Bacteria

Kingdom Pro vs. Eu Uni vs. Multi Auto vs. Hetero

Archaebacteria PRO UNI BOTH

Eubacteria PRO UNI BOTH

Bacterial Structure

Bacillus – rod shaped

Spirillium – spiral shaped

Coccus – circular shaped

What Shape?

Feeding Habits What is an Autotroph?

Autotroph: Photosynthesis

Produce own energy

Example: Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic

Autotroph: Chemosynthesis

Use hydrogen sulfide from deep ocean vents

What is a Heterotroph?

Heterotroph: Parasitic

• Bacteria feeds off of the host.

• Bacteria benefits, host is harmed

Example: Bacillus anthracis• Bacillus anthracis causes

anthrax, a deadly disease in cattle and a potential bioweapon against humans.

• The infection is characterized by a severe hemorrhage and inflammation. The lung and skin are often involved.

Example: Staphylococcus

• Staphylococcus (a.k.a. staph) can cause serious infections and is one of the most drug-resistant bacteria.

Example: Streptococcus

• Streptococcus pneumoniae causes strep throat, meningitis, and pneumonia.

Heterotroph: Mutualistic

• Bacteria and the host benefit from each other

• If one were to die, the other would suffer or eventually die

Example: E. coli• Escherichia coli (a.k.a.

E. coli) lives in the gut, where it helps digest food and produces Vitamin K.

• The "bad" strain of E. coli O157:H7 causes severe food borne sickness.

Example: Lactobacillus bulgaricus

• Lactobacillus bulgaricus helps turn milk into cheese, yogurt, and other dairy products

Heterotroph: Saprophytic

• Bacteria consumes dead matter

• Bacteria functions as a decomposer

Binary fission: Asexual Reproduction, clone

Conjugation:

Sexual

Reproduction

- Pilus extends to other bacterial cell, replicate plasmid, give plasmid

Archaebacteria: Thermophiles

• Thermus aquaticus is a heat-loving bacterium that can thrive in habitats where the temperature is sometimes as hot as 140 degrees C (284 degrees F)

Archaebacteria: Methanogens

Found in anaerobes in digestional tracts

Found in sewage decomposers

Produce Methane Gas

Found in marshes

Found in marshes

Archaebacteria: Halophiles• Halophiles are microorganisms that

live and grow in high saline/salty environments.

• The saline content in their environments is usually 10 times the saline/salt content of normal ocean water.. Normal ocean water has a saline/salt level of 30 percent.

• Some environments that halophiles live in are the Great Salt Lake in Utah, Owens Lake in California, the Dead Sea

Dead Sea Floaters