back in the ussr - gfsis · back in the ussr bizina mayasvili roki – tanamedrove teqnologiebis...
TRANSCRIPT
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musika
Back In The USSRbiZina mayaSvili
roki – Tanamedrove teqnologiebis musika. bgera, romelic aRagznebs. bgera,
romlis gamoc adamianebi stadionebs avseben. bgeraTa kombinacia, romelic eTeris
udides nawils ikavebs da nebismieri feris, sqesis da asakis adamians aiZulebs, Tun-
dac gaucnobiereblad, aayolos fexi mis taqts.
dRes cotas Tu sjera iluziis, rom rokmusikas msoflios Secvla SeuZlia. ma-
gram albaT aravis epareba eWvi, rom am musikiT bevri dadebiTi Sedegis miRweva Sei-
Zleba.
Tavidan, 50-ian wlebSi, es iyo axalgazrdebis musika – mxolod gasarTobi. is
Tundac mxolod imitom unda gyvareboda, rom ufrosebs sZuldaT.
`bitlzis~ Semdeg is mniSvnelovani gaxda. xalxisTvis rokmusikosebi gadaiqcnen
poetebad, winaswarmetyvelebad, politikosebad. roksamyarom irwmuna Tavisi Tav-
is, TviTdajerebuli gaxda.
dRes is institutia, ramdenimemiliardiani industria. is gansazRvravs modas,
aviTarebs eleqtroteqnikas, qmnis samuSao adgilebs axalgazrdebisTvis.
roca es ambebi daiwyo, saqarTvelo sabWoTa imperiis nawili iyo da aqamde mx-
iaruli xmauris nacvlad sabWoTa ideologiis mier mravalgzis CaxSobili radio-
talRebi aRwevda.
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yvelafers safuZveli meore msoflio omis Semdeg Caeyara. sabWoTa jaris
uricxv nadavls Soris iyo musikaluri mxatvruli filmi glen mileris orkestris
monawileobiT – `mziuri velis serenada~. am filmma udidesi gavlena moaxdina 50-
iani wlebis sabWoTa axalgazrdebis gemovnebis Camoyalibebaze. musika, Cacmuloba,
stili Zalian didxans darCa sabWoTa axalgazrdebis mTavar orientirad.
am stils saqarTveloSi yvelaze metad miuaxlovda politeqnikuri institutis
jaz-orkestri da vokaluri kvarteti. es iyo umkacresi informaciuli izolaciis
periodi: sabWoTa kavSiridan kosmosSi ufro advilad moxvdebodi, vidre sazRvar-
gareT; diskebi da Canawerebi saqarTveloSi praqtikulad ar Semodioda. musikalu-
ri informaciis erTaderT wyaros lamfuri radiomimRebebi warmoadgenda. am ra-
diomimRebebTan Cacucquli musikosebi mosmeniT imaxsovrebdnen da ase mihqondaT
msmenelamde melodiebi.
mogvianebiT xdebian popularulebi elvis presli, pol anka, rei Carlzi. Tumca
isini moeqcnen italieli mozardis robertino loretis CrdilSi, romelic fal-
cetiT* mReroda sentimentalur simRerebs.
moTxovnileba popCanawerebze Zalian swrafad izrdeboda; magnitofonebi da
diskebi ki Zalian cota iyo. aman gamoiwvia iseTi fenomenis gaCena, rasac `neknebis~
diskebs eZaxdnen. es gaxldaT namdvili rentgenis suraTebidan kustarulad damza-
back in the ussr
`mziuri velis serena-da~ – kadri filmidan da filmis sareklamo plakati
* falceti – (ital. falsetto) 1. momRerlis xmis gansakuTrebiT maRali regis-tris bgera. 2. mamakacis Zalian wvrili, qaliseburi xma.
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debuli firfitebi, romlebzedac imdroindeli
hitebi iyo Cawerili.
60-iani wlebis saqarTvelodan sazRvargareT Zir-
iTadad `suxiSvilebi~, sportsmenebi da Tanamdebobis
pirebi dadiodnen. swored maTi Camotanili diskebis
imedad iyo maSin saqarTvelos axalgazrdobis didi
nawili. cxadia, isini sazRvargareT rokenrolisT-
vis ar dadiodnen, magram dasavleTidan tansacmelT-
an erTad aralegaluri literatura, Jurnalebi da
diskebic Camodioda.
am Jurnalebidan uxarisxod gadaRebuli fotoebi
zogierTma moyvarulma fotografma Semosavlis wy-
arod gaixada. im xanebSi Tbilisis skolebTan mori-
geobdnen fotosuraTebis gamyidvelebi, romelTa
jibeSi gadadioda mowafeTa mokrZalebuli sauzmisT-
vis mSoblebisagan gamoyofili 10-kapikianebi. fun-
TuSebis da sosisis sanacvlod gogonebi msaxiobebis,
biWebi ki gitariani biWebis fotoebs iRebdnen, rom-
lebsac jadosnuri saxeli – the beatles – ewera. male
am gitariani biWebis aslebi TbilisSic gamoCndnen da
isini Segnebulad Tu gaucnobiereblad Seecadnen re-
alur cxovrebaSi Tu ara, sazogadoebis mentalitet-
Si mainc moexdinaT revolucia.
es biWebi Tbilisis gareubnebis WuWyian klubeb-
Si marTavdnen koncertebs, sadac ara marto ingli-
surenovan simRerebs, aramed sakuTar, qarTulenovan
kompoziciebsac asrulebdnen. am koncertebs axal-
gazrdobis iseTi raodenoba eswreboda, qarTuli
rokis dRevandel varskvlavebs rom arc daesizmre-
baT.
es iyo kulturuli revoluciis qarTuli varian-
ti. es revolucia dasavleTSi damTavrebuli iyo. iq
roki ukve gamosuli iyo gareubnebis klubebidan da
prestiJul scenebze abijebda. gareubnebis quCebs
ki memarcxene ideebiT Sepyrobili axalgazrda radi-
kalebi daepatronen da moiTxovdnen im burJuaziuli
Rirebulebebis ganadgurebas, romliskenac ase miis-
wrafoda Cveni axalgazrdoba. amerikaSi hipebis moZ-
raoba piks aRwevda, berlinSi socialisturi ideebi
ibadeboda, parizSi studenturi barikadebi igebo-
da, praRaSi barikadebs sabWoTa tankebi angrevdnen,
londonSi gaugonari musikaluri eqsperimenti tar-
elvis presli
musika
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deboda.
popularuli musikis axali ideebi yvelaze ukeT
rokSi ganxorcielda; roki ki, ara imdenad wminda musi-
kaluri movlenaa, ramdenadac fenomeni, romelic cx-
ovrebis axal stils, axal eTikas, axal azrovnebas
gvTavazobs.
cxadia, sabWoTa ideologias es yvelaferi ara-
viTar SemTxvevaSi ar awyobda. imitomac axSobdnen
`amerikis xmaze~ vilis kanoveris, xolo bbc-ze seva
novgorodcevis musikalur gadacemebs. swored amito-
mac sabWoTa axalgazrduli presa (qarTulze lapara-
kic zedmetia) ar anebivrebda yuradRebiT dasavleTis
rokvarskvlavebs. sul ramdenime gamoxmaureba, isic
iseTi saxelgatexili rubrikebiT, romlebsac `maTi
zne-Cveulebani~, `dacemis kultura~, `riT erTobian~
an raRac msgavsi uazroba erqvaT.
am ideologiuri wnexis miuxedavad, informacia ax-
algazrdobamde mainc aRwevda. xalxma iswavla daxSu-
li radiogadacemebis mosmena, xazebs Soris kiTxva;
TbilisSi vrceldeboda Canawerebi, Semodioda diskebi,
tardeboda aralegaluri rok-koncertebi; xelmisaw-
vdomi xdeboda maSindeli Tavisuflebis simbolo – jin-
si. biWebi uSvebdnen Tmebs, ris gamoc milicia devnida;
gogonebs Sarvlebis gamo leqciebze ar uSvebdnen.
Tbilisi, 1970-ani wlebi
back in the ussr
48
aseT fonze xelisufleba xels uwyobda oficialuri popularuli (saestradod
monaTluli) musikis ganviTarebas, romelsac rokTan saerTo mxolod instrumen-
tebi Tu hqonda. miuxedavad imisa, rom am musikam saqarTveloSi iseTi maRalpro-
fesiuli Semsruleblebi gaaCina, rogorebic iyvnen ansamblebi `orera~, `dielo~,
`iveria~ da `75~, is mainc Zalian Sors idga im fenomenisgan, romelmac dasavleTSi
kulturuli gadatrialeba moaxdina.
pirvel yovlisa, es ar iyo musika, romelic Taobebs daapirispirebda: mas erT-
nairi warmatebiT usmendnen rogorc mamebi, ise Svilebi da, Tqven warmoidgineT,
bebiebic ki; es iyo musika, romelic arafers geubneboda da arc arafers giyveboda;
da rac arcTu Zalian umniSvneloa – am musikis TanxlebiT cekva ar SeiZleboda.
ZiriTadad am mizezebis gamo qarTul saestrado musikas ar hqonda araviTari
Sansi gamxdariyo axalgazrduli kulturis fenomeni. saqarTvelo aSkarad ganic-
dida namdvili, scenaze Sesrulebuli rokis deficits. cocxal rokTan miaxloebis
saukeTeso saSualebas socialisturi qveynebidan Camosuli popjgufebi warmoad-
gendnen, romlebic faqtobrivad rokis parodiad unda migveRo.
saqarTvelos axalgazrdebs sWirdebodaT sakuTari gmiri. gmiri sakuTari
qveynidan, sakuTari qalaqidan, sakuTari ubnidan, sakuTari wridan. biWi, romelic
avtomativiT moimarjvebda gitaras da daupirispirdeboda siyalbes. biWi, romel-
ic maT yvela kompleqss mouxsnida.
dRes Znelia Tqma, vin iyo is biWi, romelmac am ormocdaaTiode wlis win saqarT-
veloSi pirvelma daiWira xelSi eleqtrogitara. pretenzias am biWobaze dRes bev-
ansambli `bermuxa~
musika
49
ri acxadebs. am SemTxvevaSi pirovnebas ar aqvs mniSvneloba. ufro mniSvnelovania is
didi interesi, rac qarTvelma axalgazrdebma gamoxates rokmusikisadmi.
am musikis Semoqmedi iyvnen qarTuli rokis pirveli Taobis warmomadgenlebi:
baCi qitiaSvili, valeri koCarovi, miSa fofxaZe, vova mogelaZe, daTo SuSania, mao
(Tamaz kapanaZe), ilia zautaSvili, rezo CaCxiani, daTo sulaqveliZe, saSa da gogi
gociriZeebi, vova gonCarenko, alik dunaiski, zura yifSiZe, gia eZgveraZe da sxvebi.
SeiZleba maTi maSindeli teqnikuri aRWurviloba, instrumentebi da Sesrulebis
done ususurad gamoiyurebodes, magram rom ara es pionerebi, roki saqarTveloSi
kidev didxans darCeboda importul produqtad. Cveni rokerebidan yvelaze asako-
vani qarTuli rokis legendad monaTluli baCi qitiaSvilia. is albaT erTaderTia
(umniSvnelo gamonaklisebis garda), visac dRemde ar uRalatia Tavisi gitarisTvis.
namdvili, eqvssimiani gitara baCim pirvelad 14 wlis asakSi, 1960 wels ima sumakis
koncertze naxa. mezobls, bebiamisis patefonis da radio `rekordis~ daxmarebiT
moaxerxa Tavisi gitaris `denTan mierTeba~. pirveli basgitara ki gadaxerxili
Svidsimiani gitarisgan daamzada. 1962 wels 200 maneTad SeiZina (es im droisaTvis
sakmaod mniSvnelovani Tanxa iyo) iugoslaviidan Camotanili gitara.
dRes veravin uaryofs im did rols, romelic Seasrula baCis jgufma, legend-
arulma `bermuxam~, qarTuli rokis istoriaSi. `bermuxa~ pirveli seriozuli da
back in the ussr
50
gabeduli nabiji iyo – roki da Tanac qarTul
enaze! magram roki xom yovelTvis ufro meti
iyo, vidre musika! Cacmuloba, varcxniloba, cx-
ovrebis stili – yvelaferi gamomwvevi unda yo-
filiyo.
ai, rogor ixsenebs baCi qitiaSvili 60-iani
wlebis Suaxanebs: `Cvens garegnobaze Rizian-
debodnen. namdvili jinsebi TbilisSi sul ram-
denimes gvecva. vxexavdiT da ise davdiodiT.
montinis quCaze iyo hipebis patara jgufi,
fexSiSvelebi dadiodnen. bevr winaaRmdegobas
vawydebodiT. ubnis rwmunebuli mafrTxilebda,
SeiWeri Tma da daanebe Tavi musikas, eg ra kaci saqmeao. pirvelad 1966 wels
dagviWira da Tmebi gadagvparsa~.
im dros sakuTari Canaweris gakeTebaze ocnebac gamoricxuli iyo. sazo-
gadoebasTan urTierTobis erTaderT gzas naxevrad oficialuri koncertebi
warmoadgenda. `es koncertebi ki ara, brZola iyo, – ixsenebs baCi. – momswre var,
Tu rogor iCxrikeboda mTeli darbazi koncertis dros da xSirad Cvenc zed mi-
vuyolebivarT. erTxel zestafonSi milicieli momadga da miTxra: `modi aq, biWo,
yvelaferi Seni bralia, Sen agiJeb amaT!~ cxakaiaSi kinaRam milicia da xalxi Seejax-
nen. milicias koncertis CaSla undoda. roca mixvdnen, rom ver gaitandnen Tavisas,
miTxres: `daukari, oRond koncerti Cumad Caatare~. analogiuri situacia iyo aba-
SaSi, qobuleTSi, baTumSi. TbilisSi es damokidebuleba yvelaze mZafrad iyo ga-
moxatuli.
baCi pirveli iyo, magram es imas ar niSnavs, rom masze axalgazrda Taobas prob-
lemebi naklebi hqonda. daTo SuSanias pirveli Sexvedra rokenrolTan 1964 wels
moxda: cnobilma xelburTelma jemal cercvaZem daTos biZaSvils `bitlzis~ diski For sale Camoutana. miSa fofxaZis `telefunkeniT~ SabaTobiT `amerikis xmaze~ vi-
lis kanoveris gadacemebs usmendnen. 14 wlis iyo, roca Tanaskolelma goga orjon-
ikiZem basze dakvra SesTavaza. jgufi, romelic `bitlzis~ da `rolingstounzis~
hitebs ukravda, usaxelod arsebobda. daTos skolaSi im dros meore jgufic iyo,
romelsac ̀ kontrasti~ erqva. iq ilia zautaSvili pionerul dolze ukravda. orive
jgufis wevrebi xSirad ikribebodnen mis binaSi. mere iyo universiteti – fizikose-
bis klubi sardafSi. iq daTo axal jgufSi ukravda daTo sulaqveliZesTan erTad.
im periodSi daTos jgufma valeri koCarovis `qold fleimTan~ erTad pirveli
koncerti gamarTa eleqtrodepos klubSi. amas mohyva koncerti 31-e qarxnis klub-
Si da liloSi. am koncertebs mTeli Tbilisi eswreboda. 1973 wels Zveli kinostu-
diis darbazSi daigegma rokkoncertis Catareba. imdeni xalxi movida, rom stadi-
ons gaavsebda. plexanovis prospeqti gadaketes. kinostudiis direqtors SeeSinda
– daamtvreven yvelaferso. xalxi miliciam gayara.
daaxloebiT igive gza ganvlo daTo SuSanias Taobis nebismierma rokmusikosma.
Tamaz kapanaZe, romelsac melomanebi `maos~ metsaxeliT icnobdnen, rokenrols 14
baCi qitiaSvili
musika
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wlis asakSi eziara: misi erT-erTi da suxiSvilebSi cekvavada da `bitlzis~ diski
Camoutana. tradiciuli kariera: TviTnakeTi gitara, skolis jgufi, musikaluri
radiogadacemebi dasavleTidan, politeqnikuris jgufi... sxvebTan SedarebiT bed-
ma gauRima, radgan institutis xelmZRvaneloba sakuTari orkestrisTvis aparatu-
ras socialistur qveynebSi yidulobda. 70-iani wlebis SuaxanebSi Zalian gaizarda
maos jgufis popularoba. amis gamo uSiSroeba gamudmebiT uTvalTvalebda biWebs.
mao: `imis gamo, rom sxva mxriv `sufTebi~ viyaviT niWieri biWebi – orkestris wev-
rebi, verafers gvibedavdnen. erTxel institutis partkomSi gamomiZaxes: Tqveni
musika burJuaziulia da filarmoniis komisia gadawyvets iarsebebT Tu arao. komi-
siis reaqcia saSineli iyo; ayvirdnen, daxureT, gaauqmeT es jgufio. mxars mxolod
gogi cabaZe gviWerda; igi xeliTac ki gaiwia komisiis wevrebze~.
im xanebSi TbilisSi ukve arsebobda ramdenime met-naklebad profesiuli rok-
jgufi. maT Soris iyo `kontrasti~. is sxva
Tbilisuri jgufebisgan ZiriTadad ori
ramiT gamoirCeoda: es iyo ritmenbluzze
orientacia da ukompromisoba. jgufs sain-
tereso Semadgenloba hqonda: miSa fofxaZe,
malxaz CaxnaSvili, vova mogelaZe da iliko
zautaSvili. angloamerikul simRerebTan
erTad, qarTul teqstebze Seqmnil sakuTar
nawarmoebebsac asrulebdnen. `kontras-
tisTvis~ formasTan erTad didi mniSvnelo-
jgufi `anarekli~
robi kuxianiZe
back in the ussr
52
ba hqonda ideologias, amitomac jgufi arasdros wasula kom-
promisze da ar miuRia monawileoba komkavSirul-filarmoniul
RonisZiebebSi. amis gamo jgufs scenas ar aZlevdnen. erTaderTi
iyo gaioz kandelaki, romelic baraTaSvilis xidis qveS arsebul
klubSi aZlevda gamosvlis saSualebas. iqac yofila SemTxveva,
roca xelis SeSlis mizniT, uazro braldebiT, aparatura dapatim-
rebuliao, koncerti CauSliaT. albaT, amitom jgufi male daiSa-
la. jgufis wevrebi sxvadasxva gziT wavidnen: malxaz CaxnaSvilma
musika miatova; iliko zautaSvili dRes popularuli mxatvaria;
miSa fofxaZem ramdenime jgufi gamoicvala, mere filarmoniaSi
wavida, bolos ki gaiqca sabWoTa kavSiridan. igi `amerikis xmis~
qarTul redaqciaSi muSaobda luka beTanelis saxeliT. dRes igi
isev samSobloSia da sasuliero piria. erTaderTi vova mogelaZe
darCa rokSi: 80-ian wlebSi man Seqmna qarTuli rokis istoria-
Si yvelaze profesiuli jgufi `bluz mobili~ da masTan erTad
warmatebiT moiara dasavleTi evropa. ai, rogor ixsenebs 70-iani
wlebis dasawyiss iliko zautaSvili: `totaluri nadiroba iyo
grZel Tmebze – an daniT aWridnen, an uwvavdnen. erTxel mome-
parnen uknidan da Tmaze sanTebeliT momikides cecxli. erTxel
sastumroSi wamikides, erTxel – quCaSi. mere miliciaSi mivyavdi.
es Cawyobili fandi iyo~.
im periodSi ukompromisobiT gamoirCeoda qarTuli rokis
kidev erTi kolorituli figura, – valeri koCarovi. miuxedavad
imisa, rom Zalian popularuli iyo da garSemo uamravi xalxi ex-
via, valeri faqtobrivad yovelTvis marto iyo – Seqmnida xolme
ritmenbluzi – sasim-Rero-sacekvao Janris musikaluri stili, efuZneba 1930-1940-iani wlebis bluzisa da jazis mimrTulebebs. termini damkvidrda 1940-iani wlebidan da aRniSnavs aSS-is Savkaniani Sems-rulebeli musikosebis popularul mimarTule-bas, romelsac erwymis sacekvao ritmis elemen-tebi.
iliko zautaSvili
miSa fofxaZe da vova mogelaZe
musika
53
jgufs, mere maleve daSlida. sul ZiebaSi iyo da daukmayofileblobis grZnoba ar
asvenebda. misi jgufebidan aRsaniSnavia `kvadrati~, romelic mZime roks asruleb-
da, bitlomanuri `blici~ da cold Flame. 70-iani wlebis dasawyisSi `kvadratis~ Tma-
moSvebuli wevrebi faqtobrivad Soks gvridnen Tbilisel obivatelebs. saqme iqam-
dec ki midioda, rom maTi portretebi gamofenili iyo miliciis stendze, warweriT
– `eseni arcxvenen Cvens qalaqs~.
70-iani wlebis dasawyisSi `kvadratTan~ megobrobda jgufi, romelSic gamodi-
odnen daTo sulaqveliZe, daTo SuSania, saSa gociriZe da merab merabiSvili. es ori
jgufi erTad atarebda koncertebs. daTo sulaqveliZe im dros ase ixsenebs: `li-
los erT-erTi koncertis Semdeg komkavSiris qalaqkomSi dagvibares. mosaxleobis-
gan saCivari miviReT – es ra morfinistebi, planistebi da antifaSistebi iyvneno (es
ukanaskneli zedmetad faSists gulisxmobda)~.
koncertis Semdeg axalgazrdebi iago dekanoziSvilis (dRes cnobili oqromWede-
lia) barSi ikribebodnen, romelic sardafSi hqonda gaxsnili. es adgili uferuli
qalaqisTvis erTgvar oaziss warmoadgenda. saubrobdnen musikaze, xelovnebaze;
azrTa gacvla-gamocvliT ivsebdnen informaciul vakuums. rokma am axalgazrdebs
msoflmxedveloba Seucvala. isini musikis saSualebiT ifarToebdnen horizonts:
swavlobdnen inglisurs, gatacebuli iyvnen aRmosavluri filosofiiT, ecnobod-
nen meoce saukunis moazrovneebs, miTologias da, rac mTavaria, eziarebodnen Ta-
visuflebis suls.
back in the ussr
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rusi mwerlisa da publicistis, literaturis dargSi nobelis premiis laureatis aleqsandre solJenicinis mxatvrul-isto-riuli nawarmoebi `arqipelagi gulagi~ wlebis manZilze iyo akrZaluli sabWoTa kavSirSi iseve, rogorc solJenicinis mTe-li Semoqmedeba. romani efuZne-ba TviTmxilvelTa werilebs, mogonebebsa da monaTxrobs, aseve Tavad avtoris pirad gamocdile-bas da aRwers 1918-1956 wlebis sabWoTa represiul sistemas. a. solJenicinma nawarmoebi daw-era1958-1967 ww-Si, cenzurisagan malulad da gamoaqveyna 1973 wels parizSi. Tavad mwerals1974 wels, rogorc `samSoblos moRa-lates~, CamoarTves moqalaqeoba da gaaZeves sabWoTa kavSiridan. `perestroikasTan~ erTad Ser-bilda sabWoTa xelisuflebis damokidebuleba a. solJenicinis mimarT. 1991 wels mas aRudgines ssrk-is moqalaqeoba. igi samSob-loSi 1994 wels ojaxTan erTad dabrunda. a. solJenicini garda-icvala 2008 wels, 90 wlis asakSi.
totalitaruli reJimis dros Tavisufleba ise Sors
iyo, rom misken swrafvis gamoxatuleba dRes sasacil-
odac ki gamoiyureba. erTi biWi, magaliTad, fineTSi
leninis plakatebs agzavnida da iqidan diskebs iRebda.
erTxel miSa fofxaZes da daTo sulaqveliZes cota xniT
solJenicinis `gulagi~ CauvardaT xelSi. erT Rames fo-
toebze gadaiRes, meore Rames or egzempliarad dabeWd-
es, mesame Rames waikiTxes da dawves. ai aseTi didi SiSi iyo
reJimis mimarT.
aseT cxovrebas bevri ver egueboda. amitomac gaiq-
ca miSa fofxaZe. is pirveli rokemigranti iyo saqarT-
velodan. Semdeg mas kidev bevri mihyva, magram maT epoqis
Sesabamisad es ufro civilizebuli meTodebiT moaxerx-
es.
ai, aseTi fizikuri, fsiqologiuri da moraluri wnex-
is qveS viTardeboda qarTuli roki 70-ian wlebSi. arc
aris gasakviri – sabWoTa kavSirSi gamefebuli totali-
taruli reJimi Sedioda uZraobis saxeliT cnobil axal
fazaSi.
cnobili Teoretikosi jasperi miiCnevs, rom `axalgaz-
rdoba, romelic ejaxeba TviTdamkvidrebis problemas
bakur burduli da qiSo glunCaZe
musika
55
da ar iRebs winaparTa faseulobebsa da avtoritets, masobrivi komunikaciis yve-
la formidan irCevs musikas, rogorc TviTgamoxatvisa da sakuTari Tavis moZeb-
nis gzas~. musikas agreTve adamianTa darazmvisa da gaerTianebis rolic miewere-
ba.
cxadia, es yvelaferi Zalian kargad icodnen totaluri SezRudvebisa da si-
cruis sabWoTa ideologebma, romlebic cdilobdnen maqsimaluri informaciuli
vakuumi SeeqmnaT sazogadoebisTvis. dasavleTidan ris vaivaglaxiT Semotanil
oriode disks sabWoTa kavSiri sakuTari produqciiT upirispirdeboda. Cveni
musikaluri maRaziebi savse iyo gramfirfitebiT, magram an ra iyo zed Cawerili, an
rogor iyo Cawerili, an ra ydebi hqonda?! xmis Caweris industriis monopolistis,
`melodiis~, gamoSvebuli firfitebis ydebs, damoukideblad musikaluri masal-
isa, amSvenebda feradi rgolisebri spiralebi, gvirilebi an levitanis* sevdiani
Semodgomis peizaJebi. rac Seexeba musikas, is Zalian Sors iyo axalgazrduli kul-
turisgan.
amis miuxedavad, yofil sabWoTa kavSirSi saqarTvelo gaxda pirveli respub-
lika, sadac gaxurebuli uZraobis periodSi, 1980 wels, Catarda namdvili rok-
festivali. am RonisZiebaze mTeli sabWoeTidan TbilisSi Camovidnen jgufebi,
romelTa did nawils sabWoTa ideologia ar aRiarebda da ufro metic – sdevnida.
cnobili rokkritikosis, artiom troickis azriT es iyo yvelaze mniSvnelovani
movlena sabWoTa rokis istoriaSi. festivalze filarmoniul da kulturis saxlis
jgufebTan erTad gamodiodnen namdvili andergraundis warmomadgenlebi. festi-
vali iqca sabWoTa araoficialuri rokkulturis kulminaciad – mis Semdeg bevri
ram Seicvala. sainteresoa, rom am festivalze iyo peterburguli jguf `akvari-
umis~ yvelaze skandaluri gamosvla. roca jgufis liderma, boris grebenSCikov-
ma, mikrofonis sayrdeniT daiwyo gitaraze dakvra, xolo Semdeg scenaze gawva, Ji-
urim mTeli SemadgenlobiT datova filarmoniis darbazi. kulisebSi festivalis
* isaak levitani (1860-1900) – XIX saukunis meore naxevris warmoSobiT ebraeli rusi mxatvari, peiza-Jebis ostati.
back in the ussr
Bboris grebenSCikovi
56
aRSfoTebulma organizatorebma scenaze mimdinare movlenebi Seafases, rogorc
`homoseqsualizmis gamovlineba~. mSobliur qalaqSi dabrunebuli grebenSCikovi
samsaxuridan gaaTavisufles da komkavSiridan garicxes.
ruseTSi am festivals dResac sabWoTa vudstoks eZaxian. festivalisadmi in-
teresma cxadyo, rom am musikas CvenTan saintereso momavali unda hqonoda. da
marTlac, 80-iani wlebis SuaxanebSi saqarTveloSi wamoizarda rokmusikosebis meo-
re da bevrad TviTmyofadi Taoba. maT Soris aRsaniSnavia qiSo glunCaZe, lado bur-
duli da dada dadiani. amave Taobas ekuTnian irakli Carkviani da robi kuxianiZe,
magram maTi warmateba ufro damoukidebel saqarTvelosTan aris dakavSirebuli.
meore Taobas ufro momzadebul, `civilizebul~ sazogadoebasTan mouxda da-
pirispireba. Sesabamisad, daixvewa konfrontaciis meTodebi. Seicvala gmiris imi-
ji. wina planze wamoiwia bendenam, gadaparsulma Tavma, sayurem, jaWvebma, tyavebma,
metalis nakeTobam. brZola ufro gamZafrda. axalgazrdebs miliciasTan erTad
Tanatolebic ebrZodnen. aseTi damokidebuleba bevri musikosisTvis miuRebeli
aRmoCnda. qiSo, Tavis kinogmiris msgavsad (filmi `laqa~), arsebuli realobis msx-
verpli gaxda da amerikas Seafara Tavi. saqarTvelodan inglisSi gadabargda dad-
ac. misi sxvadasxva proeqtidan sazogadoeba yvelaze metad gaaRiziana pankjgufma
`taqsim~ socialurad aqtiuri teqstebiT.
cxovrebis stilis gamo qarTveli rok-musikosebidan yvelaze meti albaT lado
burduls `moxvda~. emociuri biWisTvis nebismieri pirobiToba miuRebeli iyo.
dawyebuli pirveli urTierTobiT rokkulturasTan (mamidamisis qorwilidan
`bitlzis~ abbey road moipara) da damTavrebuli dRevandeli dRiT, lados aras-
dros uRalatia alternativisTvis. iyo dro, roca quCaSi misi nebismieri gasvla,
kadrebi filmidan `laqa~
musika
57
gamomwvevi Cacmulobis gamo, incidentiT mTavrdeboda. Sesrulebis eqspresiuli
manerisa da yvelasaTvis gasagebi, tkiviliT gajerebuli, qarTulenovani teqstebis
gamo bevrma faSistad monaTla. koncertebis Semdeg bevrs uCndeboda misi cemis
survili. erTxel viRac `Zveli biWi~ miadga da uTxra, gogosTan erTad var da reebs
mRerio. quCaSi xalxi imiT cnobda, JRaruniT rom dadioda: sayureebi, `bulavkebi~,
rkinebi, gatexili saaTebi. ramdenjerme daiWires, magram maleve uSvebdnen. erTxel
seriozulad daiWires, Seuracxyofa miayenes, magram viRacam icno – es is ar aris,
sul ase rom dadiso – da gamouSves.
am Taobis musikosebis moRvaweobas sabWoTa ideologiasTan erTad win aRudga 80-
iani wlebis bolos gamZafrebuli erovnuli moZraoba. erovnuli aRtkineba cxovre-
bis yvela sferoSi nebismier aratradiciul formas ewinaaRmdegeboda.
male sabWoTa kavSiric daiSala. rokmusikas formalurad moexsna SezRudvebi da
TiTqos aq unda dasmoda wertili qarTul musikalur kontrkulturas. magram ka-
pitalisturma urTierTobebma axali problemebi wamoWra. Tumca es simRera Cvens
diskSi ar Sedis...
irakli Carkviani da lado burduli
back in the ussr