bearer network solutions and development trend. outline discussion about bearer network evolution...
TRANSCRIPT
Bearer Network Solutions and Development Trend
Outline
Discussion about Bearer Network Evolution Demand
LTE-Oriented Solutions Bearer Network Development Trend
Main business PSTN is upgraded to NGN
globally to achieve VoIP. Traditional 2G BSs start to be
converted to IP-based BSs in some high-end carriers.
The proportion of VIP IP-based dedicated line service has become larger and larger. The layer-2 VPN service is booming.
Main business PSTN is upgraded to NGN
globally to achieve VoIP. Traditional 2G BSs start to be
converted to IP-based BSs in some high-end carriers.
The proportion of VIP IP-based dedicated line service has become larger and larger. The layer-2 VPN service is booming.
Main service has switched to IP and new service
development has accelerated.
IP
New business The 3G network, such as mobile
core network, and Backhaul, has entirely achieved IP-based services in version R5. The LTE deployment has started ahead of schedule.
The video services are booming. The cloud-computing application
and the IP-based storage services have grown rapidly.
New business The 3G network, such as mobile
core network, and Backhaul, has entirely achieved IP-based services in version R5. The LTE deployment has started ahead of schedule.
The video services are booming. The cloud-computing application
and the IP-based storage services have grown rapidly.
VoIP & Internet
VIP dedicated line
Broadband access
IPTV
LTE
IP SAN
2G/3G
Drive for Bearer Network Development
Simplify network hierarchy and reduce TCO. Make it easy to provisioning various types of new
services to achieve an integrated service operation.
What Demands Should a Bearer Network Meet?
BSC/RNC
SGSN
MGW
aGW
MSCBTS
NodeB
E1
E1/FE
GE
FE/GE ??
Large-bandwidth/high-efficiency transmissionPS-based switchingSupport for multi-service interfaceAdaptation to variation of bandwidth traffic and service flow.
Sound expandability meets the wireless network requirements at each phase and smooth evolution to protect the previous investment.
E2E service QoS, OAM and network managementClock and time synchronization
Carrier-class protection ability less than 50msProtect the service and network reliabilityHigh network security
SR
VIP dedicated line
e-NB
Advantage inheritanceStrategic demandsLTE-orientedFMC trendIntelligent characteristics
Core-layer Demand 1: Massive Bandwidth
Demand: The enormous bandwidth required by the wireless access services (IP RAN, and Wimax), data service, IP-based 2G core network, and 3G networks stimulates the massive bandwidth demands.
The interfaces that link RNC with MGW and SGSN are mostly GE interfaces; moreover, RNC and MGW generally adopts dual-homing or Flex structure.
In future, with the growth of data services, the interface from RNC to SGSN will be upgraded to 10GE and RNC will also adopt a great number of Flex structures.
The port rate between the core router and the convergence router (switch) will be evolved to 10GE/10Gbit/s POS or even higher rate from GE/2.5Gbit/s POS.
- MSTP/ASON is not capable of bearing the 3G core network services with the transmission capacity of only 10G.
- OTN can provision the bandwidth of 3.84T, which can meet the bearing requirement of a core network in a short or long term.
Demand: The enormous bandwidth required by the wireless access services (IP RAN, and Wimax), data service, IP-based 2G core network, and 3G networks stimulates the massive bandwidth demands.
The interfaces that link RNC with MGW and SGSN are mostly GE interfaces; moreover, RNC and MGW generally adopts dual-homing or Flex structure.
In future, with the growth of data services, the interface from RNC to SGSN will be upgraded to 10GE and RNC will also adopt a great number of Flex structures.
The port rate between the core router and the convergence router (switch) will be evolved to 10GE/10Gbit/s POS or even higher rate from GE/2.5Gbit/s POS.
- MSTP/ASON is not capable of bearing the 3G core network services with the transmission capacity of only 10G.
- OTN can provision the bandwidth of 3.84T, which can meet the bearing requirement of a core network in a short or long term.
MSTP/ASON
10G
OTN
3.84T
N×GE/2.5G POSMGW
RNC RNC
MSCS
SGSN
MGW
RNC RNC
SGSN
RNC
MGW
RNCRNC
SGSN
RNC
MGW
RNC RNC
SGSN
RNC
BSC
BSC
BSC
Core-layer Demand 2: Simplifying Core Network Hierarchy
MSTP/ASON
Demand: With the growth of bandwidth needed by the core network, the per-bit cost must be reduced. To simplify the network hierarchy is the first problem to be solved.
- Router over MSTP over WDM: This model adds the network hierarchy, which not only increases the network device investment and maintenance costs, but also makes the service scheduling more difficult.
- Router over OTN : The network hierarchy in this model is clearer and simpler; moreover, the ONT network is most suitable for the large-granularity service bearing and scheduling. To add a new node or change the original node less affects the network.
Demand: With the growth of bandwidth needed by the core network, the per-bit cost must be reduced. To simplify the network hierarchy is the first problem to be solved.
- Router over MSTP over WDM: This model adds the network hierarchy, which not only increases the network device investment and maintenance costs, but also makes the service scheduling more difficult.
- Router over OTN : The network hierarchy in this model is clearer and simpler; moreover, the ONT network is most suitable for the large-granularity service bearing and scheduling. To add a new node or change the original node less affects the network.
WDM
MGW MGW SGSN
RNC RNC BSC BSC
MSCS
OTN
MGW MGW SGSN
RNC RNC BSC BSC
MSCS
Core-layer Demand 3: High Efficiency, Flexibility, and Large Granularity
Demand : The bearing efficiency of TDM and IP services on the SDH/MSTP network is much low. A fully new network is needed to highly efficiently bear this type of service to solve this problem.
After the IP-based 2G core network and 3G deployment, the core-layer scheduling will be shifted from STM-N to GE-above granularity.
The large-granularity service needs to be scheduled uniformly. In a full-service operation, the bandwidth demands of various types of services are greatly different. The service traffic and the stream direction are indeterminate, meanwhile they take on an obvious mesh-like service flow.
- For MSTP/ASON and the cross-grain of VC4, when the GE-above large-granularity packet service is scheduled, the cross resource will be greatly wasted and the scheduling efficiency is very low.
- OTN devices are possessed with wavelength-class optical crossing and sub-wavelength-class electrical-laer crossing, which can increase the layers and grains of the service scheduling.
- The Mesh network can be deployed based on ROADM and WSON, which ensures that the network expansion is more flexible and convenient, and provisions more flexible scheduling and bandwidth managemetn.
GE/2.5G POS10GE/POS
Core-layer Demand 4: High Reliability and High QoS
Demand: When the optical cable is faulty, it may arouse the logic links at several places of the data network to get faulty simultaneously. Then entire network is protected only depending on the IP network protection technology, which is difficult to meet the carrier-class protection demands of IP services. The optical-layer protection is the prerequisite to provide a less-than-50ms carrier-class protection.
- A router can provide E2E service protection; the optical layer can provide protection for massive services at the physical layer.
- Meanwhile, the router should be properly reloaded to increase the port bandwidth usage, thus to reduce the entire network investment.
- OTN devices provide more abundant overheads than SDH, fully ensuring the E2E QoS service.
- When the core network adopts the WSON technology and the Mesh structure, the service security will be enhanced, and meanwhile, the protection resources are saved greatly.
Demand: When the optical cable is faulty, it may arouse the logic links at several places of the data network to get faulty simultaneously. Then entire network is protected only depending on the IP network protection technology, which is difficult to meet the carrier-class protection demands of IP services. The optical-layer protection is the prerequisite to provide a less-than-50ms carrier-class protection.
- A router can provide E2E service protection; the optical layer can provide protection for massive services at the physical layer.
- Meanwhile, the router should be properly reloaded to increase the port bandwidth usage, thus to reduce the entire network investment.
- OTN devices provide more abundant overheads than SDH, fully ensuring the E2E QoS service.
- When the core network adopts the WSON technology and the Mesh structure, the service security will be enhanced, and meanwhile, the protection resources are saved greatly.
MGW
RNCRNC
MSCS
SGSN
Router protection time is normally greater than 50ms
…
MGW
RNC RNC
SGSN
RNC BSC
MGW
RNC RNC
SGSN
RNC BSC
MGW
RNC RNC
SGSN
RNC BSC
IP Bearer Network Evolution Trend
Backbone networkCR
PE
MGW
SGSN/PDSN
Switch
DSLAM
Splitter OLT
RNC/BSC
SR/BRAS
Backhaul
On the IP MAN core layer and the IP backbone network plane, the FMC trend is to bear the fixed network and the mobile network on one IP network, and to tends to merge and flatten networks.
The use of cluster routers simplifies the IP network hierarchy, and make the IP core and the backbone network oriented to the development of full interconnection and large capacity.
1. FMC merging
2. Clustering
routers
The future
transmission network
must be adapted to IP
network merging-
orientation, flattening,
and large capacity.
IP MAN and Backbone
network
Convergence/Access Layer Demand 1: IP-based Mobile Service
IP/MPLS Core BTV
VODRNCBSC
PacketM
W
BTS
nodeB
SRBRAS
MSTP/PTN/OTN
MSTP/PTN MSTP/PTN
CE/PTN
CE/PTN
E1
E1
nodeB
FE
VLAN
E1/IMA
STM-1/ATM
VLAN1. Perfect OAM 2. Service emulation3. Clock synchronization4. High-reliability
assurance5. Multi-service support6. QoS assurance7. Reducing per-bit costs
E1/TDM
clock & phase
Synchronized Ethernet
IEEE 1588v2
Convergence/Access Layer Demand 2 :Clock Synchronization
TDM line + GPS
Mobile FormatFrequency Sync Requirements
Phase Sync Requirements
GSM ± 50ppb NA
WCDMA-FDD ± 50ppb NA
WCDMA-TDD ± 50ppb ±1.25us or ± 1250 ns
CDMA2000 ± 50ppb ± 3us or ± 3000 ns
TD-SCDMA ± 50ppb ± 1.5us or ± 1500 ns
WiMax FDD ± 20ppb NA
WiMax TDD ± 20ppb ± 1us
LTE FDD without MBMS ± 50ppb NA
LTE TDD ± 50ppb ±1.25us or ± 1250 ns
The existing transport network can only transmit frequency but cannot synchronize time.
In the existing time synchronization, a GPS receiving device is installed, which depends on the US GPS system, and thus the security problem may exist.
Home/indoor BS adopts network to transport sync information.
Convergence/Access Layer Demand 3: Full-Service Access Bearing
PSTNVIP
Dedicated line
3G initial stage
PONEnterpris
e VPN3Glater stage
M- Play
Support for multiple types of protocol interfaces
○ ● ☉ ☉ ☉ ☉ ☉
Connection-oriented carrier-class service transmission
● ● ● ● ☉ ● ●
Sound OAM function ● ● ● ● ☉ ● ●
Carrier-class 50ms protection ● ● ● ● ☉ ● ●
Support for high-precision clock transmission
● ○ ● ● ○ ● ○
Support for service sensing ○ ○ ○ ● ☉ ● ●
Service distinguishment ○ ○ ○ ● ● ● ●
Bandwidth statistics multiplexing function ○ ○ ☉ ● ● ● ●
Support for multicast service ○ ○ ☉ ● ○ ● ●
Outline
Discussion about Bearer Network Evolution Demand
LTE-Oriented Solutions Bearer Network Development Trend
Tunnel Protection
BSCMSTP access ring
IP 3GIP 3G
3G(non-IP)3G(non-IP)
2G2G
Service flow has changed obviously Opener structure Diverse protection needs Dramatic growth of bandwidth occupancy
Service flow has changed obviously Opener structure Diverse protection needs Dramatic growth of bandwidth occupancy
NodeB
NodeB
NodeB
BTS
BTS
RNC
SDHProtection
SGSN
MGW
MSC
6300/6200/61006300/6200/6100
90089008
MSTP convergence ring
MSTPMSTP
LAG
Bearing Demand Changes from 3G to LTE
RNC
MME
aGW
eNB
CTN 6200
CTN 6300
CTN 9000
CTN 9000
CTN 6000
CTN 6200
CTN 6000
CTN 9000
FE
GE
GE
GE
NodeB
LTE phase is the mobile super-broadband phase, which emphasizes that a network is flattened, the X2 service can be scheduled on the convergence-layer device, and the round trip should be reduced as much as possible. At the convergence layer and access layer, VRRP is stared to protect nodes and share loads.
eNB BS is connected to eNB and aGW in multiple directions, adopting Tunnel 1+1/1:1 , ring or FRRp protection. PW and Tunnel support dynamic configuration.
For X2 MP2MP services, L2 VPN adopts VPLS mode, or IP/MPLS+L3 VPN.
LTE phase is the mobile super-broadband phase, which emphasizes that a network is flattened, the X2 service can be scheduled on the convergence-layer device, and the round trip should be reduced as much as possible. At the convergence layer and access layer, VRRP is stared to protect nodes and share loads.
eNB BS is connected to eNB and aGW in multiple directions, adopting Tunnel 1+1/1:1 , ring or FRRp protection. PW and Tunnel support dynamic configuration.
For X2 MP2MP services, L2 VPN adopts VPLS mode, or IP/MPLS+L3 VPN.
Tunnel Protection ,FRR, ring protection
VRRP
eNB
IP 3GIP 3G
LTE X2LTE X2
LTE S1LTE S1
GE
eNB
eNB
VRRP
VRRP
aGW
Facing Future LTE Bearing Demands, Achieving Smooth Evolution
ZXCTN 6100 ZXCTN 6200 ZXCTN 6300 ZXCTN 9008ZXCTN 9004
BSC
RNC
SR
BRAS
Access layer Convergence layer
GE
GE
10GE
Abis
STM-1/GE
GE/10GE
Iub
STM-1/GE
GE/10GE
MAN core layer
S-GW
MME
MGW
Residential
Business
Mobile
Based on high-value services, such as Backhaul, and VIP service, achieves E2E entire network deployment. Adapted to PTN standards development and new demands for future service network evolution by supporting software
upgrade.
Based on high-value services, such as Backhaul, and VIP service, achieves E2E entire network deployment. Adapted to PTN standards development and new demands for future service network evolution by supporting software
upgrade.
ZTE PTN Series Products
Exert Efforts to Push PTN Industry Development
In the Geneva ITU-T standards conference of Sep, 2009, the proposal of PTN Time Synchronization jointly raised by ZTE and China Mobile aroused great attention in industry.
In the forum of 2009 Optical Communication and Bearer Network Construction, ZTE was awarded with “Promotion Prize of Optical Communication Industry Development in 2009 – PTN Industry Promotion Prize”, and the “Prize for Most Integratedly Competitive PS Transport Network Scheme Provider”, which complimented ZTE for its outstanding contribution in the field of PTN industry, and fully recognized ZTE PTN product and scheme.
Deep cooperation with global well-known carriers to push the PTN product into a wide commercial use
Intelligent
High-Integratedi WDMIP
All IP orientation
Intelligent
High integration
i i WDMWDM
OTN
WSON
PXC
L2
Compliant with all-IP service, compatible with traditional TDM service; a uniform transport platform of new and old services
All OTN Meets the needs of scheduling IP
service intelligently Loads control planes
More compact device, less space occupancy
Environment friendly, low consumption, low radiation, and recycled material
i WDM integrates the OTN technology, PXC optical-layer scheduling, L2 switching, and WSON control plane to the same transport platform.
i WDM - All-IP Service Transport Platform of a New Generation
Reliable protection
Channel1+1
MESH protection+ recovery
Line1+1
MESH recovery
Multiplexing-segment sharing protection
Channel-sharing protection
Reliable protection
Subwavelength1+1
MESH protection + recovery
Wavelength1+1
MESH recovery
Wavelength channel sharing protection
Subwavelength channel sharing protection
OLAOTM OTMTraditional WDM—80 wave :
iWDM—80 wave :
Much less space occupancy
WSON
BoDOVPN
GE/FEFC
L3 3D scheduling system
Load WSON control plane
Perfect optical-layer and electrical-layer carrier-class protection
Pollution reduction function
Drop Unit ADD Unit
OCH Switch
Access Unit
Line Unit
ODUk Switch
L2 Switch
OT
U an
d Mux
pond
er
WSON/NMS
ZTE i WDM Functions
ZTE i WDM Family
ADMADM
ADMADM
ADMADMADMADM
ADMADM
ADMADM
MAN edge
ZXMP M720
High integration, dense wave in one
ZXMP M820
Multiplex flexible networking
Intelligent scheduling
ZXWM M920
Super distance, large capacity
MAN convergence core
Tandem
ZXONE 8000
Large-capacity, cross intelligent scheduling
E2E QoS, unified NM and performance detection
NE-layer NM EMSNetwork-layer NM NMS
Planning softwareZXTOP
ZTE i WDM Family
ADMADM
ADMADM
ADMADMADMADM
ADMADM
ADMADM
Outline
Discussion about Bearer Network Evolution Demand
LTE-Oriented Solutions Bearer Network Development Trend
TDM(OTN) (electric circuit switching)
WDM (ULH/Large capacity) ROADM (optical switching) PXC
1998-2007 2008 2009 2010-2019
IP
ATM
ETH MPLS-TP/PBT (packet transport)
MPLS
Packet delivery
Service differentiat
Multiplexing
Optical transmission
Sub-wavelength switching & protection
4 layers 3 layers Convergence ...Evolution
Arc
hit
ectu
re
SDH NG-SDH(MSTP)
GMPLScontrol
OPS
Traffic engineering
WDM
Development Trend of Bearer Network
2009: IP/MPLS + NGSDH + PTN
2010-2013: IP/MPLS + ROADM + PTN + GMPLS + OTN
All optical network uniform control plane
Next-Generation PS Transport Technology ——PTN
PTN (Packet Transport Network) refers to an integrated transport technology which, taking a packet as a transmission unit, primarily bears carrier-class Ethernet services, and is compatible with the services like TDM, ATM, and FC.
Based on PS structure, the PTN technology inherits the MSTP concept, and merges the advantages of Ethernet and MSTP. It is a technology that suits the carrier-class PS bearing.
PTN
MSTP
MPLSEthernet
QoSMulticast
ACLPS switch
PW
OAM
Protection switchover
NMClock
Hierarchical network structure
Two Connection-Oriented PTN Technologies
Ethernet
SDH like OAM/PS
MPLS
T-MPLS
PBT
PTN T-MPLS : Transport MPLS T-MPLS is a PS transport technology developed on the basis of the MPLS
technology and in combination with the transport network characteristics.
PBT : Provider Backbone Bridge Traffic Engineer PBT is a PS transport technology developed on the basis of the Ethernet
technology, and in combination with the transport network characteristics.
T-MPLS = MPLS- Most L3 Complexity +OAM+PST-MPLS = MPLS- Most L3 Complexity +OAM+PS
PBT = MacInMac -Connenctionless+OAM+PSPBT = MacInMac -Connenctionless+OAM+PS
Technological Comparison for IP-based Bearer Network Evolution
PTN Scheme ——TMPLS/MPLS-TPPTN Scheme ——TMPLS/MPLS-TP
MSTP+ Scheme ——MSTP upgrades to PTN, dual-planeMSTP+ Scheme ——MSTP upgrades to PTN, dual-plane
PTN Introduction Purpose: To Establish E2E PTN Network
With the move-on of the IP-based BS and the growth of service bandwidth, perform PTN E2E networking in the hot areas (CBD centralized area, dense high-end communities).
Bear the new 3G service on the new PTN network and cut the 3G service borne on the MSTP network to the PTN network.
With the IP-orientation of the 3G service and the bandwidth growth, the PTN network has developed from the hot areas to the normal outlying areas.
3G
BSC RN
C
BTS
MSTP
2.5G
MSTP
622M
PTN
10GE
PTN
GE
BTS
Access layer
Convergence layer
BTS3G
3G3G 3G
GPS replacement for existing
network verification
UNMS
PTN Network Establishment Perspective (Evolution)
The TDM services are reduced. The MSTP expansion is reduced. PTN is deployed widely to bear mobile, VIP and some data broadband services.
A small number of interconnection scenarios exist in PTN and the local MSTP access layer. The interconnection service channel can be protected through LAG protection or MSP protection.
The MSTP network and the PTN UNM are monitored in real time.
Reduced number of TDM services, Widely applied PTN, Partly Heterogeneous Networking of MSTP and PTN
3G
BSC RNC
BTS
MSTP
622M
PTN + OTN
PTN
GE
BTS
Access layer
Convergence layer
BTS 3G BTS3G
BTS3G
3G
FE/GE
STM-16/4/1
Synchronous replacement of PTN-based GPS
time
UNMS
Important group client FE
Smooth MSTP Evolution to PTN — Dual-Plane Analysis
Application layerApplication layer
EthernetEthernet
TDM TransportTDM Transport
TDMTDM
Circuit switching
ATMATM
PS switchingPTN PTN
MSTP MSTP
This is a transitional scheme. Its functions are limited and the lifecycle is short. The so-called “smooth evolution” scheme is actually to upgrade the device to have the bearing capability with PTN
features under the condition that the existing services remain unchanged. However, this upgrade is not thorough. The upgraded device is not a PTN device, but a heterogeneous device of MSTP and PTN.
MSTP and PTN networks are separately established. The services between two domains on the same device are transported through jumper fiber, which is equal to overlapping a PTN device on the previous MSTP node.
Currently , PTN independent device is at the verification stage. It takes more risks to the MSTP device that can be upgraded to PTN in the network recently.
Packet TransportPacket Transport
Smooth MSTP Evolution to PTN——Device Function Analysis
To allocate a part of resources to the PTN plane to use, the original MSTP functions and performance will naturally be impacted. For example, after a PTN line card is added on the device, the uneven bandwidth distribution on the device backplane will greatly affect the original MSTP functions; while after a part of slots are inserted by PTN line cards, the MSTP function based on the even slots will not be performed.
。 The dual-bus deployment of TDM and Packet, in addtion to the PS coding mode, encapsulation, overheads, and acceleration ratio, cause the real access and switching capacity of PS in the dual-plane device to be far less than theoretical capacity. For example, for a 320G MSTP/PTN device, the PS switching capacity is less than 80G in real application.
Because the services between MSTP and PTN domains are transmitted through jumper fiber mode, it increases the data processing delay and the fault points, which is not compliance with the E2E concept. The alarms between the MSTP plane and the PTN plane are terminated before the service interconnection, and cannot be transmitted mutually. Even if the alarm transmission problem was solved by some special internal technical measure, the interconnecion with other manufactures’ network cannot be implemented due to the lack of corresponding standards support.
TDM
TDMVCAT
Packet
Packet
TDM
TDM
Packet
Packet
vc switch
POS
E1,E3 C.STM-16
C.STM-64FE, GE
P.STM-64
10GE
FE, GE
FE, GE
Tributary Line
SDH VCCross-connection
Packet based Switch Fabric
pkt switch
MS
TP
line cardM
ST
P line card
Packet line card
Packet line card
Packet line card
Packet line card
MS
TP
line cardM
ST
P line card
MS
TP
line cardM
ST
P line card
Mix cross board
Mix cross board
Mix cross board
Mix cross board
Main control
boardM
ain control board
Main control
boardM
ain control board
Integrated with TDM and packet chips; TDM and packet services are processed separately.
Integrated with TDM and packet chips; TDM and packet services are processed separately.
The interconnection between two planes are achieved by a jumper fiber.The interconnection between two planes are achieved by a jumper fiber.
Packet processing partsPacket processing parts
MSTP processing partsMSTP processing parts
FanFan FanFan
Smooth MSTP Evolution to PTN—Analysis on Device Upgrade Acts
Application layerApplication layer
EthernetEthernet
TDM TransportTDM Transport
TDMTDM
Circuit
switchin
g
ATMATM
Application layerApplication layer
EthernetEthernetTDMTDM ATMATM
Circuit switchin
g
Packet TransportPacket Transport
TDM TransportTDM Transport
Circuit switching
Upgrade
平滑升级 Upgrade process unsmooth
CrossCross (( circuit switching kernelcircuit switching kernel ))CrossCross (( circuit switching kernelcircuit switching kernel ))
Line cardLine card (packet processing: QOS/OAM…)
Backplane (care for backplane bus design requirements of packet & circuit)
Line cardLine card (( TDMTDM processing: overhead/encapsulationprocessing: overhead/encapsulation
Backplane ( suitable for bus design of TDM backplane )
Replace
Limited function
Power modulePower module (( support for low power consumptionsupport for low power consumption ))
Software logic ( TDM service and device control)
Power modulePower module (( support for higher power consumptionsupport for higher power consumption ))
Software logic ( packet & TDM service and device control)
Replace
Replace
Replace
Procedure of Upgrading MSTP to PTN
TDM
TDMVCAT
Packet
Packet
TDM
TDM
Packet
Packet
vc switch
POS
E1,E3 C.STM-16
C.STM-64FE, GE
P.STM-64
10GE
FE, GE
FE, GE
Tributary Line
SDH VCCross-connection
Packet based Switch Fabric
pkt switch
TDM
TDMVCAT
TDM
TDM
vc switchE1,E3 C.STM-16
C.STM-64FE, GE
Tributary Line
SDH VCCross-connection
MSTP+Pure MSTP
(1) Replace crossboard, and add packet processing board
Packet
Packet
Packet
Packet
vc switch
POS
-64
P.STM-64
10GE
FE, GE
FE, GE
SDH VCCross-connection
Packet based Switch Fabric
pkt switch
(2) ALL IP-orientation. TDM gradually recedesTDM service board decreases.
E1,E3CES
MSTP+
Fake PTNPacket
Packet
Packet
Packet
POSP.STM-64
10GE
FE, GE
FE, GE
Packet based Switch Fabric
pkt switch
E1,E3CES
Pure PTN
(3) TDM bus is no longer used. Replace the crossboard again?
MSTP+ Upgraded to PTN VS. New PTN Establishment
Type MSTP+ Upgraded to PTN New PTN Establishment
Expandability The upgraded PTN device is not the target PTN expected by carriers as its application is limited.
The solution is limited by the technical structure, adopting dual-plane technology. The dual-bus of TDM and Packet makes the access capacity of SDH and PTN greatly limited, which is hard to meet the full-service development demands. If the upgrade scheme of PTN card is adopted, the PTN function is restricted by cards. The connection capacity between cards are smaller, and the networking ability and expandability is poor.
High expandability
Universal full-PS kernel, in compliance with the needs of future packet bearing
Network Migration
The network upgrade is smooth, however, the device upgrade is not smooth. During upgrade process, the service needs to be suspended. With the network evolution, the device needs to be replaced, cut over, and upgraded continually station by station, node by node, and card by card, which takes too much time. And its O&M load is very heavy, moreover, it has great effect on the existing network services. Frequent cutover and upgrade may cause greater and more risks of broken service operations.
No impact on the existing network services; clear network evolution and migration
Equipment Cost Low cost-performance rate and OPEX is increased.
It is necessary to replace the cross boards, clock boards, line boards, and power boards, which costs close to purchasing a new PTN device. The cross board is integrated with functions of TDM crossing and packet switching. In the scenario of full packet and full TDM, the resources of cross boards and buses are seriously wasted.
High cost-performance rate
New PTN establishment is more economical than upgrading MSTP+ to PTN. Its time is shorter, and the man power is lower.
Application Scenario
The purpose of MSTP+ upgrade is to make the device possessed with a certain bearing capability of PTN characteristics by upgrade while keeping the existing service untouched. This kind of upgrade is not thorough, because the upgraded device is not the PTN device, but the combination of MSTP and PTN. Due t the limits of slot and capacity, the end device used for accessing the BS is hard to upgrade. Finally, replacement and overlapping network establishment can only be adopted, which is against the expectation and increases the time and costs of the network establishment.
Universal PS kernel
New PTN establishment is applicable to various types of application scenarios of future ALL IP evolution.
40G DWDM Key Technology——Modulation Mode
NRZ
ODB
DPSK
DQPSK
PM QPSK
40G Modulation Technology Comparison
50GHz OSNR B2B(dB) CD Capacity Limit (ps/nm)
PMD Capacity Limit (ps)
Remark
ODB/PSBT √ 17.5 +/- 160 2.5
RZ AMI 16 +/- 40 3 *100GHz spacing data
DPSK √ 14 +/- 55 3
RZ DQPSK √ 14.5 +/- 125 6
PM QPSK √ 14 +50000 25
The currently primary commercial modulation technologies are ODB/PSBT and DPSK.
To achieve RZ DQPSK PM QPSK, its technology is complicated and costly.
100G Modulation Technology DP-QPSK Dual-polarization quadriphase shift keying CSRZ-DQPSK can only realize the spacing of 100GHZ, and cannot
realize the spacing of 80 waves*50GHZ same as that of the heterogeneous deployment of the existing network, 10G, and 40G.
OPFDM-DQPSK Polarization OFDM-DQPSK oPDM-DQPSK Optical pulse breadth modulation- DQPSK ePDM-QPSK Electrical pulse breadth modulation- QPSK DPSK-3ASK (Differentiate phase shift keying – 3-phase shift keying)
modulation mode to achieve the serial transmission of 100Gbps of the single-wave channel
…
40G/100G technology mainly focuses on which modulation technology to select
The selection of technology depends on PMD tolerance, transmission distance, and signal channel spacing (50G/100GHz).
Backbone/MAN Core - OTN The entire optical layer of OTN is classified into:
Optical channel (OCh), optical multiplex section (OMS), and optical transmission section (OTS)
OCh is also classified into three sub-layers: Optical channel data unit (ODUk), optical channel transmission unit
(OTUk), and optical channel sub-layer
Optical Channel layer network( OCh )
Optical Multiplex Sectionlayer network
( OMS )Optical Transmission Section
layer network( OTS )
Client layer
Optical layer
Optical channel payload unit ( OPU )Optical channel data unit ( ODU )Optical channel transmission unit ( OTU ) Optical channel OCh
Optical domain
3 electrical-domain sub-layers
IP 、 ETHERNET 、ATM 、 SDH/SONET
Backbone/MAN Core -ROADM
O M U
OPA
O D U
OT
U1
OT
U2
OT
U3
OT
U4
0
OT
U1
OT
U2
OT
U3
OT
U40 ::: :
OBA
WBCoupler Coupler
WBU
OPA
1 : 8
TL8
TL3
TL2
TL1
TF
1
TF
2
TF
3
TF
8 ::
OBA
WB
Coupler180:20
Coupler350:50
OT
U1
OT
U2
OT
U3
OT
U8
:
Upgrade Port
1 : 3 2
TF
9
TF
10
TF
11
TF
40:
OT
U9
OT
U10
OT
U11
OT
U40:
TL4
0
TL1
1
TL1
0
TL9 :
Upgrade Port
8 : 1 3 2 : 1
Coupler250:50
Coupler480:20
WBU
Multi-degree ROADMMulti-degree ROADM
WSSWSS
The MEMS-based WSS is an inevitable choice for high-dimensionality ROADM technology.
MAN: T-MPLS/MPLS-TP
T-MPLS network structure
T-MPLS technology standard
T-MPLS = MPLS- Most L3 Complexity +OAM+PS
•Client equipment
•Carrier equipment (IP DSLAM, Ethernet Switch, IP/MPLS router)
•Other carrier equipment
•Client equipment
•Carrier equipment (IP DSLAM, Ethernet Switch, IP/MPLS router)
•Other carrier equipment
Any client-side service
•Ethernet
•IP/MPLS
•T-MPLS (Carrier – carrier service)
•ATM, frame relay, L1,-
Any client-side service
•Ethernet
•IP/MPLS
•T-MPLS (Carrier – carrier service)
•ATM, frame relay, L1,-
QoS management at each layerQoS management at each layer
MAN-PBT
Metro Ethernet Network
PBT Engineered
trunks
Pseudowire
RFC 2547
ELAN, ELINEPBBMetro Ethernet Network
PBT Engineered
trunks
Pseudowire
RFC 2547
ELAN, ELINEPBB
PBBPBB Encapsulation modeEncapsulation modePBTPBT network structurenetwork structure
PB
TP
BT
Te
ch
nic
al S
tan
da
rds
Te
ch
nic
al S
tan
da
rds PBT = Mac In Mac –
Connenctionless + OAM + PS
IEEE 802.1ag Connectivity Fault Management-complete 2007 802.1ah Provider Backbone Bridge-complete 2008 802.1aq Shortest Path Bridging-complete 2009 802.1Qay Provider Backbone Bridging-Traffic Engineering-complete 2008 802.3ah Ethernet Link OAMTMF (TeleManagement Forum) MTOSI work effort is PBT for OSS (Multi-Technology Operations Systems interface)ITU-T G.pbt in SG15/Q12 living list Y.1731 OAM incorporates PBB-TE features G.8031 PS coordinationIETF GMPLS for PBT
MAN-EoMPLS
PE PE
MPLS Network
PE PE
Enterprise LAN
ISP 1
Enterprise LAN
PE PE
ISP 2
ISP A
ISP 3
ISP B
ISP C
Point to Point, Metro Ethernet Service
EoMPLS = MPLS–Partial L3 Complexity +OAM+PS
MAN- Other Technologies
Pure data RPR Simple topology, difficult
ring-spanning service No connection-orientation,
Unable to achieve E2E
Enhanced Ethernet No connection Enhanced protection
ESR/ESS OAM that is hard to
achieve traffic engineer and specific services
Control Plane
Symbol of an intelligent dynamic network — Control Plane SDH+ control plane =ASON (RSVP-TE, OSPF-TE) WDM+ control plane =WSON (RSVP-TE, OSPF-TE) The IP/MPLS data network is born with control plane
(RSVP,LDP,BGP,MP-BGP, supporting TE mode)
The future NG bearer network needs a uniform control plane. Control plane GMPLS
Technical Summary
T-MPLS/MPLS-TP PBB-TE EoMPLS Enhanced Ethernet
Networking Capability
Limitless; adapted to complex networking
• Limitless; • adapted to
complex networking
• Limitless; • adapted to
complex networking
• Ring network,• no connection,• networking limited
Service Support
To adopt PWE3 to support multiple services
To adopt PWE3 to support multiple services
To adopt PWE3 to support multiple services
• Poor multi- service support;
• support Ethernet
Reliability protection <50ms protection <50ms protection <50ms Protection ranging 50ms-100ms
OAM Hierarchical OAM Ethernet OAM • Weak, • single-layer OAM, • no performance
detection
• Weak, • single-layer OAM, • no performance
detection
Current Status •Mature standard•Immature technology
Both standard and technology immature
Mature standard • No standard• Self-defined by each
manufacture• Mature technology
Evolution Route for Bearer Network Technology and ZTE Product Series 1
ETHETH
MPLSMPLS
ATMATM
RPRRPR
PDHPDH
SDHSDH
FiberFiber WDMWDM
OTHOTH
MSTPMSTP
MPLS-TPMPLS-TP
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
PBTPBT
ROADMROADM PXCPXC
ULH WDMULH WDM
WDMWDM
ZXMP S150/200ZXMP S320ZXMP S325/330ZXMP S380/S390ZXMP S385
ZXR10 M6000ZXR10 T8000… ZXCTN 6X00
ZXCTN 9004/8
P-OTNP-OTN
ZXONE 5xxx
Evolution Route for Bearer Network Technology and ZTE Product Series 2
ETHETH
MPLSMPLS
ATMATM
RPRRPR
PDHPDH
SDHSDH
FiberFiber WDMWDM
OTHOTH
MSTPMSTP
MPLS-TPMPLS-TP
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
PBTPBT
ROADMROADM PXCPXC
ULH WDMULH WDM
WDMWDM
P-OTNP-OTN
ZXWM M900ZXMP M800ZXMP M600
ZXMP M800ZXMP M820
ZXMP M900ZXMP M920
ZXONE 5X00
iWDMZXWM M920ZXMP M820ZXMP M720
MSCSMGW/GGSN
RNCBSC
Core network access control
General Perspective of Full-Service Bearer Network Operation
Public client
CRCR
SR
PTN
NodeB
VPN lineBTS
Radio access network control
IP dedicated network/MDCN
CMNet+
Public client plane Important client plane
Switch xDsl
MAN convergence/access layer
MAN Backbone Network
Backbone Network
SRBAS
Core layer
Service access control layer
Metro_E
Bear high- bandwidth-
need service PON
WDM/OTN
Bear high-value service
VIPeNB
PTN
PTN
PTN
Under a circumstance of small entire business, PTN achieves the uniform bearing of the fixed network broadband and the
mobile services at the convergence layer.
Scenario : In the areas where OTN is not covered, or hard to extend, it is the best solution to access PON and VIP with
PTN.
AggregationIn counties
AccessIn towns
Unified PTN Bearing Scheme (Small-Scale Network)
OTN
NodeB
NodeB
Broadband access
VIP line
OLTPON
DSL
SGSN
MGW
RNCBSC
BRASSR
Pico/Femtocell
Femtocell
GE optical interface
10GE PTNConvergence
ring
GE PTNAccess ring
Core node
Backbone node
iWDMiWDM
Core equipment room
Convergence node
PTN
Router
iWDM
Core router
SR/BRAS
Convergence layer (iWDM sinks OLT nodes to solve the
fixed network service operation
bearing.)
Important group client FE
FE
RNC RNC RNC RNC
Full-service convergence area
OLT
ODUONU
CMNetCMNet
iWDMiWDM
Full-service convergence area
OLT
ODUONU
PTN bears high-value services.
3G 3G
• iWDM sinks to the convergence node to achieve the PON upstream bearing, which conforms to the future evolution trend of the PON technology.
• The core-layer iWDM and PTN jointly achieves the TD bearing scheduling to increase the network flexibility.
OTN,WSONOTN,WSON
Overall Structure of Full-Service Operation by Joint PTN/iWDM Networking
Optical Fiber
SDH/SONET
GFP
PacketSwitch
Optical Fiber
GE / 10 GE,SDH/SONET
Packet Switch
PacketTraffic
TDMTraffic
PacketTraffic
TDMTraffic
CE
Optical Fiber
GE / 10 GE,SDH/SONET,
ODU 1/2/3
Packet TDM switch switch
PacketTraffic
TDMTraffic
Hybrid switch
L0
L1
L2
Optical Fiber
SDH/SONET
GFP
PacketSwitch
Optical Fiber
GE / 10 GE,SDH/SONET
Packet Switch
PacketTraffic
TDMTraffic
PacketTraffic
TDMTraffic
CE
Optical Fiber
GE / 10 GE,SDH/SONET,
ODU 1/2/3
Packet TDM switch switch
PacketTraffic
TDMTraffic
Hybrid switch
L0
L1
L2
MSTP PTN P-OTN
Evolution form 2G to 3G
IP RAN FMC
P-OTN is a solution in the process of network IP orientation. Its drive comes the merger of multiple layers networks and network flattening.
The service packet evolution brings the revolution of the bearer network technology.
The time window of the transitional network evolution from TDM to packet evolution.The time window is shortThe carriers are in great need of TDM and packet services simultaneously.The time window of PTN at the edge is longer.
SDH/SDH/SONET&PTSONET&PT
NN
VerizonVerizon
China Mobile
FTFT
VFVF
EtisalatEtisalat
Ca
rrier
Ca
rrier
OTN&PTNOTN&PTN
P-OTN
The longer time window not only meets the evolution needs from TDM to packet, but also optimizes the packet service bearing by merging the OTN optical network technology, which is the technological evolution trend.There is much room for P-OTN to achieve the uniform bearing scheme at the convergence layer.
TLFTLF
Different Patterns of P-OTN
AggregationCoreVOD Local ServerVOD Local ServerSHESHE
GE/10GEGE/10GE
TV STB
PC
PC
GPONGPONOLTOLT
GPONGPONONUONU
TV STBTV STBGPONGPONONUONU
DSLADSLAMM
GEGE
10GbE10GbE
MME/S-GWMME/S-GW
RoutersRouters
Long Haul
Legacy
NG-SDH Ring
Access
TV STBTV STB
National TVBroadcast (OTN)
Aggregation(PTN)
VOD/Multicast(PTN)
PTN
Voice (PTN or SDH)
FE/GEFE/GE
BOD/VPNBOD/VPN
P-OTN Product Application
BOD(OTN/PTN)
P-OTN
CWDMCWDM
OTN/P-OTN
Backbone
RoutersRouters
PTN