basic modelling concepts
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Basic Modelling Concepts. To begin with, think of:. Modelling as the act of conceptualising a real thing in either: Mathematical framework Visual framework which gives the symbolic and semantic meanings of the real thing. Conceptual Integrity in EA Modelling. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Basic Modelling Concepts
Modelling as the act of conceptualising a real thing in either:
(a) Mathematical framework
(b) Visual framework
which gives the symbolic and semantic meanings of the real thing.
To begin with, think of:
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Conceptual Integrity in EA Modelling
Conceptual integrity is the degree to which a model can be understood by a single human mind, despite its complexity.
……. occurs when a design presents a single, coherent and easily understood vision
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Basic Modelling Activities
Establish purpose, scope & focus of
modelling
Select one or more Viewpoints to model
Create & Structure the Models
Visualise the Models
Maintain the Models
Validate & then use the Models
Modelling is:
Conceptualising domains (parts) of reality knowledge
CREATE conceptsREFINE conceptsABANDON conceptsABSTRACT from conceptsTRANSLATE concepts
Modelling Actionswhich are also documented
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Modelling (Internal) Quality Assurance
Heuristics = method of solving a problem by experience
Modelling is heuristic and the integrity of modelling reality as conceptual symbols & semantics is subject to Lankhort’s design principles, which are considered internal quality characteristics:
1. Do not link what is independent (orthogonality)
2. Do not introduce multiple functions that are slightly divergent (generality)
3. Do not introduce what is irrelevant (economy; sometimes denoted as parsimony)
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Modelling (External) Quality AssuranceModelling is also subject to external quality assurance:
1. Fit for purpose validation by EA stakeholders, to confirm the correctness and completeness of the EA models;
2. Complying to Grice’s 4 Maxims of optimising the communications of EA models via its visual forms:
Maxim of Quantity:• Make your model as informative
as necessary.• Do not make your model more
informative than necessary.
Maxim of Quality• Do not model what you believe
to be false.• Do not model that for which you
lack adequate evidence.
Maxim of Manner• Avoid obscurity of expression.• Avoid ambiguity.• Be brief (avoid unnecessary
concepts and relations).• Be orderly.
Maxim of Relevance• Be relevant (i.e., model things
related to the modelling goal).
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Modelling (External) Quality AssuranceModelling is also subject to external quality assurance:
1. Fit for purpose validation by EA stakeholders, to confirm the correctness and completeness of the EA models;
2. Complying to Grice’s 4 Maxims of optimising the communications of EA models via its visual forms;
3. Lankhorst’s guidelines:• Model iteratively• Model for change / dynamics• Be economical in models• Be economic in views• Make concepts recognisable• Make structures recognisable• Make a model consistent• Keep related models consistent• Make models as correct & completed as needed• Treat different concerns separately
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Modelling Guidelines
Act of MODELLING
Pre-start Check-list:
1. Is there a clear stakeholder?2. Is the objective explicit?3. Will creating an enterprise
architecture model help to reach this objective?
4. Are the boundaries clear of what you should model?
5. Is it clear whether the situation ‘as is’ or the situation ‘to be’ should be modelled?
6. Can you obtain the information needed to create the model?
7. Are there realistic expectations regarding your role as an enterprise architect in the process?
8. What to capture in a model
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to read & use
Modelling Guidelines
Readability (easy to read) & Usability (easy to use) of Models
1. Reduce visual complexity of models
2. Use representation conventions eg naming & indentation conventions; layout rules, use of symbols, colours, text, etc
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Basic Modelling Activities
ModelA purpose driven
abstract conception of reality
VisualisationA form of visual communications
Differences Between Model & Visualisation(read Lankhorst chapter 3 & 6 for full details)
Has to provide answers to Qs,
Has an underlying
problem solving heuristic /method
Communications Purpose
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Tut Case Study
Decision making is considered a service, which is associated with the provision of good governance to a Council's community. The Vic Local Government Ministry considers that good Council decision making, as a community service, shows evidence of community engagement, compliance to policy frameworks, agreed practice standards and the relevant legislation.
It is consider a measureable objective that every Victorian Council is expected to show they make and implement decisions that in the best interests of their community. The achievement of this objective is measured by a number of indicators, summarized in the diagram overleaf
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Case Study
Use any viewpoint to model this Local Government Governance KPI domain.Try a ER model first