bcpp6e tb ch11

Chapter 11—Business Report Basics

DIFFICULTY (DIF) TYPE OTHER CODES5 = Most difficult Ap: Application question ANS: Answer3 = Average difficulty Con: Conceptual question REF: Page Reference1 = Least difficult Def: Definition OBJ: Chapter Objective

NOT: Note (feedback/explanations)AAC: AACSB Competencies

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following statements about business reports is most accurate?a. Business reports are uncommon in low-context cultures.b. Management decisions in many are organizations are based on information submitted in the

form of reports.c. To be considered a business report, a document must be at least ten pages long.d. All of the above are accurate statements.

ANS: B DIF: 3 REF: p. 311 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT:a. Business reports are common in low-context cultures such as North America.b. Management decisions in many organizations are based on information submitted in the form

of reports.c. Business reports range from informal half-page trip reports to formal 200-page financial

forecasts.d. Management decisions in many organizations are based on information submitted in the form

of reports.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PatternsAAC: Tier 1—Diversity; Tier 2—ContextsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

2. What is the common purpose of all business reports?a. To make the writer of the report look goodb. To comply with government regulationsc. To answer questions and solve problemsd. To make money for the organization

ANS: C DIF: 3 REF: p. 312 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT A-D:Although reports vary greatly in length, content, form, and formality level, they all have a common purpose: to answer questions and solve problems.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

3. Which of the following reports is an example of an informational report?a. A report that recommends one of four different wireless servicesb. A report that compares three sites for a new restaurant location and recommends onec. A report showing how a company has complied with IRS regulationsd. A report that presents several alternatives for handling an internal problem, including

recommendations for the best solution

312

313 UNIT 4 Reports, Proposals, and Presentations

ANS: C DIF: 5 REF: p. 312 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ApTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT:a. A report that recommends one of four different wireless services is an analytical report.b. A report recommending one of three sites for a restaurant location is an analytical report

because it would need to provide data, analyses, conclusions, and recommendations.c. A report showing a company’s compliance with IRS regulations is informational.d. A persuasive report presenting several alternatives for handing an internal problem would be

analytical because it would need to provide data, analyses, conclusions, and recommendations.

AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

4. Which of the following reports is an example of an analytical report?a. A report giving the details about a conference attendedb. A report showing that a public company is in compliance with SEC regulationsc. A report describing a new company policyd. A report recommending one of three network security systems

ANS: D DIF: 5 REF: p. 312 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ApTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT:a. A report giving the details about a conference attended is informational.b. A report showing the company’s compliance with SEC regulations is informational.c. A report describing a new company policy is informational.d. A report recommending one of three network security systems is analytical because it would

need to provide data, analyses, conclusions, and recommendations.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

5. In which of the following situations is the direct pattern of organization used for a business report?a. When readers must be persuadedb. When readers are unfamiliar with the problemc. When readers may be disappointed or hostile toward the report’s findingsd. When readers are familiar with the topic

ANS: D DIF: 3 REF: p. 312 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT:a. Use the indirect pattern of organization when readers must be persuaded.b. Use the indirect pattern of organization when readers are unfamiliar with the problem.c. Use the indirect pattern of organization when readers may be disappointed or hostile toward

the report’s findings.d. Use the direct pattern of organization when readers are familiar with the topic.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Receiver reactions, Conclusion

6. In which of the following situations is the indirect pattern of organization used for a business report?a. When readers are familiar with the topic.b. When readers must be educated about the topic.c. When readers are supportive of the topic.

CHAPTER 11 Business Report Basics 314

d. The indirect method should be used in all of the above cases.ANS: B DIF: 3 REF: p. 312 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT:a. Use the direct pattern of organization when readers are familiar with the topic.b. Use the indirect pattern of organization when readers are unfamiliar with the topic and must be educated about it.c. Use the direct pattern of organization when readers are supportive of the topic.d. Use the indirect pattern of organization when readers are unfamiliar with the topic and must

be educated about it.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Receiver reactions, Conclusion

7. An indirectly organized analytical report might follow which outline?a. Introduction/Background, Facts/Findings, Summaryb. Introduction/Problem, Facts/Findings, Discussion/Analysis, Conclusions/Recommendationsc. Introduction/Problem, Conclusions/Recommendations, Facts/Findings, Discussion/Analysisd. Introduction/Problem, Conclusions/Recommendations, Discussion/Analysis, Facts/Findings

ANS: B DIF: 3 REF: pp. 314-315 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT A-D:An indirectly organized analytical report might follow this outline: Introduction/Problem, Facts/Findings, Discussion/Analysis, Conclusions/Recommendations.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

8. A directly organized informational report might follow which outline?a. Introduction/Background, Facts/Findings, Summaryb. Introduction/Problem, Facts/Findings, Discussion/Analysis, Conclusions/Recommendationsc. Introduction/Problem, Conclusions/Recommendations, Facts/Findings, Discussion/Analysisd. Introduction/Problem, Conclusions/Recommendations, Discussion

ANS: A DIF: 3 REF: pp. 313-314 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT A-D:A directly organized informational report might follow this outline: Introduction/Background, Facts/Findings, Summary.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

9. Which of the following reports would most likely be written using an informal writing style?a. A thesis submitted by a PhD studentb. A report presenting the findings of a six-month research study about consumer preferencesc. A report written to your supervisor summarizing a conference you attendedd. A business proposal written to secure a contract with a governmental agency

ANS: C DIF: 5 REF: p. 316 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ApTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT:a. A thesis would be written using a formal writing style.b. A report presenting the results of a research study would be written using a formal writing

style.


c. A noncontroversial report to an insider would be written using an informal writing style.d. A complex proposal written to an outsider would be written using a formal writing style.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

10. You’ll be writing a business report for a client and want to use a formal writing style. Which of the following should you do?a. Emphasize active-voice verbs.b. Avoid including your own opinions and perceptions.c. Use first-person pronouns.d. Use shorter sentences and familiar words.

ANS: B DIF: 5 REF: p. 316 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ApTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT:a. When using a formal writing style, use passive-voice verbs.b. Reports written in a formal writing style should not include the author’s opinions and

perceptions.c. When using a formal writing style, use third-person pronouns.d. When using a formal writing style, use complex sentences and long words.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

11. Which of the following constructions uses the best writing style for a formal report?a. After checking several references, the company decided to hire the consulting firm of

Anderson, Williams, and Pardee.b. After considerable research, we have decided to order the Aptura computer from ISB for our

office staff.c. My research shows companies are recognizing the benefits of telecommuting.d. Our findings support implementing the new tracking system at once.

ANS: A DIF: 5 REF: p. 316 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ApTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT A-D:Most formal reports use third-person constructions (“the company” instead of “we,” “my,” and “our”) to help convey objectivity, authority, and impartiality.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

12. Informal reports are written in a style that usesa. contractions.b. first-person pronouns, such as I, we, and our.c. occasional humor and colorful speech.d. All of the above.

ANS: D DIF: 3 REF: p. 316 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT A-D:Informal reports are written in a style that uses contractions, first-person pronouns, and occasional humor and colorful speech.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, Rhetorical considerations


AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

13. Which of the following types of reports would not be sent to someone outside the organization?a. Manuscript formatb. Digital formatc. Letter formatd. Memo format

ANS: D DIF: 3 REF: pp. 316-317 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT:a. Reports in manuscript format can be sent outside the organization.b. Reports in digital format can be sent outside the organization.c. Reports in letter format can be sent outside the organization.d. Reports in memo format stay within organizations.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

14. Short (eight or fewer pages) informal reports addressed outside an organization are usually presented ina. memo format.b. manuscript format.c. letter format.d. handwritten format.

ANS: C DIF: 3 REF: p. 316 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT:a. Memo reports are for short informal reports that stay within an organization.b. Manuscript format is used for longer, more formal reportsc. Short (eight or fewer pages) informal reports addressed outside an organization are usually

presented in letter format.d. Short (eight or fewer pages) informal reports addressed outside an organization are usually presented in letter format.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

15. Long formal reports are usually printed on plain paper ina. memo format.b. manuscript format.c. letter format.d. handwritten format.

ANS: B DIF: 3 REF: p. 316 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT:a. Short informal reports that stay within an organization are usually presented in memo format.b. Long formal reports are usually printed on plain paper in manuscript format.c. Short informal reports going outside an organization are usually printed in letter format.d. Long formal reports are usually printed on plain paper in manuscript format.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose



16. Which of the following is an example of a digital report?a. A report prepared as a PDF documentb. A PowerPoint slide deck that is posted onlinec. A Microsoft Word document that has hyperlinks to multimedia contentd. All of the above are examples of digital reports.

ANS: D DIF: 3 REF: p. 317 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT A-D:All of these (PDF documents, PowerPoint slide decks, and Microsoft Word documents with hyperlinks to multimedia content) are examples of digital reports.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Word processing, Communication evolutionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

17. The first step in writing a report is toa. prepare a work plan.b. implement your research strategy.c. analyze the problem and purpose.d. compose the first draft.

ANS: C DIF: 3 REF: p. 317 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ConTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT A-D:The first step in writing a report is understanding the problem or assignment clearly.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

18. Which of the following is the best advice for a business report writer?a. Prepare a written purpose statement at the beginning of the project.b. Analyze only the primary reader of the report.c. Work plans are useful for only the longest and most formal of reports.d. All of the above.

ANS: A DIF: 5 REF: pp. 317-319 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ApTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT:a. Preparing a written purpose statement is a good idea because it defines the focus of a report

and provides a standard that keeps the project on target.b. Concentrating solely on a primary reader is a major mistake.c. Preparing a work plan encourages you to evaluate your resources, set priorities, outline a

course of action, and establish a time schedule, which can be useful for any type of report.d. Preparing a written purpose statement is a good idea because it defines the focus of a report

and provides a standard that keeps the project on target.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

19. Which of the following is an effective statement of purpose for an informational report?a. The purpose of this study is to inform the reader of the many different features offered on the

2009 Porsche Panamera automobile.b. The purpose of this study is to analyze ways to offer our customers the best service possible.


c. The purpose of this study is to solve the problem of employee turnover at the company’s Westside store.

d. The purpose of this study is to determine which of three computer systems to purchase for our Marketing Department staff.

ANS: A DIF: 5 REF: pp. 317-318 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ApTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT:a. This is an effective statement of purpose for an informational report.b. This would be an effective statement of purpose for an analytical report.c. This would be an effective statement of purpose for an analytical report.d. This would be an effective statement of purpose for an analytical report.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

20. The issues or elements to be investigated in a research project are defined in thea. significance of the study.b. scope of the study.c. recommendations to be offered.d. limitations of the study.

ANS: B DIF: 3 REF: p. 318 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ConTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT:a. The significance of the study tells the reader why the topic is worth investigating.b. The scope of the study defines the issues or elements to be investigated in a research project.c. The scope of the study defines the issues or elements to be investigated in a research project.d. Limitations of the study include conditions that affect the generalizability and utility of a

report’s findings.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PatternsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

21. An expanded statement of purpose for a study includes three additional factors. What are they?a. Scope, significance, and limitationsb. Scope, conclusions, and recommendationsc. Work plan, significance, and limitationsd. Scope, findings, conclusions, and recommendations

ANS: A DIF: 3 REF: p. 318 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ConTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT A-D:The scope, significance, and limitations of a report problem are included in an expanded statement of purpose for a study.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

22. Gretchen is writing a report about ways to recruit top business school graduates and is determining why the topic is worth investigating at this time. Gretchen is looking at thea. scope.b. limitations.c. significance.d. purpose.


ANS: C DIF: 5 REF: p. 318 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ApTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT A-D:Gretchen is looking at the significance of her report, which asks the question “Why is this topic worth investigating at this time?”AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

23. In planning his report, Wesley breaks the major investigative problem into subproblems. This process is sometimes calleda. visualizing the problem.b. focusing the problem.c. factoring the problem.d. expanding the problem.

ANS: C DIF: 5 REF: p. 319 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ApTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT A-D:Wesley is factoring the problem, the process that identifies issues to be investigated or possible solutions to the main problem.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PatternsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

24. Anticipating the audience for a report helps the writer to determinea. how much background material to include.b. whether to include jargon.c. what method of organization to follow.d. all of the above.

ANS: D DIF: 3 REF: p. 319 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ConTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT A-D:Anticipating the audience helps a report writer determine how much background material to include, how much detail to add, whether to include jargon, what method of organization and presentation to follow, and what tone to use.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

25. A good work plan for a business research project does not usually includea. a work schedule.b. a research strategy.c. a summary of the conclusions.d. a statement of the problem.

ANS: C DIF: 3 REF: p. 320 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ConTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT A-D:A work plan usually includes a statement of the problem, a statement of the purpose, a tentative outline, a research strategy, and a work schedule. It does not include a summary of the conclusions, which would not be known yet.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion


26. What type of data result from first-hand experience and observation?a. Primary datab. Secondary datac. Unreliable datad. All of the aboveANS: A DIF: 5 REF: p. 322 OBJ: 11-3 TYPE: ApTOP: Gathering Information From Secondary SourcesNOT A-D:Primary data result from firsthand experience and observation.AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

27. Nina is conducting research on using blogs and wikis in the workplace. Her least valuable source of information for this topic will probably bea. books.b. credible Web sites.c. magazines.d. newspapers.

ANS: A DIF: 5 REF: p. 324 OBJ: 11-3 TYPE: ApTOP: Gathering Information From Secondary SourcesNOT A-D:Books will probably be Nina’s least valuable source of information because they become outdated more quickly than Web sites, magazines, and newspapers.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolutionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

28. A collection of information stored electronically so that it can be accessed by computer and digitally searched is aa. journal.b. book.c. database.d. card catalog.

ANS: C DIF: 1 REF: p. 324 OBJ: 11-3 TYPE: DefTOP: Gathering Information From Secondary SourcesNOT A-D:A database is a collection of information stored electronically so that it is accessible by computer and is digitally searchable.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolutionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

29. ABI/INFORM, Factiva, LexisNexis, and EBSCO area. card catalogs.b. online catalogs.c. Web sites.d. electronic databases.

ANS: D DIF: 1 REF: p. 324 OBJ: 11-3 TYPE: DefTOP: Gathering Information From Secondary SourcesNOT A-D:ABI/INFORM, Factiva, LexisNexis, and EBSCO are electronic databases that are the most useful to business writers.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolution



30. Select the least accurate statement about the Web.a. The Web is a highly organized collection of information from around the world.b. The Web offers such items as product and service facts, public relations material, mission

statements, government information, and employment information.c. The Web is an ever-expanding democratic medium where anyone can be a publisher.d. The Web contains multimedia content ranging from digital sound files to vivid images and

video files.

ANS: A DIF: 3 REF: pp. 325-326 OBJ: 11-4 TYPE: ConTOP: The World Wide WebNOT:a. The Web lacks organization and is constantly changing, which can make finding exactly

what you need frustrating and time-consuming.b. These are just a few of the many types of information that can be located on the Web.c. The Web is an ever-expanding democratic medium where anyone can be a publisher and

consume most of its boundless content free of charge.d. The Web contains multimedia content, including digital sound, image, and video files.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolutionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

31. Select the most accurate statement about the Web.a. The Web can be accessed only from desktop and laptop computers.b. The Web started as an exclusive network linking businesspeople.c. Virtual communities are common for personal use but have no business applications.d. The fastest-growing sector of the Web is blogs.

ANS: D DIF: 3 REF: p. 325-326 OBJ: 11-4 TYPE: ConTOP: The World Wide WebNOT:a. The Web can be accessed from laptop computers, desktop computers, smartphones, wireless

personal digital assistants (PDAs), and other wireless devices.b. The Web started as an exclusive network linking scientists, academics, military people, and

other “tech heads.”c. Virtual communities encourage teamwork among strangers and can help technical experts

and other specialists to collaborate.d. The fastest growing sector of the Web is blogs (short for weblogs); the sector is sometimes

called the “blogosphere.”AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolutionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

32. Google, Yahoo, Dogpile, About, and Ask are examples ofa. search tools.b. Web browsers.c. electronic databases.d. spiders.

ANS: A DIF: 3 REF: p. 326 OBJ: 11-4 TYPE: ConTOP: The World Wide WebNOT A-D:Google, Yahoo, Dogpile, About, and Ask are examples of search tools.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolution



33. Which of the following is the best advice for searching the Web?a. Choose your favorite search tool and use it exclusively so that you can master it.b. Use just one or two keywords when conducting a search.c. Use quotations marks to search for phrases.d. All of the above.

ANS: C DIF: 3 REF: p. 327 OBJ: 11-4 TYPE: ConTOP: The World Wide WebNOT:a. Use two or three search tools for a more comprehensive search.b. Use up to six or eight keywords; more words can narrow the search effectively.c. Phrases, surrounded by quotation marks, generally limit search results to specific matches.d. Phrases, surrounded by quotation marks, generally limit search results to specific matches.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolutionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

34. Select the most accurate statement about the Web.a. Information posted at most sites has undergone the same editing and scrutiny given to articles

in scholarly publications.b. Researchers can safely assume that the information contained in sites posted on the Web

by individuals and companies is reputable.c. Wikis, blogs, and discussion forum entries are short-lived and change constantly.d. Information on the Web is just as reliable as data from traditional sources.

ANS: C DIF: 5 REF: pp. 329-330 OBJ: 11-4 TYPE: ApTOP: The World Wide WebNOT:a. While many sites on the Internet are reputable, information posted at many sites has not

undergone the same editing and scrutiny of scholarly publication procedures.b. Researchers should evaluate the currency, authority, content, and accuracy of Web sites

carefully since many sites are unreliable.c. Although wikis, blogs, and discussion forum entries turn up in many Web searches, they are

short-lived and change constantly.d. Information on the Web is much less reliable than data from traditional sources.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolutionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

35. Jamal is evaluating the information he found on a Web site before he includes it in a business report he is writing. He asks, “Who publishes or sponsors this Web site?” What is Jamal evaluating?a. The currency of the Web siteb. The authority of the Web sitec. The content of the Web sited. The accuracy of the Web site

ANS: B DIF: 5 REF: p. 330 OBJ: 11-4 TYPE: ApTOP: The World Wide WebNOT A-D:While many sites on the Internet are reputable, information posted at many sites is not. Jamal is evaluating the authority of the Web site.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolution



36. You should begin nearly every business report assignment by a. generating primary data.b. asking your colleagues for help.c. evaluating the available secondary data.d. selecting the type of paper on which you’ll print it.

ANS: C DIF: 5 REF: p. 330 OBJ: 11-5 TYPE: ApTOP: Gathering Information From Primary SourcesNOT A-D:You should begin nearly every business report assignment by evaluating the available secondary data.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PatternsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

37. Sources of primary information includea. electronic databases.b. periodicals and newspapers.c. surveys and interviews.d. information on the Web.

ANS: C DIF: 3 REF: p. 330 OBJ: 11-5 TYPE: ConTOP: Gathering Information From Primary SourcesNOT:a. Electronic databases provide secondary information.b. Periodicals and newspapers provide secondary information.c. Sources of primary information include surveys and interviews.d. Information found on the Web is secondary data.AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

38. Which of the following is not a useful guideline for preparing effective surveys?a. Use questions that produce qualitative answers.b. Limit the number of questions.c. Avoid leading or ambiguous questions.d. Conduct a pilot study.

ANS: A DIF: 3 REF: pp. 331-333 OBJ: 11-5 TYPE: ConTOP: Gathering Information From Primary SourcesNOT:a. Use questions that produce quantifiable answers so that they will be easy to tabulate.b. Limit the number of questions.c. Avoid leading or ambiguous questions that might influence a respondent’s answer.d. Conduct a pilot study to test the questions.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Audience, Purpose, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

39. The best question to include in a survey isa. How do you feel about a flat-rate income tax?b. Do you approve of a flat-rate income tax?c. What benefits do you feel a flat-rate income tax will offer?d. Why are you in favor of a flat-rate income tax?


ANS: B DIF: 5 REF: p. 331 OBJ: 11-5 TYPE: ApTOP: Gathering Information From Primary SourcesNOT:a. Avoid open-ended questions in a survey because answers to them will be difficult to tabulate.b. Use questions that produce quantifiable answers in a survey.c. Avoid open-ended questions in a survey because answers to them will be difficult to tabulate.d. Avoid open-ended questions in a survey because answers to them will be difficult to tabulate.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Audience, Purpose, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Consequences, Conclusion

40. Which of the following is an effective question to use in a survey?a. Don’t you agree that hotel workers are extremely deserving of a 7 percent pay increase because of all the hard work they do?b. Do hotel workers deserve a 7 percent pay increase?c. Should hotel workers accept a 4 percent pay increase, or should they go on strike?d. Do hotel workers, one of the hardest working and least respected segments of American society, deserve a 7 percent pay increase?

ANS: B DIF: 5 REF: pp. 331-333 OBJ: 1-5 TYPE: ApTOP: Gathering Information From Primary SourcesNOT:a. This question is ineffective because it is leading.b This question is effective because it is neutral.c. This question is ineffective because it asks two different things.d. This question is ineffective because it is leading.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Audience, Purpose, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Consequences, Conclusion

41. Estelita, a student who is researching forensic accounting, is preparing to interview an experienced accountant. To conduct an effective interview, Estelita shoulda. learn as much as possible about the forensic accounting field before conducting the

interview.b. try to do most of the talking during the interview to put the interviewee at ease.c. ask as many yes-or-no questions as possible to make things easier for the interviewee.d. engage the accountant in a debate to display her knowledge.

ANS: A DIF: 5 REF: p. 333 OBJ: 11-5 TYPE: ApTOP: Gathering Information From Primary SourcesNOT:a. To prepare for the interview, Estelita should research the background and terminology of the

topic.b. Estelita should let the interviewee do most of the talking during the interview.c. Estelita should ask open-ended questions, not yes-or-no questions, to get the most

information possible.d. Estelita should avoid debating the interviewee.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Audience, Purpose, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Consequences, Conclusion

42. Which of the following situations would most likely require observation or scientific experimentation?a. You want to find out what tools are available to protect your customers from identity theft.b. You need to determine the average time it takes your customer service representatives to

process a customer return.


c. You must find out which ten companies had the largest stock price increases in 2008.d. You want to verify your supervisor’s opinion on offering stock options.

ANS: B DIF: 5 REF: p. 334 OBJ: 11-5 TYPE: ApTOP: Gathering Information From Primary SourcesNOT A-D:The only situation that would require observation or scientific research is determining the average time it takes your customer service representatives to process a customer return.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Audience, Purpose, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Analytic; Tier 2—Truthfulness, EstimatingAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Consequences, Conclusion

43. Nicole will carefully document her sources in a report she is submitting to her boss. Which of the following is a reason that Nicole should do this?a. To strengthen her argumentb. To instruct her readerc. To protect herself against charges of plagiarismd. All of the above are reasons for documenting report data

ANS: D DIF: 5 REF: p. 334 OBJ: 11-6 TYPE: ApTOP: Documenting DataNOT A-D:All of these (to strengthen her argument, to instruct her reader, and to protect herself against charges of plagiarism) are reasons Nicole should carefully document her sources.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Ethics; Tier 2—Plagiarism, Personal, corporate, legal, ethical responsibilitiesAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Consequences, Conclusion

44. Which of the following statements would need to be documented in a report?a. The Web is a popular research tool.b. People use the Web for a wide variety of purposes.c. One third of all teenagers who use the Internet say they have been targets of cyberbullying.d. All of the above.

ANS: C DIF: 5 REF: p. 335 OBJ: 11-6 TYPE: ApTOP: Documenting DataNOT:a. This statement is common knowledge and would not need to be documented.b. This statement is common knowledge and would not need to be documented.c. This statement is not common knowledge and would need documentation.d. The statement about cyberbullying use is not common knowledge and would need

documentation.AAC: Tier 1—Ethics; Tier 2—Plagiarism, Personal, corporate, legal, ethical responsibilitiesAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Consequences, Conclusion

45. Paraphrasinga. involves accurately presenting ideas from another source in your own words and sentence

structure.b. involves presenting ideas from another source using the exact wording of the original source.c. involves presenting ideas from another source without documentation.d. requires the report writer to use the same grammatical structure of the original author when

presenting another’s ideas.


ANS: A DIF: 3 REF: p. 336 OBJ: 11-6 TYPE: ConTOP: Documenting DataNOT:a. Paraphrasing involves accurately presenting ideas from another source in your own words

and sentence structure.b. Report writers may use the exact wording of another author, but they must enclose the words

in quotation marks and include documentation.c. Paraphrases and direct quotations both require proper documentation.d. Paraphrases should reflect the report writer’s own wording and grammatical structure.AAC: Tier 1—Ethics; Tier 2—Plagiarism, Personal, corporate, legal, ethical responsibilitiesAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Consequences, Conclusion

46. Knowledgeable report writers use direct quotations toa. repeat identical phrasing of a source because of its precision and clarity.b. provide objective background data and establish the severity of a problem.c. duplicate the exact wording of a source before criticizing.d. all of the above.

ANS: D DIF: 3 REF: p. 337 OBJ: 11-6 TYPE: ConTOP: Documenting DataNOT A-D:Report writers should use direct quotations for each of these purposes.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Ethics; Tier 2—Plagiarism, Personal, corporate, legal, ethical responsibilitiesAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Consequences, Conclusion

47. Kristin has a large amount of quantitative data made up of exact figures that she needs to present in a report. Kristin should present this data using a(n)a. pie chart.b. line chart.c. table.d. organization chart.

ANS: C DIF: 5 REF: p. 337-338 OBJ: 11-7 TYPE: ApTOP: Illustrating DataNOT A-D:A table presents quantitative data in systematic columns and rows and is, therefore, most appropriate for Kristin to use to present exact figures in her report.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Analytic; Tier 2—Numbers in visual displayAAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Data conversionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

48. The best choice for showing changes in a company’s yearly sales for the last five years is a(n)a. pie chart.b. line chart.c. flow chart.d. organization chart.

ANS: B DIF: 5 REF: p. 340 OBJ: 11-7 TYPE: ApTOP: Illustrating DataNOT:


a. Pie charts are useful for displaying a whole unit and the proportion of its components.b. A line chart is the best choice for showing changes over time.c. Flow charts effectively display processes or procedures. d. Organization charts define a hierarchy of elements.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Analytic; Tier 2—Numbers in visual displayAAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Data conversionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

49. Terrance needs to select one visual tool that will compare related items, illustrate changes in data over time, and show segments as part of the whole. His best choice is a(n)a. pie chart.b. line chart.c. illustration.d. bar chart.

ANS: D DIF: 5 REF: p. 340 OBJ: 11-7 TYPE: ApTOP: Illustrating DataNOT A-D:Bar charts are useful to compare related items, illustrate changes in data over time, and show segments as a part of the whole.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Analytic; Tier 2—Numbers in visual displayAAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Data conversionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

50. When you incorporate a graphic in the body of your report, you shoulda. use a good deal of color to improve readability.b. manipulate the visual to make data look more dramatic.c. be sure to include a reference to the graphic in the text.d. assume that the reader will draw the same conclusions you did from the set of data.

ANS: C DIF: 3 REF: pp. 342-343 OBJ: 11-7 TYPE: ConTOP: Illustrating DataNOT:a. Don’t overuse color or decorations.b. It is unethical to manipulate data in a visual.c. Be sure to refer to each graphic in the text.d. Because you can’t assume that the reader will draw the same conclusions you did, it’s

wise to explain each graphic.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Analytic; Tier 2—Numbers in visual displayAAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Data conversionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

TRUE/FALSE

1. Based on their function, business reports usually fall into one of two categories: informational or analytical.


ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 312 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Most business reports can be placed in one of two broad categories: informational or analytical.AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

2. The common purpose of all business reports is to answer questions and solve problems.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 312 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Although reports vary greatly in length, content, form, and formality level, they all have a common purpose: to answer questions and solve problems.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

3. Clay has been asked by his boss to research and recommend a firewall for the company network. Clay should write an analytical report.

ANS: T DIF: 5 REF: p. 312 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ApTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Because he will need to present data, analyses, and conclusions and recommendations, Clay should write an analytical report.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

4. Tamara attended a professional conference and must submit a report to her supervisor. She should write an analytical report.

ANS: F DIF: 5 REF: p. 312 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ApTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Because she will need to present data without analysis or recommendations, Tamara should write an informational report.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis Conclusion

5. Reports organized in a indirect pattern are usually preferred by readers because this organizational pattern follows the way in which we solve problems.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 314 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Most readers prefer the indirect pattern because it presents the details and then the main idea, an organizational pattern that is usually used to solve problems.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Receiver reactions, Conclusion

6. If readers are familiar with or supportive of the topic, the report should be organized indirectly.

ANS: F DIF: 3 REF: p. 312 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Reports should be organized directly when readers are supportive of or familiar with the topic.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, Audience


AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Receiver reactions, Conclusion

7. Ben started his report with a description of the problem. He followed this with his facts and findings. Finally, he ended his report with his conclusions and recommendations. Ben has used the indirect pattern to write his report.

ANS: T DIF: 5 REF: p. 314-315 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ApTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Ben has used the indirect pattern in his report.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

8. Formal research reports prepared for those outside an organization usually tend to project an impression of objectivity, authority, and impartiality.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 316 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Formal reports, such as a proposal, sent outside an organization must project an impression of objectivity, authority, and impartiality.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, Audience, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Receiver reactions, Conclusion

9. Luz should use a manuscript format for a long, formal report being sent to one of her company’s clients.

ANS: T DIF: 5 REF: p. 316 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ApTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Long, formal reports sent outside the organization should use a manuscript format.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Receiver reactions, Conclusion

10. Printed forms are useful for presenting repetitive data, such as monthly sales reports, performance reviews, and merchandise inventories.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 317 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Prepared printed forms are often used for repetitive data, such as monthly sales reports, performance appraisals, merchandise inventories, and personnel and financial reports.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

11. The first step in the report-writing process is analyzing the problem and purpose.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 317 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ConTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT: The first step in writing a report is understanding the problem or assignment clearly.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

12. An example of a simple statement of purpose for a business report might be To select the best location for Sun Coast Bank’s new branch office.


ANS: T DIF: 5 REF: p. 318 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ApTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT: This simple statement of purpose helps define the focus of the report.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

13. An expanded statement of purpose includes three additional factors: the scope, significance, and limitations of the report.ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 318 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ConTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT: Scope, significance, and limitations are all included in an expanded statement of purpose.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

14. Business report writers should anticipate both primary and secondary audiences.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 319 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ConTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT: Report writers must consider their secondary as well as primary audience.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

15. A work plan gives a complete description of a research project, including how the investigator plans to generate or collect data.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 320 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ConTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT: A work plan describes the entire research project and includes how the investigator plans to generate or collect data.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, Audience, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

16. Nearly every research project should begin with a search of secondary data.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 323 OBJ: 11-3 TYPE: ConTOP: Gathering Information From Secondary SourcesNOT: Locating secondary sources on your topic can save you time and prevent you from duplicating research that has already been done.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

17. You are reading an article in The Wall Street Journal that discusses the research findings of a Centers for Disease Control study on workplace hazards. This newspaper article is an example of secondary data.

ANS: T DIF: 5 REF: p. 324 OBJ: 11-3 TYPE: ApTOP: Gathering Information From Secondary SourcesNOT: A newspaper article is an example of secondary data.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

18. The ability to access information electronically has made using books for business research obsolete.


ANS: F DIF: 3 REF: p. 324 OBJ: 11-3 TYPE: ConTOP: Gathering Information From Secondary SourcesNOT: Books are quickly outdated but are useful for historical information on a topic.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion


19. Corporations rarely used blogs because of their informality and social reputation.

ANS: F DIF: 3 REF: p. 326 OBJ: 11-4 TYPE: ConTOP: The World Wide WebNOT: Corporate blogs are growing in popularity as companies begin to understand their marketing potential.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolutionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

20. The two types of search tools are subject directories and search engines.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 326 OBJ: 11-4 TYPE: ConTOP: The World Wide WebNOT: Subject directories and search engines are the two categories of search tools.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolutionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

21. In some search tools you can use Boolean operators, such as AND, OR, and NEAR, to narrow your search.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 327 OBJ: 11-4 TYPE: ConTOP: The World Wide WebNOT: Boolean operators, such as AND, OR, and NEAR, can be used in some search tools to limit your search.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolutionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

22. Business researchers can safely assume that the great majority of Internet sources are reliable.

ANS: F DIF: 3 REF: pp. 329-330 OBJ: 11-4 TYPE: ConTOP: The World Wide WebNOT: Because the Web is rampant with unreliable sites, business researchers should carefully scrutinize the information that they locate on the Internet.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolutionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

23. When evaluating a Web site, if you find numerous errors, you should be alert that the data may be questionable.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 330 OBJ: 11-4 TYPE: ConTOP: The World Wide WebNOT: Errors in spelling, grammar, or usage can be clues that the data on a Web site is unreliable.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolutionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

24. Primary data can be generated from surveys, interviews, observation, and experimentation.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 330 OBJ: 11-5 TYPE: ConTOP: Gathering Information From Primary SourcesNOT: Providing answers to business problems often means generating primary data through surveys, interviews, observation, or experimentation.AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion


25. The best survey questions are open-ended because they provide qualitative data.

ANS: F DIF: 3 REF: p. 331 OBJ: 11-5 TYPE: ConTOP: Gathering Information From Primary SourcesNOT: Answers to open-ended questions provide data that is difficult to quantify.AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

26. Are you in favor of requiring seatbelts to save lives? is an example of a leading question.

ANS: T DIF: 5 REF: pp. 331-333 OBJ: 11-5 TYPE: ConTOP: Gathering Information From Primary SourcesNOT: This is an example of a leading question and should be avoided in surveys because they can influence respondents’ answers. For example, this question may influence respondents to say they are in favor of requiring seatbelts since most people favor saving lives.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

27. When little has been written on a research topic, some of the best information comes from interviews with experts in the field.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 333 OBJ: 11-5 TYPE: ConTOP: Gathering Information From Primary SourcesNOT: Interviews with experts in the field will produce valuable information, particularly for topics on which little has been written.AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

28. Open-ended questions produce the best results in an interview with an expert.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 333 OBJ: 11-5 TYPE: ConTOP: Gathering Information From Primary SourcesNOT: Use open-ended, rather than yes-or-no, questions to draw experts out.AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

29. Formal experimentation produces data suggesting causes and effects.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 334 OBJ: 11-5 TYPE: ConTOP: Gathering Information From Primary SourcesNOT: Experimentation is useful for producing data that suggests causes and effects.AAC: Tier 1—Analytic; Tier 2—Truthfulness, EstimatingAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

30. Documenting data presented in a research report strengthens your argument.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 334 OBJ: 11-6 TYPE: ConTOP: Documenting DataNOT: Including good data from reputable sources will convince readers of your credibility and the logic of your reasoning.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Ethics; Tier 2—Plagiarism, Personal, corporate, legal, ethical responsibilitiesAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Consequences, Conclusion

31. An individual who is caught plagiarizing or using words or ideas without giving proper credit faces the possibility of losing his or her job.


ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 335 OBJ: 11-6 TYPE: ConTOP: Documenting DataNOT: An individual could face the possibility of losing his or her job if caught plagiarizing.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Ethics; Tier 2—Plagiarism, Personal, corporate, legal, ethical responsibilitiesAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Consequences, Conclusion

32. Documenting data is necessary in academic reports but not in business reports.

ANS: F DIF: 3 REF: p. 335 OBJ: 11-6 TYPE: ConTOP: Documenting DataNOT: It is wise to document data in both academic and business reports.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Ethics; Tier 2—Plagiarism, Personal, corporate, legal, ethical responsibilitiesAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Consequences, Conclusion

33. Brodie is writing a report and has found an excellent source of information on the Web. The best way for Brodie to include this information is to cut-and-paste the information directly into his report without referring to the original author’s name.

ANS: F DIF: 5 REF: p. 336 OBJ: 11-6 TYPE: ApTOP: Documenting DataNOT: If Brodie copies the material directly into his report without documenting it, he is guilty of plagiarism. He should carefully paraphrase and document the information that he includes in his report.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Ethics; Tier 2—Plagiarism, Personal, corporate, legal, ethical responsibilitiesAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Consequences, Conclusion

34. As long as you put the research you find into your own words, you don’t have to cite your source.

ANS: F DIF: 3 REF: p. 336 OBJ: 11-6 TYPE: ConTOP: Documenting DataNOT: Even when you paraphrase your findings, you must still provide a reference to the source author.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Ethics; Tier 2—Plagiarism, Personal, corporate, legal, ethical responsibilitiesAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Consequences, Conclusion

35. Graphics can be used in a business report to clarify data, make numeric data meaningful, and create visual interest.ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 337 OBJ: 11-7 TYPE: ConTOP: Illustrating DataNOT: Graphics help clarify data, create visual interest, and make numeric data meaningful.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Analytic; Tier 2—Numbers in visual displayAAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Data conversionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion


36. Stacey wants to illustrate how her company’s sales have increased over the past five years. She should use a pie chart to do this.

ANS: F DIF: 5 REF: p. 340 OBJ: 11-7 TYPE: ApTOP: Illustrating DataNOT: Stacey should use a line chart, which is useful for showing changes in quantitative data over time.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Analytic; Tier 2—Numbers in visual displayAAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Data conversionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

37. Travis wants to come up with a graphic that will clearly show new staff members how a customer’s order proceeds from sales to delivery. The best graphic for him to use is a flow chart.

ANS: T DIF: 5 REF: p. 341 OBJ: 11-7 TYPE: ApTOP: Illustrating DataNOT: Procedures are simplified and clarified by diagramming them in a flow chart.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Analytic; Tier 2—Numbers in visual displayAAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Data conversionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

38. Gabrielle is preparing a visual that will show what percentage each expense is of her company’s total expenses. An organization chart will best illustrate this data.

ANS: F DIF: 5 REF: p. 341 OBJ: 11-7 TYPE: ApTOP: Illustrating DataNOT: Gabrielle should use a pie chart, which will enable her readers to see a whole and the proportion of its components.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Analytic; Tier 2—Numbers in visual displayAAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Data conversionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

39. Table 4 shows that three fourths of the respondents oppose the proposed tax is a complete and effective reference to a visual aid in a report.

ANS: T DIF: 5 REF: pp. 341-342 OBJ: 11-7 TYPE: ApTOP: Illustrating DataNOT: This reference tells the reader what to look for.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Analytic; Tier 2—Numbers in visual displayAAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Data conversionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

40. Some business reports include photographs, maps, and illustrations to add authenticity and to prepare a visual record.

ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: p. 342 OBJ: 11-7 TYPE: ConTOP: Illustrating DataNOT: Photographs, maps, and illustration can add authenticity and a visual record to a report.


AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion


COMPLETION

1. Reports that present data without analysis or recommendations are classified as _____________ reports.

ANS: informationalDIF: 3 REF: p. 312 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Reports that involve routine operations, compliance with regulations, and company policies and procedures are classified as informational reports.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

2. Reports that provide data, analyses, conclusions, and recommendations are classified as _____________ reports.

ANS: analyticalDIF: 3 REF: p. 312 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Reports that provide data, analyses, conclusions, and recommendations are classified as analytical reports.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

3. Your boss wants to know the results of your research findings immediately. You should organize your report using the ____________ pattern.

ANS: directDIF: 5 REF: p. 312 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ApTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Your boss wants to know the results of your research findings immediately. You should organize your report using the direct pattern.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

4. Yahaira has a great idea for a new fund-raiser for the nonprofit organization for which she works, but she is afraid her boss will be resistant to her idea. Yahaira’s report should be written using the __________ pattern.

ANS: indirectDIF: 5 REF: p. 314-315 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ApTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Because Yahaira’s report may meet with resistance, it should be written using the indirect pattern.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

5. Theses, research studies, and complex reports are usually written using a ___________ writing style.

ANS: formalDIF: 3 REF: p. 316 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report Basics


NOT: A formal report writing style is generally used for theses, research studies, and complex reports.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

6. For short, informal reports that stay within organizations, the ____________ format with its TO, FROM, DATE, and SUBJECT lines is appropriate.

ANS: memoDIF: 3 REF: p. 316 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: For short, informal reports that stay within organizations, the memo format with its TO, FROM, DATE, and SUBJECT lines is appropriate.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

7. Lamont is writing a short six-page report to a client. He should use the _________ format and print his report on company letterhead.

ANS: letterDIF: 5 REF: p. 316 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ConTOP: Understanding Report BasicsNOT: Lamont is writing a short six-page report to a client. He should use the letter format and print his report on company letterhead.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

8. To determine the best location for a new retail store is an example of a simple statement of ____________.

ANS: purposeDIF: 5 REF: p. 318 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ApTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT: “To determine the best location for a new retail store” is an example of a simple statement of purpose.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

9. An expanded statement of ____________ includes the scope, significance, and limitations of the study.

ANS: purposeDIF: 3 REF: p. 318 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ConTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT: An expanded statement of purpose includes the scope, significance, and limitations of the study.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

10. The ____________ of the study tells what issues or elements will be investigated.

ANS: scopeDIF: 1 REF: p. 318 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: Def


TOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT: The scope of the study tells what issues or elements will be investigated.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

11. The ______________ of a study tells why the topic is worth investigating at this time.

ANS: significanceDIF: 1 REF: p. 318 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: DefTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT: The significance of a study tells why the topic is worth investigating at this time.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

12. Krista is developing her ___________ plan, which will include a statement of the problem, a statement of purpose, a tentative outline of her report, her research strategy, and the work schedule.

ANS: workDIF: 5 REF: p. 320 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ApTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsNOT: Krista is developing her work plan, which will include a statement of the problem, a statement of purpose, a tentative outline of her report, her research strategy, and the work schedule.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

13. Most research projects should begin with ____________ data collection to locate information that someone else has gathered.

ANS: secondaryDIF: 3 REF: pp. 322-323 OBJ: 11-3 TYPE: ConTOP: Gathering Information From Secondary SourcesNOT: Most research projects should begin with secondary data collection to locate information that someone else has gathered.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

14. Yahoo!, Google, and Ask are examples of ____________ engines or tools that are used to locate information on the Web.

ANS: searchDIF: 5 REF: p. 326 OBJ: 11-4 TYPE: ApTOP: The World Wide WebNOT: Yahoo!, Google, and Ask are popular search engines or tools used to locate information on the Web.AAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolutionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

15. To solve a company’s specific current problems for which little secondary data exist, business researchers usually rely heavily on ____________ data such as surveys, interviews, and observation.


ANS: primaryDIF: 3 REF: p. 330 OBJ: 11-5 TYPE: ConTOP: Gathering Information From Primary SourcesNOT: To solve a company’s specific current problems for which little secondary data exist, business researchers usually rely heavily on primary data such as surveys, interviews, and observation.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns AAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

16. ____________ the words or ideas of another person in a report strengthens your argument, protects you, and instructs the reader.

ANS: DocumentingDIF: 3 REF: p. 334 OBJ: 11-6 TYPE: ConTOP: Documenting DataNOT: Documenting the words or ideas of another person in a report strengthens your argument, protects you, and instructs the reader.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Audience, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Ethics; Tier 2—Plagiarism, Personal, corporate, legal, ethical responsibilitiesAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

17. Using the words or ideas of another person without properly acknowledging the source is called ____________.

ANS: plagiarismDIF: 1 REF: p. 334 OBJ: 11-6 TYPE: DefTOP: Documenting DataNOT: Using the words or ideas of another person without properly acknowledging the source is called plagiarism.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Audience, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Ethics; Tier 2—Plagiarism, Personal, corporate, legal, ethical responsibilitiesAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

18.Effective report writers ____________ an original passage by restating it in their own words and in their own style.

ANS: paraphraseDIF: 3 REF: p. 336 OBJ: 11-6 TYPE: ConTOP: Documenting DataNOT: Effective report writers paraphrase an original passage by restating it in their own words and in their own style.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Audience, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Ethics; Tier 2—Plagiarism, Personal, corporate, legal, ethical responsibilitiesAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

19. ____________ use systematic columns and rows to clarify large quantities of data visually in a report or for an oral presentation.

ANS: TablesDIF: 3 REF: p. 337 OBJ: 11-7 TYPE: ConTOP: Illustrating DataNOT: Tables use systematic columns and rows to clarify large quantities of data visually in a


report or for an oral presentation.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Analytic; Tier 2—Numbers in visual displayAAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Data conversionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

20. ____________ charts show the chain of command, from the boss down to the line managers and employees.

ANS: OrganizationDIF: 3 REF: p. 341OBJ: 11-7 TYPE: ConTOP: Illustrating DataNOT: Organization charts show the chain of command, from the boss down to the line managers and employees.AAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Analytic; Tier 2—Numbers in visual displayAAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Data conversionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

ESSAY

1. Most business reports fit into two broad categories. List and describe these two categories; then present one original example of each.

ANS: Student answers will vary but should include the following two categories:

a. Informational reports: Reports that present data without analysis or recommendations are informational.Example: A report describing a new company e-mail policy.

b. Analytical reports: Reports that provide data, analyses, and conclusions are analytical. If requested, writers also supply recommendations. Analytical reports may intend to persuade readers to act or change their beliefs.Example: A report written to one’s supervisor recommending that the department implement a flexible work schedule.

DIF: 5 REF: p. 312 OBJ: 11-1 TYPE: ApTOP: Understanding Report BasicsAAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PatternsAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion, Theory application

2. You have been assigned a project to study the possibility of outsourcing your company’s payroll function. Following your research, your report will recommend whether payroll processing should remain in-house or be handled by an outside payroll firm. Analyze the problem and purpose of this task; then prepare an expanded statement of purpose that includes scope, significance, and limitations.

ANS: Student answers will vary.

Expanded Statement of Purpose: The purpose of this report is to recommend how the company


payroll will be handled in the future. The report will consider two options: keeping payroll processing in-house and outsourcing the payroll function to an outside payroll company. It will also measure employee reactions to each option. The report is significant because the company’s payroll has become complex and expensive to process in-house, and outsourcing may result in cost savings and reduced paperwork. The study is limited to the payroll part of accounting only. All other accounting functions will remain in-house.

DIF: 5 REF: pp. 317-319 OBJ: 11-2 TYPE: ApTOP: Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process to ReportsAAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Purpose, AudienceAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion, Theory application

3. Business researchers use both primary and secondary data when preparing business reports. Compare these two types of data, describing each source, and explaining when each would be used. Then give three examples of each type of data.


Secondary Data: Secondary data come from reading what others have experienced and observed. Secondary data are easier and cheaper to develop than primary data; therefore, nearly every research project should begin with collecting secondary data.Examples: books, periodicals (print and Web-based), electronic databases, World Wide Web

Primary Data: Primary data result from firsthand experience and observation. Business reports that solve specific current problems typically rely on primary, firsthand data.Examples: surveys, interviews, observations, experiments

DIF: 5 REF: pp. 322-334 OBJ: 12-3 TYPE: ApTOP: Gathering Information From Secondary Sources/The World Wide Web/Gathering Information Through Primary SourcesAAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Communication evolutionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Conclusion

4. A business report writer should always carefully document report data for three reasons. List and explain these reasons. Then describe four types of information that must be documented.


Three reasons for documenting data:1) To strengthen your argument: Including good data from reputable sources will convince

readers of your credibility and the logic of your reasoning.

2) To protect yourself against charges of plagiarism: Acknowledging your sources keeps you honest. Plagiarism, which is illegal and unethical, is the act of using others’ ideas without proper documentation.

3) To instruct the reader: Citing references enables readers to pursue a topic further and make use of the information themselves.

Types of information to document:1) Another person’s ideas, opinions, examples, or theories


2) Any facts, statistics, graphs, and drawings that are not common knowledge

3) Quotations of another’s actual spoken or written words

4) Paraphrases of another person’s spoken or written words

DIF: 5 REF: pp. 334-335 OBJ: 11-6 TYPE: ApTOP: Documenting DataAAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—Patterns, Rhetorical considerationsAAC: Tier 1—Ethics; Tier 2—Plagiarism, Personal, corporate, legal, ethical responsibilitiesAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Analysis, Consequences, Conclusion

5. Several types of graphics can be added to business reports to clarify data, create visual interest, and make numerical data meaningful. List five categories of graphics and explain the type of data each is used to illustrate. Then give an original example of when each could be used.

ANS: Student answers will vary but should include five of the following graphics.

a. Table: used to show exact figures and values.Example: To show a supermarket’s sales by department for a for several years.

b. Bar chart: used to compare related items, illustrate changes in data over time, and show

segments as a part of the whole.Example: To show a supermarket’s sales by department, side by side, for several years.

c. Line chart: used to demonstrate changes in quantitative data over time.Example: To show enrollment at a state university over the past five years.

d. Pie chart: used to visualize a whole unit and the proportions of its components.Example: To show the percentage of each expense as part of a company’s total expenses.

e. Flow chart: used to display a process or procedure.Example: To show the procedure employees must follow to file a workers’ comp claim.

f. Organization chart: used to define a hierarchy of elements.Example: To show where all positions fall within the chain of command.

f. Photograph, map, illustration: used to authenticate an incident, to spotlight a location, and to show an item in use.Example: To show the locations of five new branches that will be built over the next year.

DIF: 5 REF: pp. 337-342 OBJ: 11-7 TYPE: ApTOP: Illustrating DataAAC: Tier 1—Communication; Tier 2—PurposeAAC: Tier 1—Analytic; Tier 2—Numbers in visual displayAAC: Tier 1—Technology; Tier 2—Data conversionAAC: Tier 1—Reflective Thinking; Tier 2—Conclusion

bcpp6e tb ch11

Documents

rate income tax

create visual interest

companys total expenses

expanding democratic medium

network security systems

tier 1reflective thinking

tier 2receiver reactions

clarify large quantities