behavior in an organization
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ORGANIZATIONORGANIZATION
BEHAVIOUR BEHAVIOUR
UNITUNIT -- 11
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Concept and MeaningConcept and Meaning
�� ´ Organization Behavior is the study and´ Organization Behavior is the study and
application of knowledge about how people actapplication of knowledge about how people act
within an organization.µ within an organization.µ
�� The organizational structure has a significant The organizational structure has a significant
place in shaping the behavior of people.place in shaping the behavior of people.
�� The behavior of people at work depends on The behavior of people at work depends on
numerous factors such as technology, structure,numerous factors such as technology, structure,
group and social set up.group and social set up.
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There There areare asas many many definitionsdefinitions aboutabout
organizationalorganizational behaviorbehavior asas therethere areare authorsauthors onon
thethe subjectsubject..
�� OO..BB.. isis thethe study study of of humanhuman behaviorbehavior inin
organizationsorganizations..
�� KnowledgeKnowledge aboutabout humanhuman behaviorbehavior would would bebe
usefuluseful inin improving improving anan ,, organization·sorganization·s
effectivenesseffectiveness..
�� OrganizationalOrganizational BehaviorBehavior isis thethe study study of of organizationalorganizational componentscomponents andand theirtheir impactimpact onon
humanhuman behaviorbehavior andand organizationalorganizational
performanceperformance..
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Fundamental Concepts:Fundamental Concepts:--
Coming to Organizational behavior, the basicComing to Organizational behavior, the basicassumptions distinct to the discipline areassumptions distinct to the discipline are--
�� There are differences between individuals. There are differences between individuals.
�� A whole person. A whole person.
�� Behavior of an individual is caused.Behavior of an individual is caused.
�� An individual has dignity. An individual has dignity.
�� Organization is social system.Organization is social system.
�� Mutual of interest among organizational members.Mutual of interest among organizational members.
�� Holistic Organizational behavior.Holistic Organizational behavior.
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Goals ofGoals ofOrganizational BehaviorOrganizational Behavior
PredictionPrediction
PredictionPrediction ControlControl
ControlControlEx planationEx planation
Ex planationEx planation
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K ey elements in OBK ey elements in OB
Task and Technology
GroupsIndividuals
Organizational
design
Environment
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Features of Organizational Beha viorFeatures of Organizational Beha vior
IndividualIndividual
�� Work in organization to satisfy their needs, ego and experiences. Work in organization to satisfy their needs, ego and experiences.
�� Depends upon psychology and sociology etc.Depends upon psychology and sociology etc.
�� Study of these factors help management to mould and modify Study of these factors help management to mould and modify the behavior of employees for achieving organizationalthe behavior of employees for achieving organizational
objective.objective.
GroupGroup
�� Formal and informal, small and large etc .Formal and informal, small and large etc .�� Synergy is observedSynergy is observed
�� Study of anthropology and sociology is helpful.Study of anthropology and sociology is helpful.
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StructureStructure
�� Formal relationships of people.Formal relationships of people.
�� Hierarchy for effectively coordinated and controlledHierarchy for effectively coordinated and controlled
�� On the basis of formalized policies, procedures,On the basis of formalized policies, procedures,
authority and responsibility.authority and responsibility. Technology Technology
�� Significant influence on work Significant influence on work
�� A way to get satisfaction at work A way to get satisfaction at work �� Interpersonal roles, informational roles and managerialInterpersonal roles, informational roles and managerial
functions are improved with the use of technology functions are improved with the use of technology
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EnvironmentEnvironment
Internal and external environmentInternal and external environment
Influence the work behavior, relationships and use of Influence the work behavior, relationships and use of
authority and responsibility authority and responsibility
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FoundationsFoundations
�� Psychology Psychology
�� Sociology Sociology
�� Anthropology Anthropology
�� Political Behavior: principles for delegation of authority Political Behavior: principles for delegation of authority
and responsibility.and responsibility.
�� Economics: wage rate, working hours, and working Economics: wage rate, working hours, and working
conditionsconditions�� Science: scientific methodScience: scientific method
�� Research: job satisfaction, productivity, stress etc.Research: job satisfaction, productivity, stress etc.
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Contributing disciplines of OBContributing disciplines of OB
�� Psychology Psychology
�� Sociology Sociology
�� Anthropology Anthropology �� Social psychology Social psychology
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Contributing Disciplines to the Contributing Disciplines to the
OBF
ieldOBF
ield
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Contributing Disciplines to the Contributing Disciplines to the
OBF
ield (cont·d)OBF
ield (cont·d)
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Contributing Disciplines to the Contributing Disciplines to the
OBF
ield (cont·d)OBF
ield (cont·d)
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Contributing Disciplines to the Contributing Disciplines to the
OBF
ield (cont·d)OBF
ield (cont·d)
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LIMITATIONS OF OBLIMITATIONS OF OB
11-- Unethical manipulation of peopleUnethical manipulation of people
22-- Seeking quick fixesSeeking quick fixes
33-- Law of diminishing returnsLaw of diminishing returns
44-- Varying environment Varying environment
55-- No single definitionNo single definition
66-- Behavioral biasBehavioral bias
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MODELS OF OBMODELS OF OB
�� Autocratic model Autocratic model ² ² works on the principle of works on the principle of
Authority (power) Authority (power)
�� Custodial modelCustodial model ² ² concentrates on economicconcentrates on economicResourcesResources
�� Supportive modelSupportive model ² ² based on leadershipbased on leadership
�� Collegial modelCollegial model ² ² on partnership (team work)on partnership (team work)�� System modelSystem model ² ² trust and community trust and community
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Beha vior processBeha vior processEnvironmental
Factor
Individual
Dimensions
Organizational
Design and
Process
Job design
Group and
Inter Group Dimension
Motiv ation
R ew ard system
Performance
leadership
Organizational
Change and
Development
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