bed bug presentation - illinois association of community action

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KNOW YOUR ENEMY- Common Bed Bug

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Bed Bugs Shut Down Shelter in VT

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Source: http://www.wcax.com/story/22960403/bedbugs-shut-down-bennington-homeless-shelter

Bed Bugs at Shelter in KY

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Source: http://www.wpsdlocal6.com/news/local/Bed-bugs-breaking-the-bank-at-homeless-shelter-215177181.html

Bed Bugs Close Shelter in CA

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Source: http://www.google.com/#fp=6fda5af99f858923&q=san+luis+obispo

Bed Bugs Infest Shelter in WI

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Source: http://www.wisn.com/news/south-east-wisconsin/racine-kenosha/bedbugs-biting-women-at-racine-homless-shelter/-/10151828/20198914/-/y0x0t7/-/index.html

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Toronto Bed Bug Homeless Shelter Study (2005)

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20 of 65 (31%) homeless shelters reported previous or current bed bug infestations Staff became aware of bed bugs by: Resident complaints (94%, n=17) Visual sightings (82%) Bite marks on residents (76%)

Total cost for bed bug control: US $50-15,000/yr Mean of $3,085/shelter/yr Underestimate by today’s prevalence & costs

Study results suggest bed bugs spread from shelter to shelter via residents.

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Source: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/11/4/pdfs/04-1126.pdf

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VA Shelter Improper Reactions to Bed Bugs

Shelter A paid $10,000 for BB control Shelter B closed when infested & only re‐opened when eliminated Shelter C tosses all furniture & replaced it.

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Source: http://www.vdacs.virginia.gov/pesticides/pdffiles/bb-shelters1.pdf

Sheffield Univ.

Aggregate. Active at night. Attracted to CO2 exhaled. Attracted to body

temperature. “Prefer” humans. Travel 15-20 ft. Feed every few days. Often void part of previous

meal while feeding. Feeds on host blood for 3-

10 minutes then runs away.

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WHY ARE PROBLEMS SO DIFFICULT?

• Female lays 250‐500 eggs, 5‐10 at a time, scattered

• Eggs take 8‐9 days to hatch• Molt 5 times & all feed on blood

• Can live for long periods without feeding (= vacating room does NOT get rid of them!)

• Resistance to common chemicals

• Our lack of understanding

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Clothing Furniture

Electronics Baggage

Public PlacesSource: Erik Foster, Mich. Dept. Comm. Health

What are the health risks?Bites

O Reactions to bites may vary widely

O The most common symptom is itchy welts

Secondary InfectionO Scratching welts may

cause infection

PsychologicalO Anxiety and unhealthy

stressO SleeplessnessO Phantom Itching

Anemia has been reported in children and older adults who have been severely bitten

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Bed bugs and stressO Bed bug infestations may

cause severe stress and anxietyO Loss of sleepO Decreased work productivityO Stressors to social

relationshipsO Economic hardship

O The stresses of bed bug infestations may lead people to dangerous activities that may harm themselves

Source: Erik Foster, Mich. Dept. Comm. Health

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Bed Bug Detection

CARLA WAGNERCanine Inspection and Detection

Services

Early Detection is CriticalMajority of bed bugs are associated with sleeping

areas & upholstered furniture during the early stages

Low level infestations can typically be eliminated easily & inexpensively!

© Copyright Bed Bug Central

© Copyright BedBug Central 2011

A visual inspection is essential to: determine the extent of the infestation. determine the condition of the unit in order to plan a site-

specific treatment. determine preparation needs and steps.

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Bed bug evidenceHuman bloodstains

Bites

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Live bed bugs of all sizes (poppy seed to apple seed size)

Droppings (fecal spots)dark, rusty colored

Blood stains from crushed bugs Shed skins Eggs and eggshells, found among

droppings or in crevices where adults hide

An offensive, sweet, musty order from the bed bug scent glands in heavy infestations.

Confirm that what you find is a bed bug.

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Strong pocket flashlight Magnifying glass Tweezers & vial or Plastic zip-top bags A probe, for check in narrow spaces Compressed air for electrical equipment Small tool kit for disassembling furniture Screwdrivers Alcohol or baby wipes Cotton swabs Duct tape Mirror

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Where/how to look


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Use alcohol or baby wipes to rub suspected bed bug droppings. If spots dissolve into a reddish brown color, this could indicate bed bug droppings and should be a reason to continue inspecting until a live bed bug is found.

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Turn over box spring; remove thin cloth layer on underside. Use a flashlight, hand lens & crevice tool to check the spaces between box spring frame parts. Look around & beneath furniture staples and tacks.

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Dogs properly trained and certified arerecognized in court as scientific instruments

A University of Florida study demonstrated canines averaged a 97% accuracy rate in detecting the presence of live bed bugs and viable eggs in a controlled hotel room experiment.

The study determined visual inspections are estimated to be between 17 to 30% accurate.

Canines can thoroughly inspect typical rooms in minutes, without much disruption

Properly trained canines will alert only to the odor presence of live bugs—will not be influenced by old/past evidence

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Not all canine teams are created equal Third party certification of teams is a must On-going training of teams is critical Companies should have multiple certified teams—

even dogs get sick occasionally Interview potential canine companies—ask for a

demo and references Companies must be professional—have adequate

insurance, bonded, licensed where applicable

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Interview Visual inspection Sticky traps Interceptors Dry ice-baited trap Detection dogs

Intent: Identify the presence of a bed bug infestation.

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Pitfall/moat traps› Climb up interceptor› BB Stop pitfall

Sticky traps› Glue boards› Bed bug barrier tape› Buggy Beds

Harborage traps› BB alert› Packtite passive

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Heat› BB Alert Active› Silvatronic Bug Dome

CO2› Bed Bug Beacon› Dry Ice Traps

Pheromone› Bird X Bed Bug Alert

Combination› Nightwatch Monitor› Verify Bed Bug Detector› CDC 3000

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There is a wide variety of detection and monitoring devices

Not all efficacy claims have been scientifically proven

Combination approach is ideal

The more active the detection approach is, the more accurate it will be

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CLIMBUP Insect Interceptor Serves for monitoring & barrier!! Talcum powder (or DE dust) applied to walls of moat

causes bed bugs to slip and fall in, where they remain trapped.

These devices: › help confirm complete BB elimination;› show where bed bugs are coming from (an inner and

outer moat shows whether the bed bugs came from the floor or the bed);

› detect an infestation early on; › reassure that bed bugs won’t get on your bed.

Eliminate “bridges” from the floor to the mattress (such as a blanket, bed skirt, or headboard touching the wall). S

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Photo: L. Garling, PA St Univ

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Bed Bug Control

JOEL DANIELSONHetta Solutions

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Got bed bugs? Now what?

If found and controlled early in the infestation, the spread of bed bugs can be stopped. The first responses should be to:

Report the problem – call for helpNot throw the mattress out—cover itNot spray—leave this to the PMPPrevent carrying the bed bugs to other placesPrepare the unit for the PMPHire Pest Management Professional (PMP)

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Bed Bug IPM Control Methodsfor the residents

1. Nonchemical› Install bed encasements› Wash laundry and treat items in hot dryer› Isolate items in plastic containers & bags, and treat› Vacuum regularly, seal bags & dispose› Seal cracks where bed bugs may hide› Clutter removal › Discard very badly infested furniture› Install metal (not wood) bed frames› Portable Hot Boxes

2. Chemicals: Pesticides › Diatomaceous Earth, liquid sprays

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Bed Bug IPM Control Methodsfor Pest Professionals

1. Nonchemical– Whole room heating above 120– Heat Steam Treatments– Freezing (liquid carbon dioxide)– Vacuum (HEPA filters)

2. Chemicals: Pesticides – Diatomaceous Earth, liquid sprays

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Make your bed an island to decrease bites!

Move bed away from wall

Clean bed frame and headboard/footboard

Zippered encasements on mattress AND box spring

Cups under legs of bed

Freshly washed bedding that doesn’t hang onto the floorS

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MattressSafe Natl.

Allergy(Elegance) Clean

Rest

Protect-A-Bed®

Natl.Allergy(Classic)

BedWetting Direct

Video of Complete Study: www.bedbugcentral.com

Mattress Encasements

© Copyright BedBug Central 2011

Physical removal of bed bugs

• The vacuum can be your best friend!– Use a brush or crevice attachment with a scraping motion to dislodge bed bugs or eggs

– You can use a knee‐high stocking to catch bed bugs in the vacuum hose before they go into the bag or canister

– Dispose of the vacuum bag or the canister contents in a sealed plastic bag outside!


Laundering• Laundering probably the best bed bug control method.

• Bag items to keep ‘infested’ items separate from clean items.

• Wash & dry on highest heat that the fabric can stand for 60 minutes.

• Either use dissolvable bags, or seal & throw away used plastic bags.

• Put ‘clean’ items in new bags to protect them until the bed bugs are gone. (Do not bring ‘clean’ items back into an infested room.) 44

DRYERS

• Clothing and linens do not have to be washed• 20‐30 minutes on high heat for most items

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Cryonite / Rapid Freeze

• Cryonite system – shoots dry iceflakes into bed bug harborages

• Temperature: ‐98oF• Contact treatment only

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Steam

160 – 180 oF immediately after steam unit has treated area.

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Area-Wide Heat Treatments

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Univ. Florida Heat Box Instructions

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Bed + etc

Foam insulation

Fan

FanFoam insulation

Foam insulation

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Ineffective Heat Alternatives

Increasing heat in the infested area with a thermostat will not kill bedbugs.☺ Cannot achieve high heat throughout to work

Putting Items in black plastic bags and leaving them in the sun or in a hot car for a day.☺May work on small items, such as shoes, or a few books, however bed bugs need to be exposed to temperatures above 100°F for an extended period of time to be killed.

Misusing home propane space heaters or fireplace☺ Home fires happen, but bed bugs will be gone!

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Chemicals • Pesticide must HIT the bed bug to kill it ( but do you know where they are??)

• Resistance is common• May not be effective against

eggs• 7-10 days later you

may see new bugsTHUS• Results w. chemicals can be

disappointing• Chemicals = no substitute

for thorough inspection• Try to avoid chemical

treatments of mattresses (too much exposure of people to toxins)

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SD PMP Recert. Training Web Conf. Nov. 5, 2009 54

• Bed bug control can only be maintained though a comprehensive( IPM) treatment strategy that incorporates a variety of techniques and vigilant monitoring.

• Proper use of pesticides may be one component of the strategy, but may not eliminate bed bugs alone.

• In addition, bed bug have developed resistance to many pesticides.• If you’re dealing with a highly resistant population, some products

and application methods may only serve to make the problem worse.

• Bed bug control can only be maintained though a comprehensive( IPM) treatment strategy that incorporates a variety of techniques and vigilant monitoring.

• Proper use of pesticides may be one component of the strategy, but may not eliminate bed bugs alone.

• In addition, bed bug have developed resistance to many pesticides.• If you’re dealing with a highly resistant population, some products

and application methods may only serve to make the problem worse.

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• Pesticide applications alone will easily eliminate bed bugs infestations.

Insecticide dusts

• Insecticide dusts for bed bug control work in two ways:1. They cut up the bug’s exoskeleton and the bug

eventually dies (eg. food grade diatomaceous earth)2. They may have chemicals that kill bugs upon extended

contact (eg. Delta Dust)• Dusts should be used instead of liquids around sensitive

areas such as electronics, electrical wiring, and furniture that may stain

• Dusts should not be over‐applied in piles as it may be kicked up into the air and breathed in –more is not necessarily better

• Best if applied using a pesticide duster

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Liquid insecticide sprays

• Many available types, but most belong to the pyrethroid class– A synthetic form of a natural toxin

from Chrysanthemum flowers– Some bed bug populations have

developed resistance to pyrethroids

• Sprays don’t last as long as dusts but often have a more immediate effect

• Apply to areas where bed bugs are likely to congregate


Insecticide strips

• Can be used inside of a sealed container – items must remain in sealed container for several days

• Items must be aired out after treatment• Should only be used to treat items – not entire homes


Don’t use BUG BOMBS!

“Total Release Foggers”• Create toxic fog• Do not penetrate well• Leave residues• Many bugs resistant to the chemicals in foggers• Increases bug movement to scatter• Unsafe if label directions not followed!

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25b & cleaners [non‐registered products

Essential oils: No published peer‐reviewed research on the effectiveness against bed bugs. Many are exempt from FIFRA registration under Section 25b.

Isopropyl alcohol: Isopropyl alcohol will kill bed bugs and sanitize the area, but no research has been done on its efficacy.

EPA cannot recommend these – use ONLY EPA registered pesticides

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Pesticide Dangers

• Desperation leads to drastic measures:Use of dangerous chemicals (do NOT use outdoor products indoors)

Improper use of chemicals (do NOT over apply) Loss of household property (chemical damage or permanent toxic residues)

• Unsafe to Use Unregistered Pesticides• Unsafe to Make Your Own• BEWARE of anecdotal or web advice• Children at higher risk of toxic reactions

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Bed Bugs & Pesticide Safety [CDC Warning]

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Source: http://news.consumerreports.org/health/2012/11/cdc-warns-about-bedbug-pesticides.html

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Shelter Bed Bug Action Plans

DONALD BAUMGARTNERUnited States Environmental

Protecti0n Agency

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Bed Bug Shelter Action Plans

Bed Bug Prevention/Control Plan should meet facility’s specific needs

Plan for homeless families for long‐term (several months) different than a short‐term thermal shelter to house clients briefly during inclement weather

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Sheffield Univ.

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Bed Bug Shelter Action Plan ConsiderationsClient items are BB free No items from street, donated, or discarded piles

Pre‐treat guidelines No Pesticides? Or not use pesticides on own & only by professional

How handle complaints or infested items? How deal w/uncooperative clients, or infested clients who refuse to cooperate?

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BB Shelter Action Plan Components

Develop relationship with PMP Education/Training of all staff

Discuss BBs at client check‐in [ID, provide brochure, importance, seen any?, that common in shelters, do not retaliate if have/report BBs, need to inspect/treat client possessions]

Contain BB introductions – store client items in a personally labeled storage containers outside of shelter

Increase BB Awareness of clients [put up BB posters in common areas]

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BB Shelter Action Plan Components2

Clutter Mgt. – limit client items in shelters

Drier Use of Heat Box/Room ‐ use dedicated dryer or heat box to dry all client clothing and possessions

Canine Detection ‐ Use certified, trained dogs for rapid check of clients & possessions.

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Source: http://www.vdacs.virginia.gov/pesticides/pdffiles/bb-shelters1.pdf Univ. KY

Bed Bug Checklist for Shelters

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Be Proactive: Develop a Bed Bug Plan Use mattress & box spring encasements Regularly inspect bed frames & mattress seams Regularly monitor all common areas & furniture Reduce clutter Only introduce new furniture that inspected & heat

treated Near beds seal cracks, repair holes, damaged walls

& wallpaper, remove peeling paint Vacuum sleeping areas frequently; seal & discard

vacuum bags Immediately bag, seal, & discard items left behind

by residents.

OH Dept Health

Bed Bug Checklist for Shelters2

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Bed Bug Prevention: Educate all staff as to signs, actions when

detected, & be familiar with your Bed Bug Plan Alert/educate residents about bed bugs, and

encourage them to report w/o retaliation Supplement education with bed bug literature Know how to recognize bed bug bites on residents Consider use clothes driers or heat chambers for all

resident clothing and items, or careful inspection on entry

Bed Bug Checklist for Shelters3

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Bed Bug Response to Infestation: Collect & save bugs for ID Remove all unnecessary items from infested area;

isolate infested items/clothing in separate , sealed bags

Launder infested clothing in high heat wash & dryer Place furniture & other unwashable items in heat

chamber, if available Intensively clean all areas around infestation Hire a professional to help assist in control if

financially possible Limit use of pesticides to protect guests

Scientific Am

Bed Bug Action for Shelters

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Bed Bug Survey (2003)Of Homeless Shelters in Toronto

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Source: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/11/4/pdfs/04-1126.pdf

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• Limited financial resources• Bed bug mgt. needed daily

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Source: http://www.nmhc.org/ThirdPartyGuidance.cfm?ItemNumber=57919

Prevention – Owners encouraged: develop Bed Bug IPM Plan train staff on BBs engage residents in BB prevention via

education & workshops tell residents to report BBs post signs & handouts

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Source: http://portal.hud.gov/hudportal/documents/huddoc?id=12-05hsgn.pdf

79Source: https://sites.google.com/site/bedbugresources/hud-policy

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Illinois State Bed Bug Laws?

◊ Railroads (1949): Requires railcars that will be occupied by the public be free from bedbugs. Requires regular cleaning and inspection of railcars. Provides for penalties.

◊ Amends IL Structural Pest Control Act (HB6439; July 24, 2010): Created SubCommittee to develop a report on bed bug recommendations on prevention, management and control of bed bugs.

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Source: http://www.ncsl.org/issues-research/env-res/state-bedbug-laws.aspx and NPMA 7-24-13

Chicago Bed Bug Law◊ Control & Treatment of Bed Bug Infestations (June

5, 2013; effective November 2013): Amends Municipal Code for bed bug control, stipulating both landlord and tenant responsibilities. Only applies to rented sleeping accommodations in multi-unit and condominium buildings. Prohibits recycling of any infested bedding, & stipulates handling of disposed infested beddings. Retailers of secondhand bedding have requirements too.

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Source: http://chicago.legistar.com/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=1255501&GUID=CED19AF3-ADD2-4771-BDDB-04923461D3AC&Options=Advanced&Search=

Transient Housing Guides on Bed Bugs

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Source: http://www.toronto.ca/housing/pdf/bedbug.pdf

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Source: http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/bedbugs/audience-clh-new.html#shelters andhttp://www.acvcsd.org/documents/Preventing_and_Managing_Bed_Bug_Infestations_in_shelters.pdf S

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http://www.idph.state.il.us/envhealth/pcbedbugs.htm

IL Bed Bug Web Resources

US Bed Bug Identification

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Source:http://www.ppdl.purdue.edu/PPDL/services.html and https://identify.us.com/about-us/

Selection of Pest Control Company

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Source: http://www.idph.state.il.us/envhealth/pcpestcntrl.htm

IL Licensed Legal Pest Control Businesses

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Source: http://www.agr.state.il.us/Environment/Pesticide/aplicatorsearch.php andhttp://ehlicv5pub.illinois.gov/Clients/ILDOHENV/PUBLIC/Pest_BusinessVerification.aspx

EPA New Bed Bug Clearinghouse

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New EPA Bed Bug Cards

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IL Questions about Bed Bugs

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, EPA

R5

Dr. Curt Colwell, 217/785-3178, [email protected]. Phil Nixon217/244-1507, [email protected]

Educate Yourself and Staff

Be Proactive, Be Alert & Monitor for Bed Bugs

Work with Your Pest Management Professional

Accept this as Normal Business in the Future

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Slides from the Following People Contributed to this Presentation:

Marcia Anderson, EPA R2 Susan Jones, Ohio State Univ. Changlu Wang, Rutgers Univ. Allison Taisey, NE IPM Center Jody Gangloff-Kaufmann, Cornell Univ. Richard Cooper, Bedbug Central Lynn Garling, Pennsylvania State Univ. Wayne Walker, Univ. of Florida Carla Wagner, Canine Detection & Inspection Services Joel Danielson, Hetta Solutions

Footnote: 1. EPA REGION 5 PESTICIDES SECTION DISCLAIMER: This presentation and the contents of the information, summaries, factsheets, publications, reports provided do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the EPA, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products. The inclusion of web links to sites describing such materials do not constitute EPA endorsement or recommendation for use.

Photo Source: Univ AK Dept Ent

bed bug presentation - illinois association of community action

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