REPORT ON

THE BANGLADESH LABOR ACT-2006; IN CASE OF ‘HEALTH AND HYGIENE’ ON ORION INFUSION LIMITED (OIL)

PATUAKHALI SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITYTHE BANGLADESH LABOR ACT-2006; IN CASE OF ‘HEALTH AND

HYGIENE’ ON ORION INFUSION LIMITED (OIL)1

SUBMITTED TOM. Anisur Rahaman

LecturerDepartment of Management Studies

Faculty of Business Administration and Management

SUBMITTED BYGroup: 01(Warrior)Level-3, Semester-1

Faculty of Business Administration and Management

Name of the students Reg. No. Roll No.

Md. Kamruzzaman (L) 00660 01

Shuvradeb Barai 00668 09

Abu Zafour 00680 21

Sahana Parveen 00666 07

Nazmul Alam Siddiqui 00565 24

Labor and Industrial Law Course Code: MST 315

SUBMISSION DATE: 23 April 2008

PATUAKHALI SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY

Letter of Transmittal

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Date:

TOM. Anisur RahamanLecturerDepartment of Management StudiesFaculty of Business Administration and Management

Subject: Submission Report on Labor and Industrial Law

Dear Sir,

Here we are submitting our report on “THE BANGLADESH LABOR ACT-2006; IN CASE OF ‘HEALTH AND HYGIENE’ ON ORION INFUSION LIMITED (OIL)” prescribed by you in your course Labor and Industrial Law. For this Purpose, we have gone through internet, different books, articles, journals, interview of authorities and employees of the respective organizations and class lecture sheets for the relevant information of the assigned topic.

Please call me for any further information at your convenient time and place.

Yours truly,

Group: 01(Warrior)Level-3, Semester-IFaculty of Business Administration and ManagementPatuakhali Science and Technology University

Letter of Authorization

3

Date:

TOM. Anisur RahamanLecturerDepartment of Management StudiesFaculty of Business Administration and Management

Subject: Declaration regarding the validity of the research report.

Dear Sir,

This is our truthful declaration that the “THE BANGLADESH LABOR ACT-2006; IN CASE OF ‘HEALTH AND HYGIENE’ ON ORION INFUSION LIMITED (OIL)” we have been prepared is not a copy of any research report previously made by any other students.

We also express my honest confirmation in support of the fact that the said “Report” has neither been used before to fulfill any other course related purpose nor it will be submitted to any other person or authority in future.

Yours truly,

Group: 01(Warrior)Level-3, Semester-IFaculty of Business Administration and ManagementPatuakhali Science and Technology University

Acknowledgement

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At first we desire to express our deepest sense of gratitude of almighty Allah.

With profound regard we gratefully acknowledge our respected course teacher M. Anisur Rahaman, Lecturer, Department of Management Studies, Faculty of

Business, Administration and Management for his generous help and day to day suggestion during the survey.

We like to give thanks especially to our friends and many individuals, for their

enthusiastic encouragements and helps during the preparation of this report us by sharing ideas regarding this subject and for their assistance in typing and proof

reading this manuscript.

Table of Contents

► Executive Summary ……………………………………………..……………………………. 01

► Scope and Objective of the Study ………………………………………..…………………... 02

► Methodology of the Study ………………………………………………..…………………... 03

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► Limitation of the Study …………………………………………………..…………………... 04

Introduction …………………………...…………………………………………………….. 05

► Definition of Labor Law ……..……………….…………………………………….. 06

► Objectives of the Bangladesh Labor Act …………………...………………………. 06

► Company Chronology ………………………………...……………………………... 07

► Mission, Vision, Core objective …………………..……………...…………………….. 08

► Quality policy of Orion Infusion Limited ……………………….…..………………. 09

► We Take Care of Our Environment ………….……………………..………..……… 10

► Skilled People are their Asset ………………………………………………….…….. 11

Health and Hygiene in the Commercial and Industrial Establishment …………….…... 12

● Analysis of Cleanliness in Orion Infusion Limited ………………………………. 14

● Analysis of Ventilation and Temperature in Orion Infusion Limited ……………. 16

● Analysis of Protection from Dust and Fume in Orion Infusion Limited ……….… 17

● Analysis of Waste Disposal Services in Orion Infusion Limited ……...…………. 18

● Analysis of Artificial Humidification in Orion Infusion Limited ………...……… 19

● Analysis of Overcrowding Situation in Orion Infusion Limited …………………. 20

● Analysis of Lighting System in Orion Infusion Limited …………………………. 21

● Analysis of Drinking water in Orion Infusion Limited ……...…………………… 22

● Analysis of Latrines and Urinals in Orion Infusion Limited ……………….…...... 23

● Analysis of Spittoons in Orion Infusion Limited …………………………...……. 24

Overall Analysis at a Glance ……………………………………………………………….. 25

Over all Analysis on Orion Infusion Limited ……………………………………………… 30

Findings at a Glance …………………………………………...…………………………… 31

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Recommendations …………………….……..……………………….…………………….. 33

Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………………. 34

References ………………………………………………………………………………….. 35

Appendix …………………………………………………………………………………... a-e

Executive Summary

This report is an assigned job as a partial fulfillment of course requirement by

honorable Course teacher M. Anisur Rahaman, Lecturer, Department of Management Studies, Faculty of Business Administration and Management,

Patuakhali Science and Technology University. It is the optimum aggregated outcome of 5 pupils’ about “THE BANGLADESH LABOR ACT-2006; IN CASE OF

‘HEALTH AND HYGIENE’ ON ORION INFUSION LIMITED (OIL)”. The goal of this report is to find out the basic health and hygienic condition, in case of Orion

Infusion Limited. Orion Infusion Limited is almost committed to create healthy and hygienic circumstances, according to the law, in all around production house to

make the labor more attentive for their job. They consider their skilled people as asserts for their organization. And the skilled people are at that time providing their

full capacity when they are satisfied to their job.

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Their OIL is now maintaining a good standard by provides satisfaction with its health and hygiene condition. Taking constructive steps they are trying to develop

the employee satisfaction. They believe satisfied employees are the best employee for the organization.

Scope and Objective of the Study

As a business expectative in future, we should have to gather experience

beside our survey. We should not concern our lesson only in classroom but to implement it in practical life that will help us in our future life .A clear

objective help in preparation of well decorated report in which other take the right type of decision .So, we identifying objectives is very much important.

Our purpose of preparing the report is:

● To know about objectives of the Bangladesh Labor Act

●To know about the rules regarding the health and hygiene in the commercial and industrial establishment

●To identify the various rules regarding Labor Act and its implication in

Orion Infusion Limited

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This study covers the health and hygiene policies of Orion Infusion Limited

along with some recommendations to improve the health and hygiene condition of Orion Infusion Limited.

Methodology of the Study

This report is based on both primary and secondary data. Initially, the work is started with data those were available at Company’s Annual Report and company’s

news letter. Moreover, it becomes helpful to gather some more information from the website of the company.

Later on, the work progressed through some depth interviews of good range

professionals and labor as well to get necessary data from the area of the study. For such purpose an effective questionnaire is designed to collect likely data from the

target group of people. Here the data are collected for the 3 administrative officers and 10 labors of the company. The questionnaire is attached in the appendix section.

Then we analyze those data from many angles, in different aspect and present the

information in different segment according to their category, in compact way. We highlight different important things, which we found during our survey. After doing

all of those we submit the report to the proper authority.

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Limitations of the Study

As a student of faculty of Business Administration and Management, 5th semester,

this is our first initiative for making a report on “THE BANGLADESH LABOR ACT-2006; IN CASE OF ‘HEALTH AND HYGIENE’ ON ORION INFUSION

LIMITED (OIL)” by meeting a survey. I was really unable to collect enough information from due to their official restrictions. Many things were so confidential

that I was not entitled to access there. Beside this we have faced the following hindrances in preparing this report:

► Lack of knowledge and experience

► Short of time► Lack of computer facilities

► Lack of sufficient privileges► Lack of communication facilities

The survey report focuses on “THE BANGLADESH LABOR ACT-2006; IN CASE

OF ‘HEALTH AND HYGIENE’ ON ORION INFUSION LIMITED (OIL)”. The survey may not be more comparable or more valid. Moreover, the report is

emphasized on the primary data such as interview of the health and hygiene of

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Orion Infusion Limited. Here we consider the information to prepare this report that

we collect from the annual report and our survey.

Introduction

The Bangladesh Labor Act, 2006 is not enacted a day, Bangladesh has a long heritage in terms of labor laws. The main purpose of the Bangladesh Labor Act,

2006 is to consolidate and amend the existing loss relating to labor and industrial affairs. The Bangladesh Labor Act, 2006 provides some provisions in sections

51-60 pertinent to health and hygiene issues of workers in Bangladesh. The Act has motioned regarding cleanliness, ventilation and temperature, protection form

dust and fume, waste disposal services, artificial humidification, control overcrowding, adequate lighting, provision of safe drink water, presence of

adequate number of latrines and urinals and spittoons. The subject of health and hygiene in the commercial and industrial establishment deals with the science

and arts of the preservation and improvement of the health as well as comfort to work for the employees.

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Definition of Labor Law

Labor Law is designed to control and govern the continuous process by which

workers and management decide the terms and conditions of employment. It is based almost entirely on statutes passed by the parliament during last seventy years.

Labor Law regulates matters such as, labor employment, remunerations, condition of works, trade unions and labor management relations. It also indicates that the

rules and regulations which cope with employees’ right to join trade union, In particular, benefits of workers, conditions of level, especially maternity leave for

women workers, social security for workers, and social security for workers.

However, Labor Law is the study of a tripartite industrial relationship between worker, employer and trade union. This involves collective bargaining regulation,

and the right to strike. Individual employment Law referred to workplace rights, such as health and safety or minimum wage.

Objectives of the Bangladesh Labor Act

The main purpose of the Bangladesh Labor Act, 2006 is to consolidate and amend the existing loss relating to labor and industrial affairs. The other objective of the

Bangladesh Labor Act, 2006 are to appoint labor, to increase relationship between labor and employers, to satisfy the lowest wages of the labor, to discourages wages,

to compensate for the ulcerating the labor, to form of the trade unions, to regulate the relations of any differences or disputes arising between labor and employers to

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protect the social security of the labor including health, safety and welfare. Labor

Law encourages and promotes those purposes by pacing statutory limitation on employer interferences with the right of employees with self organizations and

barging collectivity and because union, too, may abuse their power, Labor Law also acts to curb and control union activities.

Company Chronology

Founded in 1989 Orion Infusion Ltd. is a state-of-the-art Large Volume Parenterals

(LVP) manufacturing company. It is inception; the company was named as Mala Chemical & Pharmaceuticals industries Ltd. which became a public limited

company in the year 1994. The company is devoted to producing LVP products and other life saving IV fluids. Orion Infusion Ltd. (OIL) has created a new vista in

manufacturing large volume parenteral (LVP) products in Bangladesh. Manufacturing excellence is one of the core strengths of Orion Infusion Ltd. OIL is

in the pursuit of using the state - of - the - art technology and high level quality assurance in their production which ensuring products of international standard.

Through proper documentation and implementation of quality management system throughout the organization, OIL has achieved ISO 9001:2000 version certification

from United Kingdom Accreditation Services (UKAS) Quality Management System, UK.

The overall management of Orion Infusion Ltd. is vested in a board of director

which is accountable to the shareholders and entrusted with the responsibility to guide the company towards realizations of its objectives in order to maximize

shareholders’ wealth. A sound system of internal and financial control has been established by OIL, which involves periodical reporting, continuous audit of

different segments of the business and budgetary control to ensure optimum utilization of the company’s resources.

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OIL is a highly professionally managed organization. A team of skilled

professionals has been dedicating their efforts in order to achieve the corporate objectives.

To fulfill the need of intravenous fluids (LVP) market in Bangladesh by-continuous

development of the human recourse through appropriate training and motivation. Launching new and specialized products and ensured customer satisfaction. Time

demanded up gradation of the manufacturing facility to cope up with the changed environment. Ensuring sustains and significant growth in sales and profit as well as

expanding the export market beyond Bangladesh.

To be regarded as a world class pharmaceutical company through product and services.

In order to achieve our aspired vision we shall subscribed to the following objectives- quality in everything we do. Live up to our commitments. Transparent

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Mission

Vision

Core objectives

and fair in all our dealings and take initiatives to exceed standards. Trust and respect

for each other and work as a team with share social responsibility.

Quality policy of Orion Infusion Limited

Orion Infusion limited is dedicated to serving its valued customers with products of

excellent quality, through continuous development in process and technology, complying with guidelines of good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and the

requirements’ of ISO-9001:2000 quality Management System. OIL’s top management is committed to ensure that quality policy is adopted and practiced in all phases of company activities and urge all concerned to perform their

duties by following the prescribed in the quality manual. The doctors, nurses, hospital, clinics, chemists and druggist the integral parts of the business domain, are

constantly kept in order to ensure customer satisfaction.

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We Take Care of Our Environment

They promote the ethical management of environment, health and safety throughout

the life-cycles of Orion Infusion products. The group develops implements and supports key programs in occupational hygiene, process safety and environmental

controls to ensure educate protection of people, property and the environment.Regularly they develop and communicate environment, health and safety information for Orion Infusion materials and products. The information serves as

the foundation to protect the environment and health and safety of everyone involved in developing, manufacturing, distributing, dispensing or disposing of their

products safety and environmental controls to ensure adequate protection of people, property and environment.

Orion Infusion Ltd. places utmost importance to eco-friendly technologies for the

greater interest of the society. OIL has installed modern facilities in its manufacturing plant for the treatment of the effluents formed out of the

manufacturing processes to maintain a pollution free and friendly working environment.

OIL also takes prime consideration about the health and safety of the employees.

The work places are designed and constructed in well-planned manner so as to minimize the chances of accidental happenings. Regular health check-up of the

employees is done and training about industrial safety and hygiene is conducted to make each employee skillful enough to manage any controllable accidental hazards.

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Skilled People are their Asset

They are committed to ensuring their business practices meet high standards and that their employees behave ethical standards act responsibly and comply with the

law. Competitive advantages can only be achieved by building up highly motivated and skilled employees at all levels that we enable organization to compete in a

fiercely competitive market scenario and to respond appropriately to the market needs, with regard to quality products and services and technological innovations.

Orion Infusion Ltd. puts maximum emphasis on tits vision to be regarded as World

Class Infusion Company and to be the best in the country, both in term of turnoverand profit. So the management of Orion has embarked upon on arduous

program for development of employee competence through continuous training and counseling.

To augment all activities related to development of Human Resource, the

management has established a Human Resource Department and hired on experienced manager for its operation.

The highly skilled professionals of OIL:

Skilled Professionals Numbers

Pharmacists 09

Chemists 14

Microbiologists 02

Engineers 08

Doctors 05

labor More then 300

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Health and Hygiene

Health and Hygiene in the Commercial and Industrial Establishment

The health and hygiene in the commercial and industrial establishment is

recognized as a subject of fundamental importance. The subject of health and hygiene in the commercial and industrial establishment deals with the science and

arts of the preservation and improvement of the health as well as comfort to work for the employees. The Bangladesh Labor Act, 2006 provides some provisions in

sections 51-60 pertinent to health and hygiene issues of workers in Bangladesh. The Act has mentioned regarding the following—

■ Cleanliness

■ Ventilation and temperature

■ Protection from dust and fume

■ Waste disposal services

■ Artificial humidification

■ Control overcrowding

■ Adequate lighting

■ Provision of safe drinking water

■ Presence of adequate number of latrines and urinals, and

■ Presence of adequate number of spittoons.

Rules Regarding Cleanliness

Section 51 of the Bangladesh Labor Act insists on cleanliness in the place work.

Every factory must be kept in a clean state and free from effluvia arising from drain

etc. Accumulation of dirt and refuse must be removed daily. All floors, walls and

ceiling of the factory must be washed within certain period of time. There is also

provision for repainting. The following outlines of the cleanliness provisions of

Labor Act are given below—

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● No rubbish, filth or debris shall be allowed to accumulate or to remain

in any part of the establishment and proper arrangements shall be made

for maintaining in a reasonable clean and drained condition for the

workers of the established.

● Every establishment shall be kept clean free from effluent arising from

drain, privy or other nuisance; and accumulation of dirt refuge shall be

moved daily by sweeping or by any other effective method from the

floors and benches of workrooms and from staircases and passage, and

disposed of in a suitable manner.

● The floor of every work-room shall be cleaned at least once in every

week by washing to use disinfectant where necessary or by some other

effective method.

● Where the floor is liable to become wet in the course of any

manufacturing process to such extent as is capable of being drained

effective means of drainage shall be provided and maintained.

● All inside walls and partitions, all ceilings, or tops of rooms, and walls,

side and tops or passage and staircases shall be repainted or re-

varnished; where they are pained or varnished and have smooth

impervious surfaces, be cleaned at least once in every fourteen month,

by such method as may be prescribed; and in any other case, be kept

white-washed or color-washed and the white-washing or color-washing

shall be carried out at least once in every fourteen months.

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Analysis of Cleanliness in Orion Infusion Limited

According to our survey we found that, OIL is one of the most leading pharmaceutical group in Bangladesh who maintaining their production activities

through more than 300 labors. They are committed to ensuring their business practices to meet high standards. They believe that it is only possible when their

employee and labors works hard in a team. In present competitive and dynamic environment, labors are now being viewed as the most valuable means for gaining

advantages over others.

For keeping the internal environment clean and pure OIL is always committed. Side by side for makes our environment free form pollution it follows different

strategies which are really necessary for the workers such as-

OIL’s production house designed by Korean Construction Group named ‘Holkin Hun Ltd.’ They constructed all the production unit with all modern facilities. As a

result the total construction system is maintain here as a world class standard. So the internal draining systems for rubbish, filth, debris or byproduct are

disposing in here as a world class standard. Most of byproduct are automatically fall into a big boll and their all those products are automatically take the new form

of some row product of further production and some are goes for final disposal. But the total process is depending upon the category of the medicine.

For preparing the cover of capsule the bone powder are used and some after end of

the production process some of this product is take as the form of harmful byproduct and those byproduct are buried to the ground so that it will to pollute the

environment.

■ Basically one day interval all the drain, privy or other nuisance are washed by the sweeper. OIL is always concern about health and hygiene issue of workers.

So they are always tried to keep their internal drain net and clean.

■Through our observation we found that OIL repainted or varnished their

production plants inside wall, partitions, all ceilings or top of the room and walls when it necessary. Basically on an average it’s inside walls are varnished after

tow year’s interval.

So we found that, the internal draining system in here is mostly automatic and as a result the chance of fall in diseases or harm is quite lower.

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Rules Regarding Ventilation and Temperature

The Bangladesh Labor Act makes suitable and effective provisions for adequate ventilation and temperature. A reasonable temperature must be maintained. Each

work room must adequately ventilated by circulation of fresh air. Se4ction 52 of the Act calls for proper ventilation in work place where injurious, poisonous or

asphyxiating gash dust or other impurities evolved from any process carried on, in such establishment. The following outlines of the ventilation and temperature

provisions of Labor Act are given bellow—

● Effective measure shall be undertaken in every establishment for securing and maintaining in every work-room adequate ventilation by the circulation

of fresh air.

● Temperature in every room shall be kept in such as will ensure to workers therein reasonable conditions of comfort and prevent injury to health.

● Where the nature of the work carried on in an establishment involves, or is

likely to involves, the production of excessively high temperature, such adequate measures as are practicable shall be taken to protect the workers

there from by separating the process which produces such temperature from the work-room by insulating the hot parts or by other effective means.

● If it appears to the government that in any establishment or class or

description of establishment excessively high temperature can be reduced by such methods as white-washing, spraying or insulating and screening outside

walls or roofs or windows or by raising the level of the roofs, or by insulating the roofs either by an air space and double or by the use of

insulating roof materials, or by other methods, it may prescribed such of those or other methods to be adopted in the establishment.

Analysis of Ventilation and Temperature in Orion Infusion Limited

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For preparing medicine every production process need to go through cool and high

temperate condition. It is depend upon the category of the medicine. According to our observation we found that, in production house the ventilation system is well

equipped and maintaining a good standard.

■ In each production unit 20 ventilators are arranged for controlling the temperature

of 120 labors.

■ Big size 8 windows are also attracted with it.

■ In some vital production unit where it is not possible to control temperature because of hot condition, in this situation air cooler system provided. This type of

production in OIL is four in number.

■ 16 cooling fan are arranged in the top wall of each production unit wall. Its importance is high for controlling internal temperature of the production room.

■ Air-freshener are two times provided for keep the labor free form medicine smell.

Both management and labor are satisfied with the internal ventilation system of

OIL. OIL believesthat for getting optimum product form the labor there is no way to provide full satisfaction to the labor.

Rules Regarding Protection from Dust and Fume

The Bangladesh Labor Act, 2006 provides provision for removing any dust or fumes from the workplace which may be injurious to workers under section 53. The

following outlines of the dust and fume provisions of Labor Act are given bellow—

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● In every establishment in which, by reason of the manufacturing process carried on, there is given of any dust or fume or other impurity of such a

nature and to such extent likely to be injurious or offensiveness to the workers employed therein, effective measure shall be taken to prevent its accumulation

in any work-necessary for this purpose, it shall be applied as near as possible to the point of origin of the dust, fume other impurity, and such point shall be

enclosed so far as possible.

● In any establishment no stationary internal combustion engine shall be

operated unless the exhaust is conducted into open air, and no internal combustion engine shall be operated in any room unless effective measures

have been taken to prevent such accumulation of fumes there form as are likely to be injurious to the workers employed in the work-room.

The failure for protection of dust and fume in any establishment is a continuous

offence. If the violation of the provision is occurred in only one then it seems that the offense occurred continuously.

Analysis of Protection from Dust and Fume in Orion Infusion Limited

OIL is always concern about removing dust or fumes from the work place which

may be injurious to workers.

■ In the time of working in laboratory or in specific work place some precautionary product are given to the worker- in here stay special cap, gloves, aprons, oxygen mask etc.

But here found some variation between to the speech of the management and the labor. Labor demands that most of the time management do not provide any

precautionary products. Only some specific day they provided those and this product are very limited in number. So without this precautionary product their

working in laboratory is highly dangerous as well as harmful for body too.■ Inevery production unit 20 combustion engine are provided but it is little short

form the standard because for 120 labor the number of combustion is not sufficient. OIL recently tender for purchase 12 more combustion machine to keep the standard.

Rules Regarding Waste Disposal Services

Section 54 of the Act states that effective arrangements shall be made in every

establishment for the disposal of wastes and influents due to the manufacturing

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process carried on therein. In the case of factory situated in a place when no public

sewerage system exists, prior approval of the arrangements made for the disposal of the waste and effluent shall be obtained from the chief inspector who shall act in

this behalf in consulting with Directorate of Health Services.

Analysis of Waste Disposal Services in Orion Infusion Limited

According to our observation we found that OIL is always concern about effective arrangement for every disposal of wastes and effluents due to the manufacturing process carried on therein.

■ For general disposal of harmful wastes and byproduct OIL use modern refining system. Under this system a big boll is used for refining the waste primarily. Then the refine goods a portion are gone to the further production according to the category of medicine. The final wastes are buried on the ground as taking the concern of Chief Inspector of the Directorate of Health service.

For example, for preparing the cover of capsule it is needed to use bone powder. After the end of the production waste of byproduct are buriedto the ground.

Rules Regarding Artificial Humidification

Artificial humidification means the introduction of moisture into the air of a room by any artificial means whatsoever, except the unavoidable escape of steam or water

vapour into the atmosphere directly due to a manufacturing process. Section 55 of

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the Bangladesh Labor Act provides the following provisions regarding artificial

humidification—

● In any establishment in which the humidity of the air is artificially increased, the water used of the purpose shall be taken from a public supply, other source of

drinking water, or shall be effectively purified before it is so used.

● If it appears to an Inspector that the water used in a factory for increasing humidity which is required to be effectively purified under sub-section (1) is not

effectively purified, he may serve on the employer an order in writing, specifying the measures which, in his option, should be adopted, and requiring

them to be carried out before a specified date.

Analysis of Artificial Humidification in Orion Infusion Limited

For the production of the medicine it is need to control humidity of air according to the categories of the medicine.

■ According to our observation we found that a good number of labor are take place

in such condition, where the humidity of the air is artificially controlled.

■ OIL uses pure filter water for increasing the humidity of air.

■ OIL uses their filter machine for filter the water. This machine is purchase form ‘Korea’ and it is able to filtered sufficient water for both drinking and increasing

humidity.

So we found that increasing humidity OIL uses the filtered water which is naturally

good for the health. They believe that when the labors are in fitted health and in satisfied mind then production will automatically increase by them.

Rules Regarding Overcrowding

The Labor Act prevents overcrowding by maintaining a specific cubic area for each worker in any establishment.

● No work-room in any establishmentshall be overcrowded to an extent injurious to

the death of the workers employed in any work place.

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● At least 9.5 cubic meter of space for every worker employed in a work-room shall

be provided, but no account shall be taken of a space which is more than 4.5 meter above level of the floor of the room.

Analysis of Overcrowding Situation in Orion Infusion Limited

We in found in OIL three production units are operate for producing different category of medicine.

■First unit is generally joint product unit, where common medicines’ row material are provided in accumulated way and 120 labors are working here for running the

production system smoothly.

■Second unit are totally segregated from first unit. Here the raw materials’ of the first

unit are transferred to this unit through internal channel system. For running the system smoothly here works 120 labors also. Humidity, hot temperature, or cooling

situation is controlled in this unit.

■ Last unit is the finishing unit, where medicines are getting the shape and other

further task are done. For running the task of finishing unit 60 workers are work here.

■ Management said that, appropriate (9.5 cubic meter) space is provided to the labor for running their work. But in some time it will change according to the demand of

time.

But we found the variation between the speech of management and labor. Labor

claims that, most of the time they work in crowding place. Though this production unit has the capacity of 120 labors but some time they work in here more then 150 to 170

workers in a very narrow space. According to our observation we think that management does this because their fixed costs are fixed.

Rules Regarding Lighting

Sufficient and suitable lighting must be maintained in every part of an establishment in which person are working or passing. As long as workers are present in an

establishment, the latrines, passages, stairs, hoists, ground and all other parts of the establishment in so far as the entrance of the said places is not close, must be lighted in

such manner that safety and comfort to work are fully secured.

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● In every part of an establishment where workers are working or passing, there shall

provided and maintained sufficient and suitable lighting, natural or artificial, or both.

● Windows and skylight must be kept in clean. In every establishment all glazed windows and skylight use for the lighting of the work-room shall be kept clean on

both the outer and inner surfaces and free form obstruction as far as possible. In every establishment effective provisions shall be made for the prevention of glare

either directly from any source of light or by reflection form a smooth or polished surface, and the formation of shadow to such and extend as to cause eyestrain or

risk of accident to any worker.

Analysis of Lighting System in Orion Infusion Limited

OIL always committed to provide suitable light in every part of an establishment in which labors are working or passing.

■ Each production house obtain sufficient light by both natural and artificially.

■ OIL management believes that health, hygienic and lighten work unit the labor more energetic for doing their work. So they are always concern about the lightening

system of production house.

■ The way of movement, corridor, pass way are also provided sufficient light.

■ Every week the glass of the windows are make clean for the purpose of get sufficient light.

But their found some variation between the management and the labor speech about

wash of the windows, they claimed that windows are cleaned one time in a month or sometime above it.

Rules Regarding Drinking Water

The Bangladesh Labor Act makes suitable arrangement to provide clean drinking water conveniently situated for all workers by section 58.

● In every establishment effective arrangement should be made sufficient supply of wholesome pure drinking water and maintain at a suitable point conveniently

situated for all worker employed there in.

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● All such points shall be glibly marked “Drinking Water” in Bengali language.

Provision shall be made for cooling the drinking water during the hot weather by effective means and for distribution of every establishment where in more than

two hundred fifty workers is ordinarily employed.

● Effective0 arrangement shall be made for oral dehydration therapy for those

workers who may loss water from their bodies for working near or around machineries producing excessive hits, and

● In addition, in every establishment and arrangement of drinking water for every is to be provided free of charge.

Analysis of Drinking water in Orion Infusion Limited

It is the right of the labor to het the pure drinking water at the time of production process. Here we found that OIL is also trying to maintain the standard as well.

■ OIL provide sufficient pure drinking water to the labor at the time of production.

■ Working in temperate and in the time of hot weather, sufficient both cool and

normal water are provided to the labor and the labor can take according to their choice.

■The worker who may lose water from their bodies for working near or around the

machine, they are provided oral- saline with the cool pure drinking water.

But there found variation, the labor who are associated with heavy machine will not

always get oral-saline. Some time the amount of such saline is not sufficient, claimed by the heavy machine operator.

■ The pure drinking water are provided to the labor without any cost.

Rules Regarding Latrines and Urinals

Sufficient and suitable sanitary convenience must be provided, wit separate accumulation where persons are both sexes are employed. The convenience must be

kept clean and well-lit and ventilated. Section 59 of the Act stipulates the following provision regarding latrine and urinals.

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● In every establishment, sufficient latrines and urinals of prescribed types shall be

provided conveniently situated and accessible to workers at all times while they are in the establishment.

● In every establishment, enclosed latrines and urinals shall be provided separately

for male and female workers.

● In every establishment, such latrines and urinals shall be adequately lighted, ventilated and supplied with water all time.

● In every establishment, such latrines and urinals shall be maintain in a clean and sanitary condition at all the times with suitable detergent or disinfectants or with

both.

Analysis of Latrines and Urinals in Orion Infusion Limited

At the beginning of the set of the production unit OIL is highly concern about the

suitable and sufficient sanitary system. For such they provided for their labor a good number of hygienic latrines and urinals.

■ Each production unit have 120 labor and separate male and female latrines and urinals are associated with each production unit for them.

■ OIL provide 16 urinals of which 8 for male and the other8 for female. Here form

10 latrines 5 for male and other 5 for female in each production house which contain 120 labors.

■ According to the management of the OIL, every day the urinals are keep wash and the latrines are wash in every one day interval.

But the labor claimed that urinals and latrines are not wash timely and in a week the number of washing is not more than two times.

Rules Regarding Spittoons

According to the section 60 of the Act, in establishment there shall be provided, at

convenient places, a sufficient number spittoons which shall be maintained in a clean and hygienic condition. No person shall spit within the premises an

establishment except in the spittoons provided for the purpose. A notice continue this provision and the violation of this provision shall amount to punishable offence

shall be prominently displayed at suitable places in the premises.

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Analysis of Spittoons in Orion Infusion Limited

Spit is a toxic thing and become create diseases for the human body, so for maintain

a clear and hygienic condition OIL provides a good number of spittoons. ■ Spit within production house is hardly forbidden but it is not taken a punishable

offence in here.

■ No, notice is provided in this regard to the labor for spit in the ground of the production unit.

■ Basically no amount is charge form the labor because in here it is not taken as

punishable offence. But sometime management especially advice the labor to keep out form do so.

Overall Analysis at a Glance

Our survey report is made on 10 labor of OIL. Through our questionnaire we have found the following data about the satisfaction of health and hygienic sector of OIL.

The chart and the graph of OILS’ labor satisfaction about the health and hygienic sector is given below:

Chart-1: Condition about cleanliness, and ventilation and temperature system in OIL

No. Factor High

satisfaction

Medium

satisfaction

Low satisfacti

on

dissatisfaction

Total

01. Cleanliness 03 07 00 00 10

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Percentage (%) 30% 70% 00% 00% 100%

02.Ventilation

& temperatu

re

00 06 03 01 10

Percentage (%) 00% 60% 30% 10% 100%

Graphical-1: presentation of the satisfaction level of cleanliness, and ventilation and temperature system in OI

Chart-2: Condition about Dust and Fume and Disposal of Wastes System in OIL

No. Factor High

satisfaction

Medium

satisfaction

Low satisfacti

on

dissatisfaction

Total

03. Dust and fume 02 07 01 00 10

Percentage (%) 20% 70% 10% 00% 100%

04.Disposal of wastes 03 06 01 00 10

Percentage (%) 30% 60% 10% 00% 100%

Graphical-2: presentation of the satisfaction level of Dust and fume and Disposal of wastes system in OIL

Chart-3: Condition about Artificial humidity, and Overcrowding system in OIL

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No. Factor High satisfacti

on

Medium

satisfaction

Low satisfacti

on

dissatisfaction

Total

05.Artificial humidity 0 08 02 00 10

Percentage (%) 00% 80% 20% 00% 100%

06. Overcrowding

00 02 05 03 10

Percentage (%) 00% 20% 50% 30% 100%

Graphical-3: presentation of the satisfaction level of Artificial humidity, and Overcrowding system in OIL

Chart-4: Condition about Lighting, and Drinking water system in OIL

No. Factor High

satisfaction

Medium

satisfaction

Low satisfacti

on

dissatisfaction

Total

07. Lighting 04 05 01 00 10

Percentage (%) 40% 50% 10% 00% 100%

08. Drinking water

05 05 00 00 10

Percentage (%) 50% 50% 10% 00% 100%

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Graphical-4: presentation of the satisfaction level of Lighting, and Drinking water system in OIL

Chart-5: Condition about Latrines and urinals, and Spittoons system in OIL

No. Factor High

satisfaction

Medium

satisfaction

Low satisfacti

on

dissatisfaction

Total

09. Latrines and urinals 01 05 03 01 10

Percentage (%) 10% 50% 30% 10% 100%

10. Spittoons 01 05 04 00 10

Percentage (%) 10% 50% 40% 00% 100%

Graphical-5: presentation of the satisfaction level of Latrines and urinals, and Spittoons system in OIL system in OIL

Over all Analysis on Orion Infusion Limited

According to the rule of Bangladesh Government, the health and hygienic in the

commercial and industrial establishment is recognized as a subject of fundamental importance. Through our survey we found that OIL is successfully controlling the

labor by providing the satisfaction in different stage of production.OIL consider that fitted body is the first requirement of a labor to work in a production room

smoothly.

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Cleanliness is highly needed for the health and hygienic of the workers. So OIL

regularly washes the rubbish, filth or debris in a regular manner. They also varnished the production room timely. In case of ventilation system of production

OIL uses a good number of modern equipped cooling fan, ventilator etc. which keep the labor free form high temperature. Dust and wastes are regularly disposed in the

selective manner of Act. The byproducts of medicine are refined for further production and the final disposal are buried to the ground. OIL believes for

psychological satisfaction, it is needed to provide enough light in their work place as well as in the way of movement. For drinking OIL provide filter water without

any cost. Cool and normal water are provided in the hot weather condition which make labor more satisfied and keep them more time in work. A good number of

latrines and urinals are provided both for separately for male and female worker. Spit in open place is bad habit and also harmful for health. So inside the production

unit sufficient numbers of spittoons are provided.

Moreover OIL has some dissatisfaction in some sector such as- some time for the negligence of sweeper this sweeping system is hampered. OIL sometime fails to

maintain the specific space for the worker. As a result a huge number of worker are work in a production room in a crowding situation. OIL cannot take spit in

production house as a punishable offence but it should be needed to consider as a punishable offence and in this regard it should need to provide notice to the labor.In over all sense we can recommend that though OIL has some limitation in some

sector. Above it, it is now maintaining a good standard in its health and hygiene sector of labor. OIL always believes that skill labors are their assets and the labors

are worked properly only when they are fitted and energetic to do so.

Findings at a Glance

Through our survey we find out the following findings about the health and hygienic condition of labor on Orion Infusion Limited -

1. OIL’s production house designed by Korean Construction Group named ‘Holkin Hun Ltd.’ in here with automatic internal draining systems the rubbish, filth, debris or byproduct are disposing in world class standard.

2. Basically one day gap interval all the drains, privy or other nuisance are washed by the sweeper.

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3. Through our observation we found that OIL repainted or varnished their production plants inside wall, partitions, all ceilings or top of the room and walls when it necessary.

4. In each production unit 34 ventilators are arranged for controlling the temperature of 120 labors and 16 big size windows are also attracted with it.

5. In some vital production unit where it is not possible to control temperature because of hot condition, in this situation air cooler system provided.

6. Air-freshener is two times provided for keep the labor free form medicine smell.

7. In the time of working in laboratory or in specific work place some precautionary product are given to the worker- in here stay special cap, gloves, aprons, oxygen mask etc.

8. Labor claimed that most of the time management does not provide any precautionary products. Only some specific day they provided those and this product are very limited in number.

9. For general disposal of harmful wastes and byproduct OIL use modern refining system. Under this system a big boll is used for refining the waste primarily.

10. Though this production unit has the capacity of 120 labors but some time they work in here more then 150 to 170 workers in a very narrow space.

11. Each production house obtain sufficient light and the way of movement, corridor, pass way are also lighten by both natural and artificial way.

12. Working in high temperate and in the season of hot weather, sufficient both cool and normal water are provided to the labor and the labor can take according to their choice.

13. The worker who may lose water from their bodies for working near or around the machine, they are provided oral- saline with the cool pure drinking water.

14. It is claimed by the heavy machine operator that, the labor whose are associated with heavy machine will not always get oral-saline. Some time the amount of such saline is not sufficient.

15. OIL provides 30 urinals of which 15 for male and the other15 for female. Here form 20 latrines 10 for male and other 10 for female in each production house.

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Every day the urinals are keep wash and the latrines are washing in one day interval.

16. For maintain a clear and hygienic condition OIL provides a good number of spittoons.

17. Basically no amount is charge form the labor because in here it is not taken as punishable offence to spit within the production unit. But sometime management especially advice the labor to keep out form do so.

Recommendation

Orion Infusion Limited always committed to continuous development of the human

recourse through appropriate training and motivation. Launching new well equipped modern plant and machinery they try to increase the production by satisfying the

internal labors. A labor works with his full ability when he is satisfied about the facility of the management.

OIL is highly professionally managed organization and they are maintaining almost the same standard which the Bangladesh Labor Act said. For providing the health

and hygiene satisfaction appropriately, they are committed to keep the standard in most of the sector. Such as- cleanliness, ventilation and temperature, disposal of

wastes, lighting, drinking water, latrines and urinals, spittoons etc.However it also has some major problem in some of its sector. Such as-

• They should need to have more consciousness about the cleanliness of the wall and top roof of the production house, because sometime the negligence of the sweeper the cleanliness system is hampered.

• Drain should need to wash in timely when is needed.

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• They should need to establish the modern roof air space system, which will be provided more satisfactory condition in both ventilation and lighting system.

• Sometime they are very let in dispose of the waste or be slow in disposing process, which will be sometime harmful for the health and hygienic condition of the labor.

• Overcrowding is the most well known and prime problem in Orion Infusion Limited. So the management should need to do something permanently in this regarded.

• Spit is a very bad habit and become harmful for health. So it is need to take as a punishable offence within the production unit.

Conclusion

Orion Infusion Limited continues to make good progress towards

commercial and operational excellence to improve the underlying

performance of the management and the labor. So they always believe to

provide a healthy and hygienic condition within the organization, which

will make the labor more fitted and energetic to does their work and they

are willing to dedicating their effort in order to achieve the corporate

goals of the organization.

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REFERENCES

“Annual Report,” Orion Infusion Ltd., Financial year 2005-2006, p.p. Al.

Noman, Md. Mahmud, Administrative officer, Orion Infusion Ltd.

Farukuzzaman, Md., Administrative officer, Orion Infusion Ltd.

Sen, Arun Kumar & Mitra, Jitendra Kumar (2006). Commercial Law and Industrial Law. (25th Revised Edition) The World press Private Limited, Kolkata. pp. 399-450.

Ahmed, Dr. Zulfiquar (2007). A Text Book of Bangladesh Labor Act, 2006. (1ST Edition) Shams Publications, 139, New Paltan Lilne, Azimpur, Dhaka-1205. pp. 86-91.

Labor Act in Bangladesh: http// www. law pb.com/ Retrieved date June 20, 2007.

Labor Act in the 21st Century: http// www. law mp21.com / Retrieved date May10, 2007.

www.orionph.com

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