Basic's of Internet

What is meant by internet?

History of internet?

Internet uses?

What is meant by Internet??

The INTERNET is a network of computers, which links many different types of computers all over the world

It uses the standared Protocol called TCP/IP

History of Internet?

ARPANET was the first WAN and had only four sites in 1969.

In 1989, the U.S. government lifted restrictions on the use of INTERNET, and allow its usage for commercial purposes as well.

How internet Works

Operations of Internet

Packets of information flow between machines governed by common rules (protocols):

Internet protocol (IP)

Transport control protocol (TCP)

Internet Protocol

IP is a numerical label assigned to each device (e.g., computer, printer) participating in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.

Ip address had two types IPv4 and IPv6

IPV4 - The designers of the Internet Protocol defined an IP address as a 32-bit number and this system, known as Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4)

Internet Protocol (Continued)

IPV6 Due to the enormous growth of internet and the depletion of available addresses,new version of IP(ipv6) using 128 bit address

IP addresses are binary numbers, but they are usually stored in text files and displayed in human-readable notations, such as 172.16.254.1 (for IPv4), and 2001:db8:0:1234:0:567:8:1 (for IPv6)

Classes of IP address

ClassStart AddressEnd Address

A0.0.0.0 126.255.255.255

B128.0.0.0 191.255.255.255

C192.0.0.0 223.255.255.255

D224.0.0.0239.255.255.255

E240.0.0.0 254..255.255.255

255.255.255.255 - Broadcast

Private ip address range

10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255

Addresses: 16,777,216

172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255

Addresses: 1,048,576

192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255

Addresses: 65,536

TCP/IP

TCP/IP stands for transmission control protocol and Internet Protocol

TCP/IP provides end-to-end connectivity specifying how data should be formatted, addressed, transmitted, routed and received at the destination

TCP/IP(Continued)

The TCP/IP had 4 layers Application Layer

Transport Layer

Internet Layer

Network Access Layer

Internet Domains

Domain Description .com Commericial organization

.eduEducational institutions

.gov Government websites

.mil military groups

.inindiaan groups

.net network support centers

.org non-profit organizatio

Uses of internet

Research and homework

Communication

Shopping

Games and Entertainment

Exploring world

Education

Networks

What is mean by network

How it works

Types

Features of networks

What is meant by Computer Network

Two or more computers linked together - either by cable or wireless router

It allows to cummunicate and exchange the data between the computers

How the network works

Types of Network

LAN (Local Area Network)

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

WAN ( Wide Area Network)

Host

A host is anything that generates or receives data on the data network

A host is different from network equipment - switches, routers, or hubs or gateways.

Example : a personal computer, laptop, smart phone, tablet, etc

Hub

A common connection point for devices in a network. Hubs are commonly used to connect segments of a LAN. A hub contains multiple ports. When a packet arrives at one port, it is copied to the other ports so that all segments of the LAN can see all packets.

Switch

A device that filters and forwards packets between LAN segments. Switches operate at the data link layer (layer 2) and sometimes the network layer (layer 3) of the OSI Reference Model and therefore support any packet protocol. LANs that use switches to join segments are called switched LANs or, in the case of Ethernet networks, switched Ethernet LANs.

Router

A device that forwards data packets along networks. A router is connected to at least two networks, commonly two LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP's network. Routers are located at gateways, the places where two or more networks connect. Routers use headers and forwarding tables to determine the best path for forwarding the packets, and they use protocols such as ICMP to communicate with each other and configure the best route between any two hosts.

Static Web page

It is a web page that is delivered to the user exactly as stored in server

It will display samething to all the users

Static webpage developed by html

Each webpage having seperated file

Updates and changing is rare cases

Dynamic Webpage

It is a web page with web content that varies based on parameters provided by a user or a computer program.

Dynamic webpage writteen using by php, ASP.

Its has diff databases to storing the data.

Dynamic webpage will be frequently updated by admin or application

Difference b/w static and dynamic webpage

Static webpageDynamic webpage

1.the whole code written in htmlThe whole code Written in PHP, ASP.

2.static webpages can't be change once developed if must mean can change front page content using dreamviewer Dynamic webpages can be change and update frequent the content of the page

Easy to developemore complex comapred to static webpage

Static webpage cheapest to developeDynamic webpage more cost to develope pages

Each page stored in a each fileEvery page will be stored in single file

www.googlecalculator.comMaps.google.com,news website

Host request and response

Client

Server

request

page

Establish a temporary connection between the client and server

Client sends the request to the server

Server returns the requested page or an error message

Client displays whatever the server returns

Disconnect

Web server

A Web server is a program that generates and transmits responses to client requests for Web resources. Handling a client request consists of several key steps: Parsing the request message Checking that the request is authorized Associating the URL in the request with a file name Constructing the response message Transmitting the response message to the requesting client

Framework

What is mean by framework

How to build framework

framework

Framework Structure

How to build framewok using a python??

Framework is a set of rules and patterns

Which one is contain Predifined classes and methods that is called framework

How www.google.com works in browser

When you write www.google.com and hit enter

Computer

Www.google.com

Www.google.com

IP Address

IP Address

Web document

Web document

Web document

Web document