barley: bursting with flavor? (for...
TRANSCRIPT
Variety: Genetics, Management, Climate, Biotic and Abiotic Stresses
Malting: Time, Temperature, Moisture
Brewing: Hops, Water, Yeast, Adjuncts, Time, Temperature
Consumer: Awareness, Willingness
Micro-flora, Micro-fauna, Storage, Transport
A Gordian knot?
1. The MN caper2. The Flavor 6-pack 3. The World Core4. The Full Pint Occurrence 5. The 3 x 36. The 3 x7. Next steps8. The bigger picture9. Implications10. Malt data
Presentation outline The MN caperThe Flavor 6-pack The World CoreThe Full Pint Occurrence The 3 x 3The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
The MN caper
1. Reinvigorate US barley breeding and genetics – focus on malting and brewing
2. The genomics vs. phenomics discontinuity3. 1001 nano-malts and nano-brews4. AMBA white paper
The MN caperThe Flavor 6-pack The World CoreThe Full Pint Occurrence The 3 x 3The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
*Vendor: Happy Gnome *Amt of Purchase: $315.69
* Signature approval________________ * Supervisor approval________________
*Justification: Purchase of (what) by (who) on (date) for (who purchased for if other than above), how to be used, when to be used (e.g. conference date), where to be used, why this account. Use account key words. Professor Patrick Hayes was visiting from Oregon State University and the group of barley researchers from UM (Gary Muehlbauer, Kevin Smith, and Peter Morrell and me)) took him to dinner to discuss our joint research project on flavor components in malt and the USA hosting International Barley Genetics Symposium in 2016. Full gift account string: 1701-11031-20293-UMF0007949--0995029.
The flavor 6-pack
Bells, Firestone-Walker, New Glarus, Russian River, Sierra Nevada, Summit
http://barleyworld.org/breeding-genetics/tcap/beer-flavor
The Flavor 6-pack The World CoreThe Full Pint Occurrence The 3 x 3The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
The World Core
2062 grown709 harvested114 malted (Rahr)Wort sensory and analysis in progress (Sierra Nevada)
The World CoreThe Full Pint Occurrence The 3 x 3The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
The Full Pint Occurrence
• BCD47 and AMBA• The BISON• Check for the TCAP World Core• Tom Nielsen, Sierra Nevada“Full Pint is very fermentable and had a very nice
extract… Full Pint wort also tasted very good, pre and post boiled. I picked up a very pleasant and strong fresh salted popcorn note. A very positive clean sweetness as well, with no harshness or astringency… The fermented Full Pint beer was clean, slightly estery, a bit tart and bready.”
The Full Pint Occurrence The 3 x 3The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
The Full Pint Occurrence
Scott Sayer and Colorado Malting Company
Tim Matthews, Oskar Blues“Salty caramel popcorn and sweet agape nectar”
Scott Sayer and Briess
The Full Pint Occurrence
The 3 x 3The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
The Full Pint Occurrence
Dave Kuske and Briess“Batch 2 is in the lab right now – preliminary results look
awesome! We got the color up to 2.0 L and the Beta Glucan down from 200+ first batch to about 110 on this batch – the flavor and aroma have much more malty character and the sweetness and extra mouth‐feel on the wort carried through.
Seth Klann and Mecca Grade
OSU variety release
The Full Pint Occurrence The 3 x 3The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
The 3 x 3
Variables:3 varieties: Full Pint, Klages, Metcalfe3 locations: Corvallis, Saskatoon, St. Paul
Assessments:Nano-brew at New GlarusWort sensory and analytics at Sierra Nevada
The 3 x 3The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
The 3 x 3
Wort sensory and analytics at Sierra Nevada
The 3 x 3The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
1.0 = Excellent, Superior: Malty, Sweet, Clean, No off flavor2.0=Above Average, Very Good: SL Malty, SL Sweet, Weak, SL Grainy, SL Husky3.0=Average, Good: SL Bitter, Dusty, Grainy, Papery, Chaffy4.0=Fair, Needs Improvement: SL Earthy, SL Musty, SL Green, SL Grassy
The 3x
Variables3 varieties: Copeland, Full Pint, Klages1 production environment: Herb Farm, Lebanon Oregon1 malt environment: Canadian Malting Barley Technical Center
Assessments:New Glarus: brewing and beer sensory Sierra Nevada: brewing, beer sensory, and analyticsBeer sensory this afternoon at the BIC
The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
The 3x
Assessments:New Glarus: brewing and beer sensory
The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
MaltType
Foam quality
Bitterness/sweetness quality
Astringencyquality Graininess
Finishingsmoothness
Overallquality rating
Copeland 2.84 3.54 3.39 3.34 3.69 3.58Full Pint 3.21 3.35 3.25 2.91 3.66 3.63Klages 2.84 3.08 3.13 2.85 3.44 2.88
Rating scale: 0 – 1.99 (Poor), 2 – 2.99 (Below Average), 3 – 3.99 (Good), 4 – 5 (Excellent)
The 3x
Assessments:Sierra Nevada: brewing, beer sensory, and analytics
The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
Attribute # votes No Difference 0
Very Slight Difference 0Slight Difference 2
Moderate Difference 4Moderate‐Large Difference 3
Large Difference 2Very Large Difference 0
Overall Difference
The 3x
Assessments:Sierra Nevada: brewing, beer sensory, and analytics
The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
The 3x
Assessments:Sierra Nevada: brewing, beer sensory, and analytics
The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
Variety Descriptors
Copeland Grainy, grassy, bland, v. s. toasty, sl. fruityFruity, fresh pineapple, v.sl. rootbeer, v.sl. graham cracker, later character, less malty than other 2
Full Pint Estery, grassy, fruity, heavy mouthfeel, sl. grainySl. nutty, about Summerfest maltiness, sl.grainy/grassy
Klages Sl. clove, flavorful, heavy mouthfeel, fruity, full, sl. metallic, minty, spicy, brightInitial sl. vinegar, lower aroma, slightly grassy, more watery/bland taste
The 3x
• There are differences• There are differential preferences• Descriptors are intriguing
Beer sensory this afternoon at the BICEl Pueblo Room 5:30 – 6:00
The 3 xNext stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
Next steps
Oregon PromiseFull Pint/Golden Promise doubled haploids (DH)GenotypingNano-brew and 3 locations
Oregon OtterFull Pint/Maris Otter DHGenotyping Phenotyping pipeline
Full Stein Full Pint/Violetta DHGenotypingPhenotyping pipeline
Next stepsThe bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
The bigger picture
Variety: Genetics, Management, Climate, Biotic and Abioticstresses
Malting: Time, Temperature, Moisture
Brewing: Hops, Water, Yeast, Adjuncts, Time, Temperature
Consumer: Awareness, Willingness
Micro-flora, Micro-fauna, Storage, Transport
The bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
Variety
• J. Mallet, 2014. Malt: A Practical Guide from Field to Brewhouse•~ 400 malts produced by ~ 20 maltings•4 varieties specified in 12 malts
•Maris Otter, Golden Promise, Halcyon, Pipkin
• Full Pint: Carries its weight or just another Vuitton?
• Terroir at any price?
The bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
Malting
• Micro malting: Meaningful for flavor?
• Pilot malting: Where and how?
• Commercial malting: Procrustean bed vs. personalized mattress experience?
The bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
Brewing
• The malt COA: Pole star, compass, or map?
• Who needs/wants what/when/where/and what for?
The bigger pictureImplicationsMalt data
Implications
• The perfect experiment: produce, malt, and brew all varieties optimally
• Pilot malting and beer flavor assessment: still the bottlenecks
• Markets, yields, and prices: does barley flavor cost or pay?
• Research investments: ranking priorities
• Flavor genetics alternatives: • Understand and breed • Understand
• Engineering flavor?
ImplicationsMalt data
Acknowledgements
The Flavor 6-pack
American Malting Barley AssociationBusch Agricultural ResourcesGreat Western MaltingOregon Wheat Commission