Battle of Iwo JimaBattle of Iwo Jima

Importance of Iwo JimaImportance of Iwo Jima Battle took place in February 1945, Part Of American 3 Point Plan to winning the war in the Battle took place in February 1945, Part Of American 3 Point Plan to winning the war in the

far east.far east. Iwo Jima is a small Pacific island – just over 4.5 miles long and 2.5 miles wide which lies at Iwo Jima is a small Pacific island – just over 4.5 miles long and 2.5 miles wide which lies at

the foot of the Bonin chain of islands, south of the main Japanese island of Honshu.the foot of the Bonin chain of islands, south of the main Japanese island of Honshu. Iwo Jima had a great tactical importance to the United States. The Island had two airfields Iwo Jima had a great tactical importance to the United States. The Island had two airfields

under Japanese control and could be used to attack American bombers on their flight to Japan. under Japanese control and could be used to attack American bombers on their flight to Japan. If under American control, the island could be used as an emergency landing base for If under American control, the island could be used as an emergency landing base for damaged airplanes in bombing raidsdamaged airplanes in bombing raids

The Japanese knew the importance of the islands location and were determined to keep control The Japanese knew the importance of the islands location and were determined to keep control of it. Under the command of Lieutenant-General Kuribayashi, 22,000 solders defended the of it. Under the command of Lieutenant-General Kuribayashi, 22,000 solders defended the island from United States invasion. island from United States invasion.

Seizing Iwo JimaSeizing Iwo Jima Due to the small size of the island, options for launching attacks were extremely limited. In Due to the small size of the island, options for launching attacks were extremely limited. In

fact, to do anything other than defend ferociously was nearly impossible.fact, to do anything other than defend ferociously was nearly impossible. Prior to landing on the island, America bombed Iwo Jima for more than two months led by Prior to landing on the island, America bombed Iwo Jima for more than two months led by

Admiral Raymond Spruance.Admiral Raymond Spruance. The First Day of the landings on Iwo Jima was February 19The First Day of the landings on Iwo Jima was February 19 thth 1945 and within the first day 1945 and within the first day

alone America had cut the island in half and took over 2,400 casualties. On the 2alone America had cut the island in half and took over 2,400 casualties. On the 2 ndnd day, day, marines attacked Mount Suribachi and after three days of fighting with the Japanese, U.S. marines attacked Mount Suribachi and after three days of fighting with the Japanese, U.S. Marines took over Suribachi on February 23Marines took over Suribachi on February 23 rdrd. .

By March 11By March 11thth, The Americans had trapped the Japanese in the islands most northern , The Americans had trapped the Japanese in the islands most northern extremity, Kitano Point.extremity, Kitano Point.

By March 16By March 16thth the island was declared secure and by March 26 the island was declared secure and by March 26 thth all resistance ceased. all resistance ceased. It took American a little over one month on the island to gain control. It took American a little over one month on the island to gain control. The Marines lost 6,891 men and 18,070 were woundedThe Marines lost 6,891 men and 18,070 were wounded. .

Battle of OkinawaBattle of Okinawa

Facts and MotivesFacts and Motives Took place April 1945. Also part of the three-point plan the Americans had for winning the Took place April 1945. Also part of the three-point plan the Americans had for winning the

war in the East.war in the East. More people died during the Battle of Okinawa than all those killed during the atomic More people died during the Battle of Okinawa than all those killed during the atomic

bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Known as the bloodiest battle of the Pacific war with a total of 225,000 deaths.Known as the bloodiest battle of the Pacific war with a total of 225,000 deaths. The island of Okinawa is the largest among the Ryukyus islands located at the southern tip of The island of Okinawa is the largest among the Ryukyus islands located at the southern tip of

Japan. Japan. Okinawa is roughly 60 miles long and between 2 and 18 miles wide. Okinawa is roughly 60 miles long and between 2 and 18 miles wide. Its location gave it strategic importance and possessed four airfields on the island that would Its location gave it strategic importance and possessed four airfields on the island that would

benefit America. benefit America. Japanese troops on the island were commanded by Lieutenant- General Ushijima who ordered Japanese troops on the island were commanded by Lieutenant- General Ushijima who ordered

to hold onto the island at all costs.to hold onto the island at all costs. The attack on Okinawa was scheduled for April 1The attack on Okinawa was scheduled for April 1stst 1945. 1945.

The BattleThe Battle In the days leading up to the invasion, the Americans had landed twenty miles southwest of In the days leading up to the invasion, the Americans had landed twenty miles southwest of

Hagushi Bay to secure an anchorage.Hagushi Bay to secure an anchorage. The American navy was severely attacked by Japanese Kamikaze pilots. Kamikaze, meaning The American navy was severely attacked by Japanese Kamikaze pilots. Kamikaze, meaning

“divine wind” consisted of the Japanese Air Group the kamikaze unit in which men “divine wind” consisted of the Japanese Air Group the kamikaze unit in which men volunteered to pilot air crafts that crashed into American warships in an effort to sink them. volunteered to pilot air crafts that crashed into American warships in an effort to sink them.

Out of the 193 kamikaze plane attacks launched against the American fleet, 169 were Out of the 193 kamikaze plane attacks launched against the American fleet, 169 were destroyed.destroyed.

300 warships and 60,000 American military had landed at Hagushi Bay and by April 20300 warships and 60,000 American military had landed at Hagushi Bay and by April 20 thth resistance from the northern section of the island had been eliminated.resistance from the northern section of the island had been eliminated.

On April 4On April 4thth the Battle of Okinawa took place in the southern part of the island when the Battle of Okinawa took place in the southern part of the island when American infantry divisions ran into the Machinato line, which brought a halt to American American infantry divisions ran into the Machinato line, which brought a halt to American advance. Meanwhile, kamikaze attacks sunk 21 warships and badly damaged 66.advance. Meanwhile, kamikaze attacks sunk 21 warships and badly damaged 66.

Ushijima ordered counter attacks that failed and by May 21Ushijima ordered counter attacks that failed and by May 21 stst ordered his troops to pull back ordered his troops to pull back from defending the Shuri Line.from defending the Shuri Line.

By June 2By June 2ndnd Okinawa was declared secure by Americans. Okinawa was declared secure by Americans. Ushijima had committed suicide days before.Ushijima had committed suicide days before.