beam bending lab report

8/18/2019 Beam Bending Lab Report

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Beam Bending Lab Report

Submitted to:Dr. Annie Abell

&Miss MohiniDutt

Prepared By:Ian Hildebrandt

Engineering 1181The Ohio State University

College of EngineeringColubus! OH

September 18, 2012

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Table of Content

"ist of #igures and Tables$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$...%

Ee'utive Suary$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.(

Introdu'tion$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$)

Content$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.*+%,

• Tas- ($$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.*

• Tas- )+,$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$+%,

o Tas- )$$$$$$$$$$$$$.$$$$$$$$$$$$/+0

o Tas- 1$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.$$$%2+%%

o Tas- *$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.$$%(+%)

o Tas- $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.$%1+%*

o Tas- ,$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.$%+%,

Defle'tion vs. #or'e A33lied for * 4eas$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$..%/

Dis'ussion 5uestions$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$..%0+(2

Con'lusion$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.(2+(%

A33endi'es 6 Atta'hents$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$((

Lit of !igure and Table

#igure %7 4ea 4ending A33aratus....$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$..)

#igure (7 Table and 8ra3h of Tas- )$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$./

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#igure )7 Table and 8ra3h of Tas- 1$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$..$%2

#igure 17 Table and 8ra3h of Tas- *$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$..%(

#igure *7 Table and 8ra3h of Tas- $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$..%1

#igure 7 Table and 8ra3h of Tas- ,$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$..%

#igure ,7 8ra3h of Defle'tion vs. #or'e A33lied for All #ive 4eas$$$$$$$$..%0

E"e#uti$e Summary

The overall 3ur3ose of this lab 9as to e3lore the basi' 'on'e3ts that engineers use

to design e'onoi'al and safe stru'tures. In order to do this! students used the bea

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bending a33aratus sho9n belo9 :#igure %; to test the defle'tion of various aterials.

The first ste3 of this lab in'luded assebling the bea bending a33aratus. During the

building 3ro'ess! it 9as etreely i3ortant to a-e sure everything 9as aligned and

tightened 3ro3erly. The net ste3 of the lab 9as to begin ta-ing easureent on the

five different beas. All the easureents 9ere re'orded in the e'el lab 9or-sheet

lo'ated on the 'lass drive. Students started by easuring and re'ording the 9idth and

thi'-ness of ea'h bea using the dial 'ali3er. After! students easured the iniu

and aiu values 9ith no 9eight on the 9eight holder. "astly! students 'ontinued to

re3eat easuring the iniu and aiu for ea'h of the ten 9eights and re'orded

all the values in the e'el seed file. The first bea easured 9as the aluinu

'antilever bea. The se'ond bea easured 9as the steel bea follo9ed by the

aluinu bo bea! the 3olystyrene bea! and the bass9ood bea. After the lab 9as

'o3leted and the data 9as analy


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• Investigate and a33ly the 'on'e3ts of stress! strain! and @oungs odulus

for stru'tural aterials.

• A33ly the stress+strain eBuation to 'al'ulate ho9 a33lied for'es defor

stru'tures.• Cal'ulate the oent of inertia of various bea geoetries and

deterine ho9 bea geoetry affe'ts the stiffness and strength of beas

• Use dial 'ali3ers and dial indi'ators to a-e a''urate easureents of

the diensions and defle'tions of stru'tural beas.

• A33ly for'es to 'antilever beas and easure bea defle'tions.

This lab re3ort 'ontains ulti3le se'tions that e3lain the results of the bea

bending lab. In the first se'tion! tas- (! the lab 9or-sheet is dis'ussed in its entirety. In

tas- )+,! the data and gra3h for ea'h individual bea is dis'ussed also. #ollo9ing these

tas-s! the four dis'ussion Buestions are ans9ered. #inally! the 'on'lusion se'tion is the

last 3art of the lab.

Ta& 2

The bea bending lab 9or-sheet on e'el that 9as 3rovided to the students 9as an

etreely useful tool. Students had to 'ontinuously re'ord data throughout the entire

duration of the lab. Students 9ere able to easily ty3e in all the values into the e'el

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9or-sheet. This hel3ed 9ith tie anageent and! as a result! effi'ien'y during the

lab. The bea bending 9or-sheet does the 'al'ulations for the students. It 3lots the

defle'tion vs. for'e and the theoreti'al defle'tion and a33lies a linear trend line to both.

The 9or-sheet goes in order fro tas- ) to tas- ,. It has s3a'es for students to re'ord

all the values easured during lab. Under the s3a'es designated for in3utting data!

there is a gra3h for ea'h tas-.

The nuber in 'ell H%1 refers to the oent of inertia for the aluinu bea. It

uses the eBuation in 'ell 8%1 9hi'h ta-es the 9idth of the bea ulti3lied by the

thi'-ness of the bea 'ubed all divided by %(. This value is used to find the theoreti'al

defle'tion 9hi'h is 3lotted on the gra3h for ea'h bea as the red line. The oent of

inertia is 'al'ulated for all five beas using the sae 3ro'ess as 'ell H%1.

Ta& '()

The 3ur3ose of tas- )+, 9as to easure defle'tion for five different beas in order

to find out 9hi'h one 9as the strongest. Students re'orded values for ten different

9eights that 9ere a33lying for'es on the beas. The aount of defle'tion that the

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bea 9as e3erien'ing 9as re'orded using the dial indi'ator. The defle'tion vs. for'e

gra3h 9as 3lotted autoati'ally by the lab 9or-sheet for ea'h bea and students 9ere

able to iediately see the a''ura'y of their results by 'o3aring their data to the

theoreti'al defle'tion line.

The fun'tion of the dial indi'ator 9as to easure the defle'tion in in'hes of ea'h

bea. The dial indi'ator is very 3re'ise and 'an a-e a''urate easureents to the

thousandths 3la'e in in'hes. The dial indi'ator is read in t9o ste3s. #irst! students read

a sall dial 9hi'h indi'ated the tens 3la'e and se'ond! they read the large dial 9hi'h

indi'ated the thousandths 3la'e.

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#igure (7 Table and 8ra3h of Tas- )

Ta& '

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In this tas-! the easureents 9ere very a''urate. It 'an be seen on the gra3h that

the red theory line runs alost through all the re'orded data 3oints in blue. There 9as

also very sall 3er'ent error for these easureents 9ith the highest 3er'ent error

rea'hing only %2.

#igure (7 Table and 8ra3h of Tas- 1

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10Beam Bending Lab


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Ta& *

#or this tas-! the defle'tion of a steel bea 9as easured. The error in the

easureents 9as a little larger than the error for tas- ). egardless! the

easureents 9ere still a''urate and the data 3oints stay relatively 'lose to the theory

line as 'an be seen fro the gra3h. The highest 3er'ent error 9as only )%.

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#igure 17 Table and 8ra3h of Tas- *

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Ta& +

In tas- *! the defle'tion of an aluinu bo bea 9as easured. On'e again! the

re'orded values 9ere a''urate as 'an be seen by both the 3er'ent error and the gra3h.

The 3er'ent error values 'ontinuously gro9 saller as the 9eight gets larger and the

values see to be a33roa'hing a 'onstant.

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#igure *7 Table and 8ra3h of Tas-

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Ta&

In this tas-! the defle'tion for a 3olystyrene 3lasti' bea 9as easured. The

easureents for this bea 9ere etreely a''urate. The 3er'ent error is very sall

and the theory line runs alost dire'tly through all of the data 3oints. The first data 3oint

re'eived a 3er'ent error of (). The se'ond and third 3oints re'eived 3er'ent errors of

0 and (.

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#igure 7 Table and 8ra3h of Tas- ,

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Ta& )

In the final tas-! the defle'tion for a bass9ood bea 9as easured. The

easureents for this bea 9ere also a''urate be'ause on'e again there is sall

3er'ent error and the theory line runs very 'losely to all of the data 3oints.

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-i#uion .uetion

%. The strength of aterials and stru'tures is etreely i3ortant in our everyday

lives be'ause alost every9here 9e go or loo- 9e see any things that are built

9ith strong aterials in order to aii


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the gra3h it 9as 'lear that the 3lasti' defle'ted the ost at the lo9est for'e

a33lied.1.

Con#luion

Throughout the duration of this lab! the students 9ere e3osed to stress! strain!

@oungs odulus! oent of inertia! for'e! and defle'tion. After a-ing use of these

'on'e3ts during lab! a 'on'lusion 9as dra9n about the strongest and 9ea-est beas

tested. The strongest bea 9as found to be the steel bea. The 9ea-est 9as found to

be the 3olystyrene 3lasti'. This 9as verified 9hen the for'e vs. defle'tion for all five

beas 9as 3lotted on one gra3h.

During the lab! not any diffi'ulties 9ere fa'ed. Ho9ever! one diffi'ulty 9as

a-ing sure that the iniu and aiu values 9ere a''urate be'ause if the

9eight 9as not adusted 3ro3erly! then the dial indi'ator 9ould not 3rodu'e the sae

reading. Another diffi'ulty that 9as fa'ed 9as easuring the 9idth and thi'-ness of

ea'h bea. The dial 'ali3er is etreely 3re'ise and at ties it 9as a little bit diffi'ult to

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Material Used elative Strength:%+%2;

Strongest Steel 4ea 0.*

Aluinu Cantilever 4ea /./

Aluinu 4o 4ea /.*

4ass9ood 4ea 1.%

?ea-est >olystyrene >lasti' 4ea (.2


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get the ea't reading. Other than those t9o! there 9ere no other diffi'ulties e3erien'ed

during the lab.

Beam Bending Lab Report Grading Guidelines (100 pts)

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Contents Points

Worth

Point

Value

Report Formatting 5 pts

1. Cover Sheet with proper formatting, Table of Contents, and List of

Illustrations

2

2. Exeutive Summar! "

ntrodu!tor" Paragraphs (#$5 lines) 5 pts

1.#rief introdution of ob$etives%goals of the lab. "

2.#rief introdution to the ontents of the Lab &eport. 2

%as& ' Beam Bending Lab Wor&sheet 10 pts

1.'esribe the ontents of the #eam #ending Lab (or)sheet and desribe how

it is organi*ed.+

2.'esribe the Exel formula in Cell 1+ of the (or)sheet. To whih

E-uation umber in the /reparation 'oument does it refer0 nd whih

other alulations in the (or)sheet use the number in Cell 1+0

%as&s #$ *easure the !hara!teristi!s o+ all o+ the !antile,er beams #0 pts

1.#riefl! state the purpose of Tas)s "34. 5

2.(hat was the funtion of the 'ial Indiator0 ow did !ou read the dial0 5

".Cop! and paste the data tables and graphs from Tas)s " 3 4 into !our Lab

&eport and disuss eah graph. (ere !our measurements aurate0 If not,

wh! not0

15

+./lot 'efletion versus pplied 6ore for all five beams on the same graph.

/lae this graph in !our report and disuss the results.5

-is!ussion .uestions 1 / %hese are to be ansered in "our report /0 pts

'isussion 7uestion 1 18

'isussion 7uestion 2 18

'isussion 7uestion " 18

'isussion 7uestion + 18

L2B Report Con!lusion 10 pts

%otal 100 pts

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beam bending lab report

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