Mr. Rozin’s programs have achieved results with national and international magnitude. Mr. Rozin is a graduate of the Institute for Counter-Terrorism in the Interdisciplinary Center in Hertzliya, Israel where he attended a Masters Level Executive Counter-Terrorism Studies program.
Eric C. White is a recognized expert in loss prevention, homeland security, global retail asset protection, crisis management, executive protection and corporate security. White joined Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. as an In-Store Loss Prevention Associate and was promoted seven times during his 17-year career with the retail giant. In 2010, he was named Chair of the American Board for Certification in Homeland Security (ABCHS) and also serves as a Faculty Instructor. White has served in law enforcement, including the Benton County (Arkansas) Sheriff’s Office, where he attained the rank of major. White holds a Bachelor's degree in Criminology from the Northern Illinois University and a Graduate Certificate in International Security Management from Georgetown University’s School of Continuing Studies.
Threat Detection and Reaction by Retail Staff (Point of Sale) -https://connect.hsin.gov/p21849699/
DHS Retail Video: "What's in Store - Ordinary People/Extraordinary Events“ - http://www.dhs.gov/multimedia/dhs_retail_video.wmv