baghdad- jewish encyclopedia vol 2 ed isaac landman (1939-43)
TRANSCRIPT
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7/27/2019 Baghdad- Jewish Encyclopedia Vol 2 Ed Isaac Landman (1939-43)
1/3Publ
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athitrust.org/access_
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7/27/2019 Baghdad- Jewish Encyclopedia Vol 2 Ed Isaac Landman (1939-43)
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L J WI H NCYC OP DIA
lof theformerTurk ishprov-
ce1932capitalof theA rab
tedin outhernMesopo-
Tigrisriver,andis called,
abelor hinarbytheO riental
namemeans givenby
Iranian)language.The
sewhere)mentionsacity
, identifiedbysomewithB agh-
writersdatethelatter s
2C. .TheJewssettledin
lthoughboth theyandthe
tomanyrestrictionsimposed
wever,werenotalways
ty.B ytheendof thegth
dadevenheldgovernmental
etimeB aghdadbecamethe
p.Itwastheresidenceof
oselyconnectedwiththeacad-
editha.ManyJewishscholars
ghdadinthisperiodandlater
abagdadiorH ababli.
aghdad;the araites,
nanbenDavid,cametoB agh-
doctrinesin public,asdid
adafootholdthere.In930
aghdadtoescapetheenmityof
stherethat hecomposedhis
alwork, munothV edeoth.
edwiththee ilarchDavid
edhishighofficeatthe acad-
marianDunashibn abrat
0. TheGeonimHai, imoi,
wereofficialjudgesthere
editha.Itis saidthatA bra-
ghdadabout1140. Twenty
ssuedhisstirring appealtothe
theirallegiancetothe Mos-
toJerusalem.Duringthe
ghdadweregrantedacertain
ent.CaliphAl-Muktafiap-
monH asdai, ase ilarch. H e
Daniel,atwhosedeath the
c ametoanend. TheJew ishc om-
eneralruinof thecity;in
apturedbytheMongolsunder
n redwithJewishbloodasthe
warfare.In1401manyJews
asbesiegedand destroyed
7thcent.Jewishscholarship
halowebbthateven minor
tledbytherabbis ofA leppo
eriodfortheJewswasf rom
ghdadwasthesc eneofbattles
theTurks,in whichthe
orious.Thereaftertheir
e.
enjaminofTudela(about
nsburg(i2thcent.),andIsrael
scribeconditionsinB aghdad
enjaminofTudelareports
einB aghdad1, 000( )Jew ish
nagogues,andtenYeshivas.
eardinstrumentalmusicin
eira(i7thcent.)reports
ewishhomesinB aghdad.
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7/27/2019 Baghdad- Jewish Encyclopedia Vol 2 Ed Isaac Landman (1939-43)
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L J WI H NCYC OP DIA
O F , p e di a tr i ci a n an d p ub l ic
Prussia, 1 43;d. B erlin, 191 .
ersofmoderntherapeuticsfor
tedinnumeroustreatises,
being diphtheriaand
fancy.Theintroductionof
ablishmentofinfantasylums
ellas manyotheradvances
hildrenaredue tohisefforts.
ntedinstruc torintheUniversity
gassistantprofessor. incehe
,hewasdeniedahigher
any.In1 90hewasmade
ded mperorand mpress
reputationbeingsowell estab-
onedby ultanA bdulHamid
ant hygieneinConstanti-
derofA rc hiv fur inderheil-
0)andauthorofDiehygien-
saischenGesetzgebung(and
.
G OH I ( o l d P er s ia n B a g a ,
al, governorof Judeaduringthe
04B . C . . )andA rta er esII
goasismentionedtogetherw idi
salem,ina letteraddressed
ndheadofthe Jewishmil-
phantine, gypt), appealingfor
templewhichwasdestroyed
untofkeendif ferenc ese isting
agoas,thelatterpromisedthe
hua,brotherofJohanan,
hisbrother.B agoasthen
actedaheavyfine,declaring
fratricidalpriest.
aswascommonalsoamong
. 7:7, wherethewordB igvai
as B agohi).InlaterH ellen-
onymforeunuch,and in
th(12:11).
C RA D O U NI .
A N D , m o st n o rt h er l y gr o up o f
Theremusthavebeena Jew-
ds,forthere isasmall
tofJewsin thecityof
theseatofthegovernment.
ieswereresidentsofNassau.
o a o a l va d or d a B a h i a de
zilianseaportandcapitalofthe
the firstcommunityofpro-
ernH emisphere.
tohavelivedatB ahiaas
torganizedsettlementwas
ede ousa,firstgovernor-
colonyofB razil,wasordered
ahiaandbuildastrong city
wChristians (secretJewswho
cism)werefleeingfromper-
ntryinlarge numbersat
din B ahia,becomingpar-
prosperoussugartrade.There
ysiciansin1610;about1620
ahiawasabout1,000and
swealthiestcitizens.ThePor-
meofficialinB razilin1621,but
n theprecedingdecade,often
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