basics of surge protection...busbar energy supplier company 6 lightning electromagnetic pulse 10/350...
TRANSCRIPT
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Basics of Surge Protection
Ing. Jiří Prchal
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Surges – What are we talking about?
U [V]
t [ms]
0
UN 230 V
Nominal
voltage
Duration
UTOV 260 V
Temporary
Overvoltage
Duration > 1msec
UTR 20.000 V
Transient
Overvoltage
Duration < 1msec 8
2
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Kinds of surges
Nuclear Explosion (NEMP)
Lightning (LEMP)
Switching action (SEMP)
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
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Lightnings are not predictable
Lightning rod of the
Space Shuttle launch pad
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How does a lightning enter the building?
Main bonding
busbar
F1
MDB
50% 50%
Energy supplier
company
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How does a lightning enter the building?
F1
MDB
Main bonding
busbar
Energy supplier
company
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Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse
10/350 µs
10 20 t
µs
i
î
1.0
0.5
0.0
0 100 200 300 350
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Switching Electromagnetic Pulse
(SEMP)
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Switching 500 kV
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Switchgear
Frequency converters
Blowing fuses / Triggered MCBs
Motor starters
Relays
Etc.
Sources for SEMPs
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Switching electromagnetic pulse (SEMP)
U0
t = 0
Cs
R
L
24 VDC
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Switching Electromagnetic Pulse
8/20 µs
8
10 20 t
µs
i
î
1.0
0.5
0.0
0 100 200 300 350
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Comparison of surge currents
10/350 µs
8/20 µs
8
10 20 t
µs
i
î
1.0
0.5
0.0
0 100 200 300 350
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Coupling mechanisms
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Mechanisms of coupling
Galvanic
High voltage drop due to the inductance of the
wire
Induktive
Voltage is imposed on adjacent wires by the
electromagnetic field
Capacitive
Influence is insignificant
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Function principle of SPDs
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Surge protection: Function principle
Surge is conducted
to the device
Surge on a wire - unprotected
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Surge protection: Function principle
Surge is discharged
by the SPD SPD
SPD = Surge Protective Device
Surge on a wire - protected
Basics of surge protection / Julian Saele / September 2015 18
Up
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Surge protection: Function principle
Surge coming from earth - unprotected
Surge is conducted
to the device
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Surge protection: Function principle
Surge coming from earth - protected
SPD
SPD
Surge is discharged
by the SPD
SPD = Surge Protective Device
20
Up
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Surge protection: Function principle
Optimized protection
SPD
SPD SPD
Surge is discharged
by the SPD
SPD = Surge Protective Device
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Name Designation Explanation
Nominal voltage UN Nominal system voltage
Max. continuous operating voltage UC
Protection level Up Highest voltage the SPD
Impulse discharge current Iimp • Lightning currents
• 10/350 µs current impulse
• Only for SPD Type 1
Nominal discharge current In • Surge currents
• 8/20 µs current impulse
• Only für SPD Type 2
Max. discharge current Imax • Surge current
• 8/20 µs current impulse
• Only für SPD Type 2
Combination wave UOC • Voltage peaks
• 1,2/50 µs voltage impulse
• Only for SPD Type 3
Typical physical quantities of SPD
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Does surge protection work?
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Devices for surge protection
Response
time
Discharge capability/
Protection level
better
Suppressor diode Varistor Gas Discharge Tube Spark gap
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Types of connection
* Additional fuse (compulsory / optional)
a + b 0,5 m
L
a
b
L
0,5 m
Main bonding
busbar
*
Stub line connection V-shape connection
Main bonding
busbar
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Why fuses in front of SPDs?
UN
26
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Why fuses in front of SPDs?
0 V
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Types of connection
* Additional fuse
(compulsory / optional)
a + b 0,5 m
L
a
b
L
0,5 m
Main equipotential Busbar / Ground Terminal
*
Max. security of the installation Max. availability of the installation
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Trabtech Safe Energy Control Surge Protection Reinvented
Lightning
current and
surge arrester
type 1 + type 2
Lightning current
arrester type 1 with
integrated back-up fuse
Surge arrester
type 2
Device protection
type 3
Lightning current
arrester type 1
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FLASHTRAB SEC PLUS T1
Safe Energy Control Family
Line follow current free spark gap
FLASHTRAB SEC PLUS 440 T1
Pluggable spark gap for 440V systems
FLASHTRAB SEC HYBRID T1 +
Pluggable T1 arrester + back-up fuse
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FLASHTRAB SEC T1 + T2
Safe Energy Control Family
Combination of T1 and T2 arrester on 35 mm per
pole
VALVETRAB SEC T2
Smallest type 2 arrester for DIN-rail
ISCCR up to 50 kA, max. fuse 315 A gG
PLUGTRAB SEC T3
Device protection with integrated fuse for AC and DC
systems
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Design Highlights
Good handling
Identical appearance
Eye-catching signaling
Individual marking space
Screwdriver lever
Turn, code, plug
PxC Info region
Customer region
All mounting orientation
180°
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Name Explanation
FLT-SEC-T1+T2-3S-350/25-FM
Remote: Function Monitoring
Iimp: 25 kA
UC: 350 V
Model: 3+1
Class: Type 1 + Type 2
Family: Safe Energy Control
Product: FLASHTRAB
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Surge protection concept with Safe Energy Control
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Surge protection concept with Safe Energy Control
Type 1 arrester at building entrance:
e.g. FLT-SEC-P-3C-350/25-FM
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Surge protection concept with Safe Energy Control
Type 2 arrester in the sub-distribution:
e.g. VAL-SEC-3S-350-FM
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Surge protection concept with Safe Energy Control
Type 3 arrester in front of the device:
e.g. PLT-SEC-T3-230-FM
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Safe Energy Control means:
Impact-free and durable
Back-up fuse free solution for
every application
Compact and pluggable
High performance and quality
Safe Energy Control – key features
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Line follow current free spark gap:
The smooth way to discharge
lightning currents.
Minimum of energy is led through
the SPD and the electrical
installation.
High durability:
Less stress for the SPD and the
electrical installation.
Minimal maintenance costs.
Impact-free and durable
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Backup-fuse free solution for every application
F1 current rating 16 A 26 A 63 A 160 A 315 A >315 A
T1
T2
FLT-SEC-P-T1…
VAL-SEC-T2…
PLT-SEC-T3…
FLT-SEC-H…
VAL-CP-MCB…
Max. short circuit current 1,5 kA T3
Maximum back-up fuse rating
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All arresters are pluggable
All arresters are space-
saving and easy to install
Smallest T1+T2, T2 and T3
arrester
Compact and pluggable
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High performance and quality
SPDs with Safe Energy Control
Technology are extremely powerful and
durable – for greater availability and less
stress for the system
We provide free replacement plugs for
the first five years
All SEC products showing a red status
will be replaced for free
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Telecom
Infrastructure
Building Energy
Wind
Machine
Building
…
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Infrastructure
Building
FLT-SEC-PLUS
High performance
Best protection
Durable
Cornerstone for each reliable
lightning protection T1
…
FLT-SEC-
HYBRID
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Energy
Wind
FLT-SEC-PLUS 440
Compact
Pluggable
Certified
Even for 440 V & IT-Systems T1
…
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Telecom
FLT-SEC-T1+T2
Lightning protection
for sensitive devices
Space-saving and
easy installation
Universal protection T1 + T2
…
Building
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Cabinet
Builders
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VAL-SEC
30% less space
needed
High max. back-
up fuse rating
Most compact T2
Cabinet
Builders PLT-SEC
Save the
space of a
separate fuse
Pluggable
Certified protection T3
…
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Děkuji za pozornost
Basics of surge protection / Julian Saele / September 2015 49