be info smart
TRANSCRIPT
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1
S kills to gather information
U nveil the treasures of the Web
R efine your search
F ind relevant resources
Be Info Smart
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2Objective of Research Skills
To teach fundamental search skills that will help you to retrieve the necessary information and
materials needed for the AEM – Fundamentals of Tourism Management Assessments.
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3Situation 1: Feel helpless
Help! I do not know where to start for my project.
Help! I do not know where to start for my project.
Situation 2: Feel lost
Like finding a needle in the haystack
Situation 3: Feel dizzySituation 4: Feel Excited
Research for relevant materialsfor projects/assignments
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4Please take note
We seek your cooperation not to access other sites other than those needed for the scavenger hunt
during this session
Let’s play a game quiz
““Treasure hunt in the cyberworld”Treasure hunt in the cyberworld”
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Choose a topic oryou are given a
topic
1
Identify main concepts
2
4Know the tools to
find info
Find various sources of info 5
Evaluate theinformation
7
Improve search and refine
6
Research SkillsCycle
Use Boolean Operators
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Choose a topic
I already know
something about this…
This is interesting!
I think there are
lots of information
on this…
Which topic should I choose?
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7Explore the forms of information
Dictionaries
Books
Encyclopedia
Magazines
VideosNewspapers
INTERNET
LIBRARY
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8Primary vs Secondary Sources
PRIMARY SOURCE
• Original documents: autobiographies, diaries, e-mails, interviews, letters, minutes, news film footage, official records, photographs, government documents or data, speeches
• Written by the author or organisation that collects the information
SECONDARY SOURCE
• Explains or reviews research works
• Examples: textbooks, newspaper articles, encyclopedias written by a reporter who had nothing to do with the actual research.
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9DictionariesTo find meaning of words
Librarian’s Top Picks
• Dictionary.comhttp://dictionary.reference.com/
• Merriam-Webster Onlinehttp://www.m-w.com/home.htm
• BioTech Life Science Dictionaryhttp://biotech.icmb.utexas.edu/search/dict-search.html
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Librarian’s Top Picks
• Encyclopedia.comhttp://www.encyclopedia.com/
• About.com ( Biology)http://biology.about.com/
• Columbia Encyclopediahttp://www.bartleby.com/65/
EncyclopediasTo find overview of a topic
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11Reference Sources Dictionaries, Encyclopedias, Directories, Almanacs etc.
Librarian’s Top Picks
• Bartleby.comhttp://www.bartleby.com/
• Ref Desk.comhttp://www.refdesk.com/
• Library Spothttp://www.libraryspot.com/
• Wall Street Executive Library http://www.executivelibrary.com/
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12
Identify main ideas
1
Find keywords & alternative terms
2 3
Use Boolean Operators
UseWildcards 4Use Double Quotes
& Parenthesis
5Construct search
strategy
6
Construct a Search Strategy
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13Construct Search Strategy
Step 1: Identify main ideas
Project:
Marketing of tourist destinations
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14Search StrategyList Alternative terms
Step 2: Find alternative terms
Keywords:
Alternative terms:
attractions
holiday spots
visitortraveler
advertising
selling
promoting
destinationstouristMarketing
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Search StrategyBoolean Operators
Step 3: Combine keywords with Boolean operators : OR, AND, NOT
OR broadens search
marketing advertising
or
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AND narrows search
destinationsmarketing and
Step 3: Combine keywords with Boolean operators : OR, AND, NOT
Search StrategyBoolean Operators
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NOT limits searchmarketing and destinations NOT shopping
destinations
marketing
and
shopping
NOT
Step 3: Combine keywords with Boolean operators : OR, AND, NOT
Search StrategyBoolean Operators
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Useful for searching variations of a root word
market*– market, markets, marketing etc…
touris*– tourist, tourists, tourism
destination*– destination, destinations
Step 4: Use of wildcards (*, ?, $)
Search StrategyWildcards
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Step 5: To group parts of terms for meaningful search
“tourist destinations”, “holiday spots”
Words appear as a phrase
market* AND touris* AND (destination* OR attraction* OR “holiday spot*”)
Nesting group parts of the search strategy together using parentheses. Works like
complex expression in algebra
Search StrategyPhrase/Parenthesis
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Form meaningful search phrases using Boolean operators and wildcards
Use search phrases to search in Library OPAC & Internet
SEARCH STRATEGY:
(market* OR advertis* OR promot*) AND tour* AND (destination* OR attraction*) NOT shopping*
Marketing of tourist destinations
Search StrategyConstructing Search Strategy
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Sources of Information
Search for Web resources
Use search engines
Materials available in
National Library or NP Library
How to locate?
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Find resources in the Library using
OPAC
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2. Click the blue Subject button for Subject Search
1. Access NP Library OPAC through http://libopac.np.edu.sg
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3. Type in one or two keywords for your topic
e.g. corporate sponsorship
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You will get a list of Subject Terms containing
the word you typed
4a. Click on one of the Subject Hyperlinks
4b. Or to select more than one subject, place checkmarks beside subjects of interest,
click Display Selections
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You will then be presented with a
results list
5. If you are interested in a particular title, click on
the Title hyperlink.
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The Subjects field describes the content
nature of the bookExpand your search with these subject
terms
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6. Locate the book from the Library
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LIFESTYLE COLLECTION
The Book Collection is categorised under the following clusters:
biographybusiness & management
cartoons & comicscomputers & Internet
creativity & innovation
entertainment
fiction food & beveragesgeneral – social sci, pol.
health & medical hobbies home & family
humour languages lifeskills
science & technology sports travel & culture
true stories design
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Let’s try another topic in the Subject Search e.g.
food beverage
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You may sometimes encounter this screen in
OPAC.Usually due to wrong use
of words.
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In other words, to find the proper terms for
Subject Search, you need to know what subject
headings the LCSH uses for your topic of interest.
Keywords used in Subject Search must be
in accordance to the Library of Congress Subject Headings or
LCSH in short.
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1. Type the your keywords into Quick Search and do a Title
Search e.g. food beverage
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2. Click on one title which is most relevant.
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4. Click on New Search icon
3. Look through the Subjects field and take
note of the Subject terms used by OPAC.
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5. Click the Subject button for Subject Search
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6. Type the subject terms noted earlier e.g. food service management
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7. You will get a list of Subject Headings related
to the topic of interest
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Another useful type of search is the Advanced Search
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40Select field to search in.
To expand your search, choose
Anywhere.
Select Boolean
Operator to use.
Type keywords. Use ** to expand
your search.
You may also choose to limit
the material type. e.g.
Videorecording
Search for OPAC Videorecordings
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Type in your subject term here e.g.
tourism
Run the search
Search for OPAC Videorecordings
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42Search for OPAC VideorecordingsBrowse through your results list
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Finding information via NLB OPAC
• National Library Board’s OPAC: books, magazines and AV in public libraries
• Call numbers used follows the Dewey Decimal Classification
• Use the advanced search option in NLB catalogue to limit your searches (by year, language & form of material)
Search NLB online catalogue
000 Generalities
100 Philosophy & Psychology
200 Religion
300 Social Sciences
400 Language
500 Natural Sciences & Mathematics
600 Technology
700 The Arts
800 Literature
900 Geography and History
000 Generalities
100 Philosophy & Psychology
200 Religion
300 Social Sciences
400 Language
500 Natural Sciences & Mathematics
600 Technology
700 The Arts
800 Literature
900 Geography and History
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Go to NLB website
http://www.nlb.gov.sg
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Allows searching by multiple keywords, Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) &
Wildcards (*)
Search by subject fields e.g. Subjects
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Select the relevant subject term
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Select the title that is of interest to you
List items on Tourism Marketing
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The subjectsdepict the
nature of contentin the book
Check the location and
the availability of the book
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Hint: Search NLB OPAC (Keywords Search) (http://www.nlb.gov.sg)
I would like to find a book on fast food restaurants from a public library.
1. What is the subject heading used for the book entitled “Resisting McDonalization”?
2. Name one library where I can find this book.
Scavenger Hunt: #1Find a library book
AnswersAnswers
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• Newspaper / Magazine Articles– Current and up-to-date information
• Subject Specific Web Directories– Business-related websites and information
Specialised Web Sources
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Newspaper ArticlesCurrent & Back Issues
Librarian’s Top Picks
• AsiaOne.com: Gateway to local online newspapers.http://www.asia1.com/
• Yahoo! Singapore news: News search enginehttp://sg.news.yahoo.com/
• Singaporenews.net: updated news headlines with links to local newspapers http://singaporenews.net
• AllYouCanRead.com: online directory of magazines, newspapers and news from Singapore http://www.allyoucanread.com/news/singapore_news.asp
• Newslink: Gateway to foreign and local newspapers.http://newslink.org/
• Online Newspapers.com: Covers newspapers worldwide.http://www.onlinenewspapers.com/
• Asian News Archives on the Web: Archives to local and foreign newspapers.http://www.ibiblio.org/slanews/internet/asia.htm
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53AsiaOne.com: http://www.asia1.com/
Type keywords of your search
Type keywords of your search
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Newspapers Archives
• Channel News Asia http://www.channelnewsasia.com
• 7-day archives
• The Electric New Paper http://newpaper.asia1.com.sg/
• 7-day archives
• Today Online http://www.todayonline.com/index_home.htm
• 6-day archives
• Newspaper Articles archivesFactiva Database in NLB libraries
• From 1992
The following requires subscription:Straits Times Interactive (http://straitstimes.asia1.com.sg/) 7 days archives Business Times Online (http://business-times.asia1.com.sg/) 7 days archives
Newspaper ArticlesCurrent & Back Issues
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• Use the Multimedia Stations at all branches of National Library
• The news database is called Factiva
• The charge for using the multimedia station is 3 cents per minute
• Printing at $0.30 per A4 page. No saving on diskette. You can send e-mails of the articles.
• Pay with Cashcard
Find back-issues of newspaper articles at National Library
Newspaper ArticlesCurrent & Back Issues
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Hint: AsiaOne.com website (http://www.asia1.com.sg/)
Find a newspaper article about the winning design of the winner of the IR bid.
1. Which newspaper did the article appear and what is the date of the featured article?
2. What was the design that won the hearts of the judging architects in paragraph 5?
Scavenger Hunt: #2Find newspaper articles
AnswersAnswers
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Librarian’s Top Picks
• FindArticles.com: collection of full-text articles from over 500 publications http://www.findarticles.com/PI/index.jhtml
• E-journal articles (Open access): electronic gateway to global journal literature in open access domain http://openj-gate.com/
• Google Scholar: search for article across the Web http://scholar.google.com/
• HighWire: a collection of scientific and medical journals http://highwire.stanford.edu/
• MagPortal.com: a free service that helps you find individual magazine articles posted on the Web http://www.magportal.com/
Magazines/PeriodicalsTo find relevant articles
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Type the keyworde.g. ASEAN tourism
industry
Magazines/PeriodicalsTo find relevant articles
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Click on any title
of interest
Magazines/PeriodicalsTo find relevant articles
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60Magazines/PeriodicalsTo find relevant articles
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Hint: Find Articles (http://www.findarticles.com)
Scavenger Hunt: #3Find a magazine article
AnswersAnswers
I would like to find articles about resort management.
1. Double Diamond Cos. is the owner of what type of resort?
2. Which system is used to centralise their operations?
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Finding treasures on the Web
Major Search Engines & Subject Directories
Which search engines & subject directories to use?
Meta Search EnginesWhen do I use meta search engines?
Local Search EnginesWhen do I use local engines?
Specialized Search EnginesWhen do I use local engines?
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Search Engines Tips
“ ” Double quotes Phrase searcheg. “tourism industry”
+ plusWord must be present in results eg. +management
- minus Word must not be presenteg. +tourism -casinos
* AsteriskWord stems must be
present eg. tour*
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• Read Help / Search Tips
• Use lower case when typing in keywords
• Be specific when using keywords
– eg. marketing tourist destinations
• Consider synonyms and alternative terms
– eg. marketing or promoting (use “or”)
• Consider British & American spelling
– eg. organisation, organization = organi* (use wildcard)
• Use more than one search engine to be more
comprehensive
Search Engines Tips
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65Search Engines Tips
• For definitions of words or phrases, use either define word or define:word
Examples: • define itinerary• define:itinerary
• To search for particular file type, use filetype:[extension]
Examples: • filetype:pdf• filetype:doc
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Librarian’s Top Picks
1st
http://www.google.com
2nd
http://www.yahoo.com
3rd
http://www.msn.com
• Search engines use spiders or crawlers (robot programs) to find the sites you want
• Query the search engine by typing keywords
• Nowadays search engines are accompanied by subject directories
• Web resources are organised under broad subject headings for easy browsing (subject directory)
• Use more than one search engine
MAJOR SEARCH ENGINES & SUBJECT DIRECTORIES
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Fast, ranking of relevant websites by popularity
Award-winning, has over one billion URLs
Winner of Outstanding Search Service
Retrieves websites linked by many others
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Search by keywords
Browse by subject areas
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World Wide Web Local Search Engines
Librarian’s Top Picks
1st
http://www.sg
Powered by Google!2nd
http://www.yahoo.com.sg
3rd
http://www.msn.com.sg
Looking for Singapore
information and
websites?
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• Allows you to find information within different fields
• Focused searching
Specialized Search Engines
Librarian’s Top Picks
http://smealsearch2.psu.edu/index.html/
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Hint: smealsearch.com (http://smealsearch2.psu.edu/index.html/)
I am interested in finding a web article on marketing tourism
1. What is the title of the first article retrieved?
2. Name at least three topics that are covered in the article.
AnswersAnswers
Scavenger Hunt: #4Find information from SMEALSearch
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• Also known as metacrawlers
• Concurrently searches many search engines
• One-stop shopping search site
Librarian’s Top Picks
1st
http://www.dogpile.com/
2nd
http://clusty.com/ (Vivisimo)
3rd
http://search.ask.com/
World Wide Web Meta search engines
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75World Wide Web Meta search engines
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World Wide Web Meta search engines
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Hint: Vivisimo (http://vivisimo.com/)
Scavenger Hunt: #5Use Meta Search Engine
AnswersAnswers
Use Clusty search engine to find information on dark tourism.
1. What is the other term used for describing dark tourism?
2. What is dark tourism usually associated with?
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Analyse & evaluate your results
1. Currency- When was the web-site last revised?- Does the date of update correspond to the information found?
2. Authority - Check if documents are reliable - Check the author’s credibility - Is the site from a reputable organisation?
Are my search results good? Is the information correct
and reliable?
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3. Reliability - Is the site biased in any way?
5. Accuracy- Check if it is free from errors (factually, typographically, etc.)
4. Scope - Check the length & content- Does it contain facts OR opinions?- Does the coverage differ between printed and web format?
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ImagesLibrarian’s Top Picks
• Google multimedia searchhttp://images.google.com/
• Altavista multimedia searchhttp://www.altavista.com/sites/search/simage
• Clip Art Galleryhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/index.html
• Getty Imageshttp://www.gettyimages.com/
• Creative Commons http://creativecommons.org/
• Pics4Learning http://pics.tech4learning.com/
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Images
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Hint: Google Images (http://images.google.com/)
Scavenger Hunt: #6Find images
AnswersAnswers
I need a photo of tourism products.
1. What is the title of the news article that was retrieved in the results?
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Overview
Search for Web resources
Use search engines
Materials available in
National Library
How to locate?
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Choose a topic oryou are given a
topic
1
Identify main concepts
2
4Know the tools to
find info
Find various sources of info 5
Evaluate theinformation
7
Improve search and refine
6
Research SkillsCycle
Use Boolean Operators
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Congratulations!You’ve learnt the skills to
find information effectively!
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86Scavenger Hunt: #1Find a library book
I would like to find a book on fast food restaurants from a public library.
1. What is the subject heading used for the book entitled “Resisting McDonalization”?
Consumer behavior, Franchises (Retail trade), Marketing, Consumption (Economics), Capitalism, Fast food restaurants, Industrial management, McDonald's Corporation.
2. Name the branch library where I can find this book.
Lee Kong Chian Reference Library
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Type some keywordsof the title
Answer to scavenger hunt 1 : Find a library book
Search by subjects
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Click on the subject heading
Answer to scavenger hunt 1 : Find a library book
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Click on the relevant title
Answer to scavenger hunt 1 : Find a library book
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Look under thesubject field
Branch library that holds the
book
Answer to scavenger hunt 1 : Find a library book
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91Scavenger Hunt: #2Find newspaper articles
Find a newspaper article about the winning design of the winner of the IR bid.
1. Which newspaper did the article appear and what is the date of the featured article?The Straits Times, 27 May 2006.
2. What was the design that won the hearts of the judging architects in paragraph 5? The design had three slanting hotel towers overlooking three low-rise waterfront domes with roofs like waves.
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Answer to scavenger hunt 2 : Find a newspaper article
Type the keywords e.g. IR and win*
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Click on the title to retrieve the full text article
Answer to scavenger hunt 2 : Find a newspaper article
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Answer to scavenger hunt 2 : Find a newspaper article
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I would like to find articles about resort management.
1. Double Diamond Cos. is the owner of what type of resort?
Golf resort and spa.
2. Which system is used to centralise their operations?
Micros Systems OPERA Enterprise Solution
Scavenger Hunt: #3Find a magazine article
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Type the keywords e.g. resort
management
Answer to scavenger hunt 3 : Find a magazine article
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Click on the hyperlink
Answer to scavenger hunt 3 : Find a magazine article
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Answer to scavenger hunt 3 : Find a magazine article
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99Scavenger Hunt: #4Find information from SMEALSearch
I am interested in finding a web article on marketing tourism
1. What is the title of the first article retrieved?
Rural Tourism: An Annotated Bibliography
2. Name at least three topics that is covered in the article.
Topics covered include tourism planning and development, tourism marketing, tourism and rural development, tourism and sustainable development, economic and other effects of tourism, heritage tourism, nature-based tourism/ecotourism, and agritourism.
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Type the keywords
Click on the title hyperlink
Answer to scavenger hunt 4: Use SMEALSearch search engine
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Answer to scavenger hunt 4: Use SMEALSearch search engine
Article title
Read the abstracts for topics covered
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Hint: Vivisimo (http://vivisimo.com/)
Scavenger Hunt: #5Use Meta search engine
Use Clusty search engine to find information on dark tourism.
1. What is the other term used for describing dark tourism?
Thanatourism
2. What is dark tourism usually associated with?
It involves traveling to sites associated with death and suffering.
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Type thekeywords
Answer to scavenger hunt 5: Use Meta search engine
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Answer to scavenger hunt 5: Use Meta search engine
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Answer to scavenger hunt 5: Use Meta search engine
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I need a photo of tourism products.
1. What is the title of the news article that was retrieved in the results?
“Turn off-road events into tourism products”
Scavenger Hunt: #6Use Meta search engine
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Type the keywords
Answer to scavenger hunt 6: Find images