basic introductionary lecture on endocrinology and thyroid
TRANSCRIPT
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Basic Introductionary lecture
onendocrinology
and thyroid
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Endocrinology thyroid
anti-thyroid drugs
Dr. Pranesh Vijay PawaskarResidentDept. of PharmacologyL.T.M.M.C. Sion, Mumbai 22Date – 14/12/2016
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endocrinology
Hormone (Greek hormaein—to stir up) = is a substance of intense biological activity that is produced by specific cells in the body and is transported through circulation to act on its target cells.
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Endocrine glands
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Glands and hormones1. Pituitary =
(a) Anterior = Growth hormone (GH), Prolactin (Prl),
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH, Corticotropin),
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH, Thyrotropin),
Gonadotropins—Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH).
(b) Posterior = Oxytocin,
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH, Vasopressin).
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Glands and hormones
Thyroid =
Thyroxine (T4),
Triiodothyronine (T3),
Calcitonin
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Glands and hormones
Parathyroid =
Parathormone (PTH).
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Glands and hormones
Pancreas =
(Islets of Langerhans) Insulin,
Glucagon.
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Glands and hormones
Adrenals =
(a) Cortex = Glucocorticoids (hydrocortisone)Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)Sex steroids (dehydroepiandrosterone)
(b) Medulla = Adrenaline, Noradrenaline
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Glands and hormones
Gonads =
Androgens (testosterone)
Estrogens (estradiol)
Progestins (progesterone)
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Glands and hormones
Hypothalamus = Releasing hormones
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mechanism At cell membrane receptors
1) Through cAMP = Adrenaline, Glucagone, TSH, LH, FSH, PTH, Calcitonin, ACTH.
2) Through IP3, DAG pathway = Vasopressin, Oxytocin.
3) Transmembrane Tyr.Kinase = Insulin, GH, Prolactin.
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Mechanism at cytoplasmic receptors
• Penetrating cell membrane = • Steroidal hormones :
Glucocorticoids,
Mineralocorticoid,
Androgens,
Estrogens,
Progestins,
Calcitriol.
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Mechanism at nuclear receptor
•Hormone penetrates the nucleus =
Thyroid hormones,
Thyroxine,
Triiodothyronine.
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thyroid
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anatomy
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histology
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physiology
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biochemistry
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biochemistry
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Synthesis , storage, secretion
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diagnosis
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surgery
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Thank you