basic helicopter ground handling

FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology

AJD21603 ROTORCRAFT SERVICING, MAINTENANCE AND ROLE

EQUIPMENTWEEK 8:BASIC HELICOPTER GROUND HANDLING

(CONTINUE)


LEARNING OBJECTIVES1. GAIN KNOWLEDGE ON PURPOSE AND METHOD

OF MOORING ON HELICOPTER.2. GAIN KNOWLEDGE ON JACKING PROCEDURES

AND SAFETY PRECAUTION ASSOCIATED WITH HELICOPTER JACKING.

3. EXPLAIN HOW TO PROPERLY CARRY OUT JACKING OF HELICOPTER AND THE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS THAT ARE REQUIRED TO OBSERVED DURING THE PROCESS.


INTRODUCTIONIN THIS LESSON YOU'LL LEARN WHAT IT MEANS BY MOORING. YOU WILL ALSO BE EXPOSED TO HOW TO PROPERLY CARRIED OUT THOSE TWO ACTIVITIES.THE SECOND PART OF THIS LESSON WILL INTRODUCE TO YOU SOME ASPECTS OF JACKING THAT INCLUDES THE RECOMMENDED PROCEDURES AND THE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS THAT ARE REQUIRED TO BE OBSERVED DURING THE JACKING PROCESS.


MOORINGMOORING IS REQUIRED IF HELICOPTER IS TO BE STORED OUTSIDE.HELICOPTER SHOULD BE FACING THE EXPECTED WIND DIRECTION.IF HELICOPTER IS EQUIPPED WITH SKID GEAR, THE WHEELS SHOULD ALWAYS BE RETRACTED, OR REMOVED ANY TIME THE HELICOPTER IS TO REMAIN IN A STATIC POSITION.FOR HELICOPTER EQUIPPED WITH LANDING GEAR, THE WHEELS MUST BE PROPERLY CHOKED.


EXAMPLE OF MOORING ON S-61


EXAMPLE OF MOORING


EXAMPLE OF MOORING ON S-61


MOORING ON BELL 212


MOORING POINT


MOORING GUIDELINESMOST HELICOPTERS HAVE PROVISION FOR TIE-DOWNS ON THE FUSELAGE (SOMETIMES IT ALSO THE PLACE OF JACKPOINTS).TIEDOWNS OR MOORING RINGS ON THE FUSELAGE MAY BE USED TO ANCHOR THE HELICOPTER TO THE RAMP, IF THE TIEDOWNS ARE AVAILABLE.ANY TIME THE HELICOPTER IS PARKED THE ROTORS MUST BE TIED DOWN. THESE INCLUDES BOTH THE MAIN & TAIL ROTOR.IT WILL PREVENT DAMAGE FROM WIND & OTHER HELICOPTER LANDING IN THE IMMEDIATE AREA.


MOORING GUIDELINES (CONT)THE TIEDOWNS SHOULD BE TIGHT ENOUGH TO ABSORB NORMAL BLADE FLEXING ASSOCIATED WITH FULLY ARTICULATED MRH & HUB MOVEMENT OF SEMI-RIGID MRH.TOO MUCH FLEXING OF THE BLADE CAN RESULT IN THE TIEDOWN COMING OFF. IT CAN ALSO CAUSED THE MAST DAMAGE.THE SAME SITUATION ALSO APPLIES TO TAIL ROTOR, I.E THE RESTRAINED MUST NOT BE TOO LOOSED.


MOORING ON S-76


MOORING EQUIPMENT


HELICOPTER PROTECTIONMOST HELICOPTERS HAVE COVERS THAT CAN BE

INSTALLED IF IT IS TO REMAIN OUTSIDE OVERNIGHT.MOST COMMON AREAS: ENGINE INLET & EXHAUST PITOT AND STATIC PORTS.ADDITIONAL COVERS MAY BE APLLIED WHEN THE HELICOPTER WILL BE EXPOSED TO THE WEATHER FOR LONG PERIODS OF TIME OR TO SEVERE WEATHER CONDITIONS. THESE INCLUDES WINDSHIELD, BLADES & ROTOR HEAD.MOST OF THE TIME SUCH PROTECTION IS NOT REQUIRED UNLESS EXTREME WEATHER CONDITIONS EXIST.


HELICOPTER PROTECTION

ON S-61


ENGINE INTAKE COVERS


HELICOPER TOWINGTHE GROUND HANDLING OF HELICOPTERS DIFFERS FROM THAT OF FIXED WING AIRCRAFT.HELICOPTERS CAN EITHER EQUIPPED WITH SKID TYPE OR NORMAL LANDING GEAR WITH WHEELS.HELICOPTERS EQUIPPED WITH NORMAL TYPE LANDING GEAR ARE TOWED VERY MUCH SIMILAR TO FIXED WING AIRCRAFT.


HELICOPER TOWINGTHE SKID TYPE LANDING GEAR USES THE GROUND HANDLING WHEEL TO MOVE THE AIRCRAFT.ON LARGER AIRCRAFT, THEY ARE OFTEN RAISED OR LOWERED WITH HAND OPERATED HYDRAULIC PUMP.SMALL AIRCRAFT USES IRON BAR TO MANUALLY RAISE THE TOWING BAR.


SKID TYPE LANDING GEAR


TOWING PRECAUTIONA BAR MUST BE USED FOR RAISING & LOWERING MANUALLY OPERATED WHEELS.THE BAR MUST BE SECURED FIRMLY TO THE GROUND HANDLING UNIT.THE PERSONNEL MUST STAND CLEAR OF THE BAR, IN CASE OF SLIPPAGE, WHEN THE HELICOPTER IS RAISED AND LOWERED.


TOWING PRECAUTIONHANDS OR FEET MUST NEVER BE PLACED UNDER SKID GEAR DURING THE RAISING OR LOWERING OPERATON.ALL LOCKING DEVICES & PINS MUST BE FIRMLY IN PLACE PRIOR TO RELEASING PRESSURE FROM THE BAR.UNDER NO CIRCUMTANCES SHOULD THE HELICOPTER BE STARTED WITH THE GROUND HANDLING WHEELS IN THE DOWN POSITION.


EXAMPLE OF GROUND

HANDLING WHEEL


TOWING OF SKID TYPE

LANDING GEAR


TOWING OF BELL 212


TOWING GUIDELINESEVEN AT ITS BEST POSITION, THE GROUND HANDLING WHEELS ARE QUITE AWKWARD FOR MOVING THE AIRCRAFT.MOST OF THE TIME THE WHEELS ARE LOCATED NEAR C OF G.BECAUSE OF WHEEL LOCATIONS & DIFFERENCES IN AIRCRAFT,SOME UPWARD OR DOWNWARD PX MAY BE REQUIRED TO KEEP THE SKIDS OFF THE GROUND.AIRCRAFT ARE NORMALLY MOVED BY HAND, PUSHING OR PULLING BY MEANS OF TOWING BAR.


TOWING GUIDELINESEXTREME CAUTION MUST BE EXERCISED TO PREVENT ANY DAMAGE TO EQUIPMENTS SUCH AS TAIL ROTOR & ANTENNAS. REFER TO M.M FOR THE DESIGNATED POINTS.LARGER AIRCRAFT ARE PULLED BY MEANS OF TOWING BAR.


HELICOPTER PLATFORM


HELICOPTER PLATFORMIF THE HELICOPTER IS TO BE KEPT INSIDE OR IF MAINTENANCE IS TO BE ACCOMPLISHED, THE HELICOPTER MAY LAND ON A PLATFORM OF DOLLY.MOST OF THESE DOLLIES ARE PULLED MY MEANS OF TOWING VEHICLE.NEWER VERSIONS HAVE THEIR OWN MOTOR WHICH IS USED FOR MOVING THE DOLLIES WHILE SOME HAVE THE CAPABILITY TO BECOME GROUND POWER UNIT (GPU)THE PLATFORM IS SPECIFIC FOR ONE PARTICULAR AIRCRAFT & SHALL NOT BE MIXED. THIS IS DUE DIFFERENT DOLLIES HAVE DIFFERENT WEIGHT CARRYING CAPACITY.


HELICOPTER JACKING

REASONS FOR HELICOPTER JACKING.1. HELICOPTER LEVELLING.2. WHEEL CHANGED.3. STRUCTURAL MAINTENANCE4. U/C MAINTENANCE – COMPONENTS

REPLACEMENT & SERVICING.5. TROUBLESHOOTING – U/C EXTENTION &

RETRACTION SYSTEM.6. WEIGHING


JACKING GUIDELINESPROPER PROCEDURES SHOULD ALWAYS BE REFER TO M.M BUT GENERALLY;ONE PERSON AT EACH JACKING POINT & ONE CO-ORDINATOR AS SUPERVISOR.CHECK A/C WEIGHT, FUEL STATE & C OF G.POSITION A/C INTO WIND, CHOCK THE WHEELS & BRAKE OFF.ENSURE ADEQUATE CLEARANCE.EARTHING CABLE.


JACKING GUIDELINESU/C GROUND LOCKS.JACKING PADS TO JACKING POINTS.POSITION THE JACKS TO JACKING POINTS & RAISED SLOWLY UNTIL ADAPTERS ARE LOCATED CENTRALLY.JACKS VERTICAL & LOAD EVENLY DISTRIBUTED.REMOVE CHOCKS & RAISED SLOWLY. ENSURE A/C HORIZONTAL. U/C FULLY EXTEND & CLEARED FOR FEW INCHES.TIGHTEN RAM LOCKNG NUTS


JACKING & LEVELLING OF AS355

basic helicopter ground handling

Engineering