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PHAN THỊ THÙY ANPHAN THỊ THÙY AN

TRẦN THỊ THÚY QUỲNHTRẦN THỊ THÚY QUỲNH

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The Importance of the national press ( by Yến Ngọc).1

The two types of national newspaper ( Bích Ngọc).

The characteristics of the national press: politics ( Thùy An ).3

The characteristics of the NP : sex & scandal ( Thúy Quỳnh).4

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OUTLINE

2

5 The BBC ( Hồng Vân ) .

Television : Organization ( Ngọc Yến ).

Television : Style ( Tú Kiều).7

6

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I. THE IMPORTANCE OF NATIONAL PRESS

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I. THE IMPORTANCE OF THE NATIONAL PRESS

- “People could not be expected to do without their newspaper

for even one day” ,they are the world’s 3rd biggest newspaper buyers =>the impotance of newspaper in britain.

=>the importance of the national press.

- Newspaper publication is dominated by the national press.

- 80% of all households buy a copy of national papers everyday

National papers ?

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I.THE IMPORTANCE OF THE NATIONAL PRESS

Newsagents laws were relaxed in < 1990s

newsagents can allowed to open on Sunday.

“paper round” - country’s readers get their morning paper delivered to their door by a teenager

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I. THE IMPORTANCE OF THE NATIONAL PRESS

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National papers Non-national papers

National “Dailies” papers (everyday mornings)

“Sunday” papers (only on Sundays )

The national press’ dominanceis absolute

>80 local & regional daily papers

(everyday evenings)

The total circulation of al of them < the combined circulation of

The national “dailies”

II. THE 2 TYPES OF NATIONAL NEWSPAPER

II. THE 2 TYPES OF NATIONAL NEWSPAPER

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II. THE 2 TYPES OF NATIONAL NEWSPAPER

* What are the 2 types of national

newspaper? * Quality papers = broadsheets.

Cater for the better educated readers. Devote much space to politics and other “serious”

news. Do not completely ignore sex and scandal and any

other aspect of public life.

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II. THE 2 TYPES OF NATIONAL NEWSPAPER

* Popular papers = tabloids. Sell to a much large readership. Contain far less print than the broadsheets and far more

pictures, larger headlines and write in a simple style of English.

- Concentrate on “human interest” sex and scandal. Same a & b: Devote equal amounts of attention to sport. Difference a & b: In the treatment of the topics they cover and

in which topics are given the most prominence.

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II. THE 2 TYPES OF NATIONAL NEWSPAPER

The reason that the quality newspapers are called broadsheets and the popular ones tabloides.

Because: different shapes (broadsheets = 2 tabloids)

But this question is a mystery why.

2 typical types:

-Daily paper

-Sunday paper

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II. THE 2 TYPES OF NATIONAL NEWSPAPER

In the early 1990s: Tabloids sell = 6 times broadsheets.

In 1950s improve better: Tabloids sell = 20 times. Education seems to be having and effect on people

reading habits.

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III.THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NATIONAL PRESS:

POLITICS

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III. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NP: POLITICS

The way politics is presented in the national newspaper → British political parties → essentially parliamentary organizations.

What counts for the newspaper publishers is business.→ First is in the business and to make money.Their primary concern → to sell as many copies as possible + to attract as much advertising as possible.( usually put selling copies ahead of political integity)

The sbrupt turn abt in the stance of the Scottish edition of the Sun in early 1991→ good e.g.

The British press controlled by a rather small# of extremely large multinational companies→ two notable features.

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III. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NP: POLITICS

freedom fr interference fr G influence.→ so powerful & sometimes referred to “the fourth estate’(the other three being the Commons, the Lords and the monarch)

→ freedom of speech → basic constitutional right.→a striking e.g of the importance of freedom of

speech occured during the II WW

=> None of the big national newspaper “belongs “ to a political party.in any case ,a large number of readers are not very interested in the political coverage of a paper. They buy it for the sport, or the human interest stories, or for some other reason.

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III. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NP: SEX & SCANDAL

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III. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NP: SEX & SCANDAL

The other feature of the national press is it shallowness.

The desire to attract more readers at all costs ( the broadsheet in Brit looked ‘popular’ when compared to equivalent ‘quality’ in some countries. ) Sex and scandal press

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III. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NP: SEX & SCANDAL

Revealing the details of ppl’s private lives

Many journalists spend their times to discover secrets of famous ppl

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III.THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NP: SEX & SCANDAL

1992 sex and scandal sell newspapersMany stories abt famous ppl & royalty

sales of tabloids by 122,000In Oct the stories dried up in

sales by > 200,000

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III. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NP: SEX & SCANDAL

On 11 Oct 1992 it had 9 pages of photos of the popstar Madonna taken from sex ( her best-selling book) sales 74,000 greater than usual.

Next Sunday w/th Madonna 74,000 less than the week before .

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III. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NP: SEX & SCANDAL

But there is a widespread feeling too intrusivelyComplaints regarding invasion of privacy dealt w/.

by the Press Complaints Commission ( PCC)This is made up of newspaper editors &

journalistsmany ppl are not happy w/. this

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III.THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NP: SEX & SCANDAL

The rest of the press The Economist = Time, Newsweek, Der

Spiegle & L’Express The New Statesman and Society Private Eye Radio Times

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V. THE BBCBBC “ the mother of information

services”.

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V. THE BBC Its reputation for imparticulity + objectivity +

independence.Independence characteristics:

Not depending on advertising nor on the G income.

Getting licence fee which everybody who uses TV pay

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V. THE BBCG decides how much the fee is.appoints BBC’s board of governors/

director general veto any BBC programme before transmitting.

takes away the BBC’s licence. easy for G to influence what BBC

does.

V. THE BBC

1932, BBC World Service set up.

WW II, identified with principle of democracy + free speech.

BBC’s fame international.

Today, broadcasting around the global with 5 national radio stations

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VI.TELEVISION ORGANIZATION

In terms of the size of its audience, television has long since taken over from radio as the most significant form of broadcasting in Britain. Its dependence from government interference is largely a matter of tacit

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VI.TELEVISION ORGANIZATION

BBC: no advertising Independent Television (ITV), started in 1954:

including advertising. When commercial television began, it was fear that

advertisers would have too much control over programming and that the new channel would exhibit all the worst features of tabloid journalism.

Most importantly for the structure of commercial television, ITV news programmes sponsored by individual television companies

The same fears about the quality of television programmes that was expressed when ITV are now heard with regard to satellite and cable television.

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VI.TELEVISION ORGANIZATION

The four channels:1. BBCI: started in 19362. ITV : started in 19543. BBCII: started in 19644. The fourth channel: started in 1982

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VI. TELEVISION ORGANIZATION

Besides, there is channel fine started in 1997

There is also a Welsh language channel for viewers in Wales.

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VII.TELEVISION STYLE

ITV did cause a change in the style and content of other programmers show on television

In it early years ITV captured nearly ¾ of BBC’s audience

BBC + ITV show a wide variety of programmers

=> Has constant competition with each other to attract the largest audience.

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VII.TELEVISION STYLE

One of particular importance in the rating war is the performance of the channel’s various soap opera.

* British prefer kind of pseudo_ realism in the soups.

*1982, British has two channel: BBC2+ Channel 4

+BBC2 : is famous for its dramatization of great works of literature and documentary series.+Channel 4: show a wide variety of programmes catering to minority interests.

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VII.TELEVISION STYLE

1970: 94% of British households has television set.

1994: 40% watch > 3h / day 16% watch 7h or >

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