baroque period 1600-1750. 1600 1. start of the baroque period 1600-1750 2. start of the common...
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Baroque Period1600-1750
16001. Start of the Baroque Period 1600-1750
2. Start of the Common Practice Period 1600-19003. End of the Renaissance Period 1450-1600
4. First opera was in 1600
•Movement – a part of a work, sounds complete in itself with a beginning middle and end. Think of it like a chapter in a book
Concerto
•Instrumental soloist with orchestra
•Multi-movement (usually 3) FSF
•First movement is in Ritornello Form
Vivaldi Spring•Solo Concerto - multi-movement work for orchestra and a soloist – features cadenza
•Usually 3 movements Fast Slow Fast
•Cadenza - the part in a concerto where the orchestra stops playing and the soloist is featured.
Vivaldi Spring (cont.)
•Program music – music that has an extra-musical idea to go along with it. It might be a story, an idea, a picture, or a text.
Ritornello form
•Main theme is called the Ritornello (means “return”). The main theme returns regularly.
•Common practice period = key.
•Each time the ritornello appears, it is in a new key
Modulation
•To change from one key to another
•In “artfully” done music, it’s not noticeable that you’ve changed keys!
•You’ll almost always come back to the home key that you hear in the beginning
Ritornello Form
•Movement begins with the ritornello stated in the home key and all the way through.
Ritornello Form
•Movement begins with the ritornello stated in the home key and all the way through.
•Followed by a solo episode - a passage by the soloist. The solo episode changes key
Ritornello Form
•Followed by a solo episode - a passage by the soloist. The solo episode changes key
•The ritornello is heard again, but in a shortened form, and in a new key
Ritornello Form
•The ritornello is heard again, but in a shortened form, and in a new key
•Another solo passage is heard, changing the key again
Ritornello Form
•Another solo passage is heard, changing the key again
•The ritornello is brought back, shortened again and in a new key
•This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement
Ritornello Form
•Another solo passage is heard, changing the key again
•The ritornello is brought back, shortened again and in a new key
•This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement
Ritornello Form
•This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement
•There may be a cadenza (the part where the orchestra stops playing while the soloist “shows off”)
Ritornello Form
•This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement
•At the end of the movement, we will once again hear the ritornello all the way through and in the home key
Suite
•A collection of dances
•Multi-movement work
•Each movement is in binary form (AABB)
•Each movement is based on a different dance rhythm
Suite
•Originally, the dance pieces were intended for dancing.
•In the suite, it is more considered “absolute” music for listening, not dancing
Suite
•The movements alternate between fast and slow tempos
•Usually begins with a prelude
•All are in the same key (or related keys)
•No applause until the end!
J.S. Bach: Suite in E Minor, BWV
996•Preludio (Passaggio / Presto) SF
•Allemande S
•Courante F
•Sarabande S
•Bourree F
•Gigue F