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Dr. Dennis Hancock Extension Forage Specialist Crop and Soil Sciences – UGA Baled Silage

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Page 1: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Dr. Dennis Hancock Extension Forage Specialist

Crop and Soil Sciences – UGA

Dr. Dennis Hancock Extension Forage Specialist

Crop and Soil Sciences – UGA

Baled SilageBaled Silage

Page 2: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%
Page 3: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Baled Silage

Storage4-10% loss

Baling2-5% loss

FeedingMinimal loss

FeedingMinimal loss

Wilting2-5% loss

Fewer Losses Accumulate With

Each Step

End Result: 90% of Original DM

Can be more efficient…

Page 4: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Quality AdvantagesQuality Advantages

• Lowered risk of rain damage

• Less shatter loss

• Higher forage quality1

Lower NDF, ADF, ADL Higher CP Increased digestibility Increased palatability

1 Han, et al. 2005; Hancock and Collins, 2006.

Page 5: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Less dependent on weather

Makes use of some forages that other-wise

wouldn’t work.

Silage & Haylage

SILAGE - Forage that has undergone anaerobic

fermentation

Page 6: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

DetailsDetails

Page 7: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Silage Fermentation

Lactic acid bacteriaAcetic acid bacteria

Silage pH

pH 6.0 pH 4.2pH 3.8

1 2 3 4 7 14 20 28

Days after ensilingAcetic acid, like propionic acid in hay preservatives, isan antagonist to yeast/fungal growth. Plus, there isvery little oxygen for the fungus to grow.

Page 8: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Silage pH

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

pH Sorghum-sudan

Alfalfa

Page 9: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Consider: Cost, Labor, Speed, Volume

Bale Wrapper SelectionBale Wrapper Selection

Page 10: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Baled Silage CostsBaled Silage CostsPlastic Cost:

$5.00 - $15.00/ton DM

Wrapper cost:$2.00 - $5.00/ton

DMFuel & Repairs:

$0.50 - $5.00/ton DMLabor:

$0.75 - $2.00/ton DMTotal:

$12 - $25/ton DM

Page 11: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%
Page 12: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Wrapping System Determines Through-Put

Wrapping System Determines Through-Put

• Cut mid-afternoon on one day, bale & wrap the next day.

• Amount cut = how much can be baled and wrapped the next day.

• Bales should be wrapped w/in 12 hrs of baling.

Page 13: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

• Optimize bale sizematch to tractordense bales4’x 5’ bale is most popular

900-1300 lbs, dep. on %Msquare edges

• Use plastic twine or netsisal twine degrades plastic

• Optimize bale sizematch to tractordense bales4’x 5’ bale is most popular

900-1300 lbs, dep. on %Msquare edges

• Use plastic twine or netsisal twine degrades plastic

Make Good Bales

Page 14: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

• Wrap at the storage site reduces handling reduces risk of spoilage

Choose an Appropriate Site for Wrapping

Page 15: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Bale at the Right Moisture

Ideal Range, 50-65% Moisture

Rule of thumb:bale when the forage is no longer wet enough to wring juice out of a

handful.

Rule of thumb:bale when the forage is no longer wet enough to wring juice out of a

handful.

Poor Fermentation

Toxic Potential

(Clostridial, Listeriosis)

70% 40%70% 40%

Moisture

Page 16: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Apply enough plastic but no more.

6-10 layers (+ double on joints)

4-6 layers

Page 17: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Storage Treatment Consumption 2 layers 53% 4 layers 84% 6 layers 88% Hay 44%

Alfalfa silage & hay 2, 4, or 6 layers of film

2 layersHay

4 layers6 layers

Page 18: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Baled Silage – An Option for Harvesting High

Quality

Baled Silage – An Option for Harvesting High

Quality

Treatment CP TDN RFQ ADG% % (lbs/hd/d)

Bermuda Hay 16.1 a 62.9 b 116 c 1.56 b

Ryegrass Baleage 16.3 a 65.9 a 174 a 1.94 a

Ryegrass Hay 14.7 b 62.4 c 133 b 1.26 b

LSD0.10 0.22 0.35 3.2 0.341

Page 19: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Resources

Page 20: Baled Silage Storage 4-10% loss Baling 2-5% loss Feeding Minimal loss Feeding Wilting 2-5% loss Fewer Losses Accumulate With Each Step End Result: 90%

Questions?Questions? www.georgiaforages.com1-800-ASK-UGA1

www.georgiaforages.com1-800-ASK-UGA1


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