BaroqueBaroqueba-roque / ba-roque / bbə-’rōkə-’rōk

According to Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary:According to Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary:1. An irregularly shaped pearl.1. An irregularly shaped pearl.

2.2. of, relating to, or having the characteristics of a of, relating to, or having the characteristics of a style of artistic expression prevalent in the 17style of artistic expression prevalent in the 17thth century that is marked generally by extravagant century that is marked generally by extravagant forms and elaborate and sometimes grotesque forms and elaborate and sometimes grotesque ornamentation and specifically also in ornamentation and specifically also in architecture by dynamic opposition and the use architecture by dynamic opposition and the use of curved figures, in music by improvisation, of curved figures, in music by improvisation, contrasting effects and powerful tensions, and in contrasting effects and powerful tensions, and in literature by complexity of form and bizarre, literature by complexity of form and bizarre, ingenious and often ambiguous imagery.ingenious and often ambiguous imagery.

extravagantextravagantgrotesquegrotesque

bizarrebizarrecomplexitycomplexityambiguousambiguous

Or not!

BaroqueBaroque1600 - 17501600 - 1750

Music, art, architecture and Music, art, architecture and literature became elaboratley literature became elaboratley

detailed and ornamenteddetailed and ornamented

People of the Baroque era tended to People of the Baroque era tended to find strength in both sides of any find strength in both sides of any

questionquestion

BaroqueBaroque1600 - 17501600 - 1750

““Religion was of vital importance, Religion was of vital importance, profoundly affecting the literature, profoundly affecting the literature, philosophy, science, art, and music philosophy, science, art, and music of the period. … Yet the secular side of the period. … Yet the secular side of life was also more important than of life was also more important than ever before in the Christian era, and ever before in the Christian era, and much Baroque art had a decidedly much Baroque art had a decidedly

popular character. (Ferris, 99).popular character. (Ferris, 99).

BaroqueBaroqueHistoryHistory

16001600 Dutch opticians invent the telescopeDutch opticians invent the telescope16021602 Galileo investigates laws of gravitation and oscillationGalileo investigates laws of gravitation and oscillation16051605 Shakespeare writes Shakespeare writes King LearKing Lear, , MacbethMacbeth and and Antony and CleopatraAntony and Cleopatra16071607 Jamestown, VA is foundedJamestown, VA is founded16061606 John Milton is bornJohn Milton is born16111611 King James Bible is first publishedKing James Bible is first published16121612 Tobacco is planted in VirginiaTobacco is planted in Virginia16151615 Galileo faces the Inquisition for the first timeGalileo faces the Inquisition for the first time16161616 William Shakespeare diesWilliam Shakespeare dies16181618 Sir Walter Raleigh returns to England and is executedSir Walter Raleigh returns to England and is executed16191619 First African slaves in N. America arrive in VirginiaFirst African slaves in N. America arrive in Virginia16201620 Pilgrims arrive in AmericaPilgrims arrive in America16261626 Island of Manhattan purchased from Indian chiefs for about $24.00Island of Manhattan purchased from Indian chiefs for about $24.0016311631 Eng. Mathematician William Oughtred proposes symbol “X” for multiplicationEng. Mathematician William Oughtred proposes symbol “X” for multiplication16361636 Harvard College is foundedHarvard College is founded16371637 Japan prohibits contact with EuropeJapan prohibits contact with Europe16391639 First printing press in N. AmericaFirst printing press in N. America16421642 Isaac Newton is bornIsaac Newton is born

BaroqueBaroqueHistoryHistory

16501650 Tea is drunk in England for the first timeTea is drunk in England for the first time16521652 First opera house in ViennaFirst opera house in Vienna16561656 Rembrandt declares bankruptcyRembrandt declares bankruptcy16591659 Henry Purcell is bornHenry Purcell is born16601660 Water closets arrive from France in EnglandWater closets arrive from France in England16651665 Great plague of London beginsGreat plague of London begins16751675 Antonio Vivaldi is bornAntonio Vivaldi is born16771677 Ice cream becomes a popular dessert in ParisIce cream becomes a popular dessert in Paris16801680 The Dodo bird becomes extinct The Dodo bird becomes extinct16851685 Johann Sebastian Bach is bornJohann Sebastian Bach is born16851685 George Frederic Händel is bornGeorge Frederic Händel is born16981698 Metastasio is bornMetastasio is born17011701 Captain William Kidd is hanged for piracyCaptain William Kidd is hanged for piracy17031703 Construction begins on Buckingham PalaceConstruction begins on Buckingham Palace17041704 First American newspaper, Boston News LetterFirst American newspaper, Boston News Letter17061706 Benjamin Franklin is bornBenjamin Franklin is born17091709 Pianoforte is inventedPianoforte is invented17191719 Leopold Mozart is bornLeopold Mozart is born

BaroqueBaroqueArtArt

The Expulsion of the The Expulsion of the Money Lenders Money Lenders

From the From the Marketplace, Marketplace,

RembrandtRembrandtBaroque artistic Baroque artistic

characteristicscharacteristics

Space filled with action and Space filled with action and movementmovement

BaroqueBaroqueArtArt

Marriage à la Mode: The Contract,Marriage à la Mode: The Contract,

William HogarthWilliam Hogarth

Baroque artistic Baroque artistic

characteristicscharacteristics

Sense of Dynamics and Sense of Dynamics and PassionPassion

BaroqueBaroqueArtArt

Bust of the Savior,Bust of the Savior,

Gianlorenzo Bernini Gianlorenzo Bernini

baroque artistic baroque artistic

characteristicscharacteristics

Creating illusionCreating illusion

BaroqueBaroqueArchitectureArchitecture

Christ Church,Christ Church,

London England,London England,

1715 – 17291715 – 1729

Nicholas Hawksmoor

Architectural CharacteristicsArchitectural Characteristics

Twisting, curling designsTwisting, curling designs

Elaborate carvingsElaborate carvings

BaroqueBaroqueArchitectureArchitecture

Piazza di Pietra,Piazza di Pietra,

Rome, ItalyRome, Italy

1656 - 16671656 - 1667Gianlorenzo Bernini

BaroqueBaroqueArchitectureArchitecture

Chateau de VersaillesChateau de Versailles

Versailles, FranceVersailles, France

1661 - 17741661 - 1774Numerous architects

BaroqueBaroqueMusicMusic

Henry PurcellHenry Purcell

1659 - 16951659 - 1695Musical CharacteristicsMusical Characteristics

of the Baroqueof the Baroque

Polyphonic texturePolyphonic texture

Word PaintingWord Painting

Contrasting dynamicsContrasting dynamics

Dramatic choral works Dramatic choral works (cantatas and oratorios)(cantatas and oratorios)

Purcell was the leading English composer of the Baroque period.He wrote more than 100 songs, chamber music, dramatic music, odes, some sacred songs, harpsichord suites and organ music.

BaroqueBaroqueMusicMusic

Antonio VivaldiAntonio Vivaldi

1678 - 17411678 - 1741Musical CharacteristicsMusical Characteristics

of the Baroqueof the Baroque

Polyphonic texturePolyphonic texture

Word PaintingWord Painting

Contrasting dynamicsContrasting dynamics

Dramatic choral works Dramatic choral works (cantatas and oratorios)(cantatas and oratorios)

Vivaldi was the leading Italian composer of the late Baroque. He wrote 500 concertos, 50 operas, 40 Cantatas, and a great deal of church music including oratorios, motets and psalms.

BaroqueBaroqueMusicMusic

J. S. BachJ. S. Bach

1685 - 17501685 - 1750Musical CharacteristicsMusical Characteristics

of the Baroqueof the Baroque

Polyphonic texturePolyphonic texture

Word PaintingWord Painting

Contrasting dynamicsContrasting dynamics

Dramatic choral works Dramatic choral works (cantatas and oratorios)(cantatas and oratorios)

Master of the baroque style, Bach wrote over 300 church cantatas, several masses, a magnificat, two passions, oratorios, motets, organ music, keyboard music, 6 sonatas for violin, 6 Brandenburg Concertos, and numerous other types of music.

BaroqueBaroqueMusicMusic

G.F. HändelG.F. Händel

1685 - 17591685 - 1759Musical CharacteristicsMusical Characteristics

of the Baroqueof the Baroque

Polyphonic texturePolyphonic texture

Word PaintingWord Painting

Contrasting dynamicsContrasting dynamics

Dramatic choral works Dramatic choral works (cantatas and oratorios)(cantatas and oratorios)

Händel wrote more than 40 operas, 30 oratorios, 40 sonatas and 100 cantatas (all secular). He was the major force in English musical life during his lifetime and had a great influence on the works of Haydn.

BaroqueBaroqueAuthorsAuthors

Rene DescartesRene Descartes

1596 - 16311596 - 1631

Descartes was a philosopher and Descartes was a philosopher and mathematician. He believed that mathematician. He believed that in all things only mathematics was in all things only mathematics was certain, therefore, all knowledge certain, therefore, all knowledge must be based on mathematics.must be based on mathematics.

BaroqueBaroqueAuthorsAuthors

John MiltonJohn Milton

1608 - 16741608 - 1674

English poet best known for hie English poet best known for hie epic poem epic poem Paradise Lost Paradise Lost based on based on the expulsion of Adam and Eve the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the garden of Eden. from the garden of Eden.

BaroqueBaroqueAuthorsAuthors

Jean-Baptiste Jean-Baptiste PoquelinPoquelin MolièreMolière

1622 - 16731622 - 1673

Molière left behind a body of work which not Molière left behind a body of work which not only changed the face of French classical only changed the face of French classical comedy, but has gone on to influence the comedy, but has gone on to influence the work of other dramatists the world over. The work of other dramatists the world over. The greatest of his plays include greatest of his plays include The School for HusbandsThe School for Husbands (1661), (1661), The School The School for Wives for Wives (1662), (1662), The Misanthrope The Misanthrope (1666)(1666), , The Doctor in Spite of Himself The Doctor in Spite of Himself (1666)(1666), , Tartuffe Tartuffe (1664,1667,1669)(1664,1667,1669), The Miser , The Miser (1668), (1668), and and The Imaginary InvalidThe Imaginary Invalid (1673). (1673).