basics of network operations air traffic flow … 2 network operation (atfm+asm).pdf · of traffic...

BASICS OF NETWORK OPERATIONSAir Traffic Flow Management

Airspace Management(ATFM + ASM)

1. What is ATFM?

2. Traffic Demand and Resource Capacity

3. Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) Process

4. ATFM Phases and Measures (+ Group Exercise)

5. ATFM Technical Support

6. What is ASM

7. Flexible Use of Airspace (FUA) Concept

8. Restricted Areas and Conditional Routes

9. AEROTHAI and Global and Regional ATFM

10. AEROTHAI and Civil-Military Cooperation

Outline

Part 1 - ATFM

Part 2 - ASM

Part 3 – Projects

ENHD/02/ATFM_ASM BASIC TRAINING LEVEL PPT 2

1. What is ATFM?





6. What is ASM





Outline

Part 1 - ATFM

Part 2 - ASM

Part 3 – Projects


Water Taps and Containers

What is ATFM?

Credit: ICAO APAC RSO ATFM Workshop 2014



What is ATFM?


Change to a Large Container



What is ATFM?


Manage the Green Tap



What is ATFM?


Use the Blue Tapinstead of the Green Tap



What is ATFM?


Manage the Brown Tap(Original one)



What is ATFM?


Original Tab………….Departure AirportContainers……………ATC SectorsSize of Container….CapacityAmount of Water...Traffic Volume

(Demand)


Philosophy of “Air Traffic Flow Management”

ATFM = Demand-Capacity Balancing

• Key Mission: Manage air traffic demand to ensure smooth and expeditious flow of traffic into airspace /airports, while optimizing the resource capacities available safely.

What is ATFM


Philosophy of “Air Traffic Flow Management”

• Key Objectives: – Enhance safety through minimizing traffic surges

– Ensure optimum traffic flow

– Facilitate collaboration to support stakeholders’ objectives

– Balance stakeholders’ requirements

– Reconcile constraints with other priorities

– Manage unforeseen disruptions

– Facilitate seamless cross-border

ATM system

What is ATFM


Key Elements in an ATFM System

What is ATFM

ATFM System

Traffic Demand

Resource Capacity

CDM Process

ATFM Solutions

Technical Support

Tools

Post-Ops Analysis Process

“Appropriate”Concept of Operations


ATFM Concept of Operations

• Domestic ATFM– Focus on managing domestic traffic demand

– ATFM measures applied to domestic traffic only

– Generally run by national ATFM unit

What is ATFM

Example: United StatesFAA ATC System

Command Center



• Cross-Border ATFM - Centralized– Focus on managing international traffic demand

– ATFM measures applied to international traffic

– Run by a single regional (central) ATFM unit

What is ATFM

Example: EuropeEUROCONTROL Network

Manager Operations Center



• Cross-Border ATFM - Distributed– Focus on managing international traffic demand

– ATFM measures applied to international traffic

– Collaborative run by a network of local ATFM units, connected via information sharing framework

What is ATFM

Example: Asia-PacificDistributed Multi-Nodal ATFM

Operational Trial Project



• Question: Which ConOps are appropriate for these?

What is ATFM

Country C• Location: Pacific• Annual traffic volume: ~1.5 millions• Traffic breakdown:

• Domestic 87%• International 13%• Overfly (small)

Country D• Location: Europe• Annual traffic volume: ~2.2 millions• Traffic breakdown:

• Domestic 16%• International 84%• Overfly (small)

Country A• Location: Middle East• Annual traffic volume: ~905,000• Traffic breakdown:

• Domestic 6%• International 76%• Overfly 18%

Country B• Location: SE Asia• Annual traffic volume: ~910,000• Traffic breakdown:

• Domestic 44%• International 46%• Overfly 10%


Air Traffic Demand Prediction

Traffic Demand and Resource Capacity

Traffic Demand

Airport Slots• Obtained through IATA Airport Slot

Coordination Process• Provides:

Scheduled Off-Block Time (SOBT) Scheduled In-Block Time (SIBT)

• Update: Seasonal basis

Marketing Schedule• Airlines’ marketing schedule• Obtained from commercial sources

e.g. Official Airline Guide (OAG)• Provides: commercial schedule time• Update: Weekly basis

Flight Plans• Specific information about flight• Obtained from FPLs submitted

before flights• Provides: accurate, detailed info• Update: Daily basis


Air Traffic Demand PredictionWhat does a FPL tell me?FF VTBBATSX 130423 VHHHFPLM <STX>(FPL-THA629-IS -A333/H-SDZGHIJW/SD-VHHH0700 -N0470S1160 PECAN V10 SIKOU/K0880S1160 A202 ASSAD/N0470F400 A202 RAMEI W42 PAKRI Y13 RUKSA-VTBS0226 VTBD-EET/ZGZU0035 ZJSA0043 VVVV0110 VLVT0124 VTBB0136 REG/HSTBE SEL/HLEJ PER/C COM/FMC WPR ACARS E1 DFIS ACARS E2 PDC ACARS E3 J4 J5 INMARSAT M1 L B1 D1 DAT/V S NAV/RNAV10 RNP10 A1 RNAV5 B1 RNAV2 C1 RNAV1 D1 RNP4 L1 RNP1 O1 RNP APCH BARO VNAV S2 RNP AR APCH RF T1 CODE/885045 RMK/TCAS FDMC CONVERT DOF/161213)



Resource Capacity Assessment


Resource Capacity

Airport CapacityInfrastructure• Runway and taxiway config.• Navigation aidsOperations• Airspace complexity• TKOF/LDG separation• RWY modes of operationsTraffic Demand• Fleet mix and RWY usage• Airport slotsEnvironment• Noise abatement procedure• Obstacles• CurfewWeather• Weather situation at airport

Airspace CapacityAirspace Design• Sectorization, procedures• PDR areas, FUAInfrastructure• COM / NAV / SUR• PBN procedure• ATM automationTraffic Complexity• ATC intervention• Traffic mixOperational Standards• Separation (proc. or sur.)• CoordinationHuman Factor• Workload and manpowerWeather• Weather situation


Collaborative Decision Making Process

Stakeholders’ (possibly conflicting)

Objectives

Airlines• On-time performance

(measured at pushback)• Optimum flight profile• Optimum routing• Optimum fuel consumption• Quick turnaround process• Predictable operations

ANSPs• Safe and efficient traffic flow• Optimum flight separation• Manageable workload• Optimum use of capacity• Predictable operations

Airport Operator• Efficient gate process• Optimum use of gates• Manageable traffic and passenger

demands• Optimum use of ground capacity• Predictable operations


Collaborative Decision Making Process

Stakeholders’ (possibly conflicting)

Objectives

CDM

Process

Input• Shared information• Stakeholders’ intentions• Operations outlook• Weather outlook

Enablers• Regular operational

briefings• Conferences• Information-sharing

platform

Outputs• ATFM Daily Plan• NOTAM• (other means of

information distribution)


ATFM Phases Overview

ATFM Phases and Measures

Strategic ATFM

• Timeframe: 6 months – 7 days before flight operations

• Key Objective: Long-term / seasonal strategic plan for Demand-Capacity Balancing

Pre-Tactical ATFM

• Timeframe: 7 – 1 day before flight operations

• Key Objective: Communicate outlook on traffic situation and possible ATFM measures

Tactical ATFM

• Timeframe: Day of operation, before departure sequencing

• Key Objective: Implement ATFM measures to regulate traffic demand

Tactical ATS

• Timeframe: During flight operation, from departure sequencing to landing

• Key Objective: Prevent collisions; expedite and maintain safe and orderly flow of air traffic


Example of ATFM Measures


Managing traffic just prior to their entranceinto the constrained resource

Examples:• Minutes-in-Trail• Miles-in-Trail




Manage / Push traffic away from the constrained resource

Examples:• Mandatory alternate routings• Contingency routes




Manage traffic prior to departure to ensure smooth flow into the constrained resource

Examples:• Ground Delay Program

(GDP) through provision of Calculated Take-Off Time (CTOT)

• Minimum Departure Interval (MDI)


Group Exercise: Implement GDP/CTOT to manage inbound

traffic into Phuket Airport (VTSP)

SCENARIO: You’re an ATFMU Officer at Bangkok ATFMU. You have received a notice that, due to severe adverse weather at VTSP; the airport can only take 6 landings between 0800 – 0900 UTC (nominal landing rate: 12 landings / hour). Because of the restriction, you need to implement Ground Delay Program (GDP) to slow the inbound traffic during the hour of 0800 – 0900 UTC. This can be done by issuing Calculated Take-Off Time (CTOT) to scheduled VTSP arrivals to manage the flights from their points of departure.

YOUR TASK: Calculate CTOT for affected flights



Brainstorm: What tools / support infrastructure can we develop for ATFM operations?

Key objectives:• Reliable tools to implement ATFM

measures

• Efficient information sharing

• Data collection and

post-ops analysis

ATFM Technical Support


…COFFEE BREAK…Richard Branson, Virgin Air Group founder;dressed as Air Asia flight attendant upon losing a F1 bet with Tony Fernandes, Air Asia Group CEO,in 2013


1. What is ATFM?





6. What is ASM





Outline

Part 1 - ATFM

Part 2 - ASM

Part 3 – Projects


(Back to) Water Taps and Containers

What is ASM?


Change to a Large Container HOW?


ASM = Effectively manage the available airspace to meet the needs of ALL users

Airspace Management (ASM) Concept

What is ASM

Key Principles:• Flexibly managed• Provide optimum flight trajectories• Minimize impact of segregated airspace• Minimize constraints on operations• Predictable as far as possible

Bangkok FIR, with 49.4% designated PDR AreasENHD/02/ATFM_ASM BASIC TRAINING LEVEL PPT 31

The Concept:

Enabling airspace to be accessed

flexibly by both civil and military

Users

(Rather than having purely-military

or purely-civil airspace)

Key Enablers:• Effective communication, cooperation, coordination

• Policy-level support national Cil/Mil coordination body

• Joint airspace planning process

• Adaptive and flexible airspace concept

Flexible Use of Airspace (FUA)


Planning Level

Flexible Use of Airspace (FUA)

Strategic ASM

• Establishment of airspace structures

• Development of coordination procedures

• Development of separation standards between CIV and MIL flights

Pre-Tactical ASM

• Establishment of joint CIV-MIL cell to perform airspace allocation

Tactical ASM

• Coordination between civil ATS units and military control units

• Sharing of information and airspace data

• Activation and deactivation of restricted areas and conditional routes


Conditional Route Type 1 (CDR 1)

• Published as route in AIP• Permanently plannable during specified

time periods

Example: Y6

Restricted Areas and Conditional Routes



• Not published in AIP, but activated byNOTAM on a day-to-day basis

• Plannable when specified by NOTAM

Example: Y5




• Not published; not plannable

• Available through coordination with ATC when airspace is available



1. What is ATFM?





6. What is ASM





Outline

Part 1 - ATFM

Part 2 - ASM

Part 3 – Projects


Bay of Bengal Cooperative ATFM System

(BOBCAT)Background:

• Airports in Europe have nighttime curfews

• Flights from South and Southeast Asia tend to fly overnight, aiming to land in Europe in the early mornings

• Majority of traffic converge at

Kabul FIR (gateway to EUR)

Problem:

• Kabul FIR = war zone with limited

infrastructure to support flights

AEROTHAI and Global/Regional ATFM



(BOBCAT)Challenge:

• Smooth the traffic flow through

the limited routes and flight levels

available in the Kabul FIR




(BOBCAT)Solution:

The Bay of Bengal Cooperative ATFM System

(BOBCAT)

• Allocate “slots” for entry into

Kabul FIR to flights based on

their requests

• Slots:– CTOT from departure airports

– Designated route through Kabul FIR

and associated entry waypoint

– CTO at entry waypoint

– Allocated FL through Kabul FIR



Distributed Multi-Nodal ATFM Network

Operational Trial ProjectBackground:

• Asia-Pacific = fastest growing aviation hub

• Region defined by collection of small FIRs

• Varying level of domestic ATFM maturity

• No cross-border ATFM in place, though most flights are international

Problem:

• Asia-Pacific needs cross-border ATFM operations to balance the growing traffic demand against resource capacities available




Operational Trial ProjectChallenge:

• Develop a viable cross-border ATFM/CDM concept

that can regulate flights into constrained resources

without the need of central ATFM unit

Solution:

Distributed Multi-Nodal ATFM Network Concept

• Independent “virtual” ATFM nodes supported by information sharing framework


Regional ATFM

System

Flow Management Position (FMP)

Departure ATC Tower

Arrival ATC Approach / Tower

Airport OperatorFlight Operations Centre

(FOC)

En-route ATC

A-CDM

Pilot



Operational Trial ProjectProject Phases:

• Phase 1 – ATFM to support constrained arrival airports

• Phase 2 – ATFM to support constrained airspace

:

• Phase X – Globally-interconnected ATFM network

Project Members:

• China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Thailand

• Indonesia, Malaysia

• Cambodia, Lao PDR, Philippines, Vietnam



Thailand Civil-Military ATM

Coordination (Thai-CMAC)Background

• Nearly 50% of Bangkok FIR designated

as military airspace (PDR areas)

• Some ongoing efforts in introducing

FUA concept into the airspace, e.g.

the establishment of Y5, Y6 routes

Problem:

• Timely and effective coordination

between civil and military ATS units

remains difficult

AEROTHAI and CIV/MIL Cooperation


Thailand Civil-Military ATM

Coordination (Thai-CMAC)Challenge

• AEROTHAI and RTAF needs a more

efficient means of coordinating and

propagating information on the use

of restricted airspace (e.g. AUP)

• Information should be easily accessible

all aviation stakeholders

Solution:

Thai-CMAC System

• Web-based collaborative airspace management system

AEROTHAI and CIV/MIL Cooperation


ATFM References…• ICAO Doc 9971 – Manual on Collaborative ATFM

• Asia-Pacific Regional Framework for Collaborative ATFM

• CANSO Best Practice Guide on ATFM Implementation (in progress)

ASM References…

• ICAO Circular 330 (AN/189) – Civil / Military Cooperation in Air Traffic Management

• Manual on Flexible Use of Airspace by Airport Authority of India (AAI)

Further References


…THANK YOU…


basics of network operations air traffic flow … 2 network operation (atfm+asm).pdf · of traffic...

Documents