background information in the 1400, europeans did not know much about the world. most europeans had...
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Background InformationIn the 1400, Europeans did not know much about the world.
•most Europeans had never been outside Europe
•European map of the world included only Europe, Asia, and the top of Africa.
•believed there was only one ocean, the Ocean Sea
•many people thought the world was flat •educated Europeans knew that it was round
•had no idea how large the world was
Europeans had traveled across some dangerous territory (land) into Asia because of the spices, silks, and other precious items. Many explorers
thought there was a faster sea route from Europe into Asia.
ASIAASIAEUROPEEUROPENORTH AMERICANORTH AMERICA
SOUTHSOUTH AMERICAAMERICA
AFRICAAFRICA
ANTARCTICAANTARCTICA
AUSTRALIAAUSTRALIA
Atla
ntic
Atla
ntic O
cean
Ocea
n
Pacific OceanPacific Ocean
Indian OceanIndian Ocean
Arctic OceanArctic Ocean
Number your paper from 1 to 11. Match the name of the ocean or continent with the number and write it on your paper. Use the word bank below.
Word Bank
AfricaAntarctica
Arctic OceanAsia
Atlantic OceanAustraliaEurope
Indian OceanNorth AmericaPacific Ocean
South America
11
22
33 44
55
66
77
88
99 1010
1111
Essential Questions
1. Who were the explorers?
2. What did they hope to find?
3. Who sponsored (paid for) their voyages (trips)?
4. What were some of their obstacles (challenges)?
5. What did they accomplish?
6. How did they interact with the Native Americans?
7. How did the Europeans and Native Americans help or hurt each other?
1000BP Vikings Land on Newfoundland
L’Anse aux Meadows - Nfld.•1000 BP•Established settlement•Now a World Heritage Site
Who sailed the ocean blue in 1492?
Christopher Columbus
REASON for VOYAGES-to find a western sea route to Asia
• Tried to convince King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain to pay for the ships that would bring the finest riches from India.
• The King and Queen finally agreed and gave Columbus three ships, the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria.
• When land was found he named the native people there Indians as he thought it was India. • Columbus actually landed on an island south of North America, known as San Salvador.
• This “mistake” in which he discovered the Americas opened the doors to future European exploration.
Christopher Columbus
WHO SPONSORED (PAID FOR) the VOYAGES
-Spain
Christopher Columbus
OBSTACLES/CHALLENGES-had no maps, crew was frightened
Christopher Columbus
ACHIEVEMENTS/SUCCESSES-Revealed the existence of the
Natives to the Europeans
Christopher Columbus
Nina and Pinta
Santa Maria
REASON for VOYAGES-to find a western sea route to Asia
John Cabot
John CabotIn 1497, Italian navigator John Cabot sailed from England (sponsor country) to North America. He was trying to find a Northwest Passage to Asia. Cabot explored the coasts of present-day Labrador and Newfoundland in eastern Canada.
Cabot explored eastern Canada for England!
John Cabot
WHO SPONSORED (PAID FOR) the VOYAGES-England
John Cabot
OBSTACLES/CHALLENGES-had no maps
John Cabot
ACHIEVEMENTS/SUCCESSES-Explored the east coast of North America
John Cabot
REASON for VOYAGES-looking for riches and the “Fountain of Youth”
Juan Ponce de Leon
Juan Ponce de Leon
WHO SPONSORED (PAID FOR) the VOYAGES
-Spain
OBSTACLES/CHALLENGES-Fought with American Indians
Juan Ponce de Leon
ACHIEVEMENTS/SUCCESSES-First European in Florida, discovered the Gulf Stream
Juan Ponce de Leon
Juan Ponce de Leon
REASON for VOYAGES-looking for gold
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
WHO SPONSORED (PAID FOR) the VOYAGES
-Spain
ACHIEVEMENTS/SUCCESSES-First European to reach Pacific Ocean from
the east
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
OBSTACLES/CHALLENGES-Had to cross mountains and jungles of
Panama; fought with Indians
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
Jacques Cartier
• Cartier sailed for France.
• He was looking for the Northwest passage to the Indies.
• He explored the St. Lawrence River in Canada, near what later became Quebec.
Jacques Cartier’s Voyage
FranceFranceSt. Lawrence River
REASON for VOYAGES-Northwest passage to Pacific; gold
Jacques Cartier
Jacques Cartier
WHO SPONSORED (PAID FOR) the VOYAGES
-France
OBSTACLES/CHALLENGES-no route, cold winters, sick crew
Jacques Cartier
Jacques Cartier
ACHIEVEMENTS/SUCCESSES-Explored eastern Canada and
St. Lawrence River
Jacques Cartier
Explorations of CoronadoSpanish explorer Francisco Vásquez de Coronado led one of the earliest European expeditions to the Colorado River region in 1540 and 1541. Coronado was in search of gold or other riches that were rumored to exist in the legendary Seven Cities of Cibola, which were thought to be located in the Southwest. Members of Coronado’s party did not find the Seven Cities, but they probably did become the first Europeans to view the Grand Canyon.
Coronado claimed land in the southwestern U.S. for Spain!
Champlain established the French settlement of Quebec!
Samuel de ChamplainSamuel de Champlain was a French explorer who, in 1608, founded the Canadian city of Québec as a fur-trading post. Champlain befriended the Algonquin and Hurons in the area. With a party of indigenous peoples and two French companions, Champlain led a raid on the Iroquois, who were defeated largely because the Europeans had firearms.
Samuel de Champlain: Father of New France
REASON for VOYAGES-Northwest passage to Asia
Henry Hudson
Henry Hudson
WHO SPONSORED (PAID FOR) the VOYAGES-England
OBSTACLES/CHALLENGES-No route, cold winters, crew mutinied
Henry Hudson
ACHIEVEMENTS/SUCCESSES-Explored Hudson River and Hudson Bay
Henry Hudson
Henry Hudson
LaSalle claimed the Mississippi River Valley for France!
Sieur de La Salle Claims Louisiana TerritorySieur de La Salle settled in Canada in 1666. La Salle received a land grant near Montréal and entered the fur trade. He also began exploring the North American continent. During an expedition on the Mississippi River in 1682, La Salle claimed the entire Mississippi Valley for France, naming the territory Louisiana.
Areas of Cooperation between the Europeans
• Farm animals• Transportation of
firearms and farm tools (technologies)
• Trade• Desire of English to
spread Christianity• Crops
• Land• Competition for trade• Disease• Language differences
Areas of Conflictbetween the Europeans
Cultural Interactions of Each European Ethnicity: Spanish
• Conquered and enslaved Indians• Brought Christianity to the New World• Introduced European diseases into the New
World
Cultural Interactions of Each European Ethnicity: French
• Established trading posts in the New World• Spread Christianity
Cultural Interactions of Each European Ethnicity: English
• Established settlements and claimed ownership of land
• Learned farming techniques from American Indians
• Traded