BA 10/11. What are the 3 reasons for the Scientific

Revolution?

2. What did Copernicus discover?

3. Why is the Church against the discoveries of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo?

Enlightenment

SSWH13 The student will examine the intellectual, political, social, and economic factors that changed the world view of Europeans.

b. Identify the major ideas of the Enlightenment from the writings of Locke, Voltaire, and Rousseau and their relationship to politics and society

Essential Question

How did the introduction of new ideas, concepts, and beliefs lead to political, economic and social changes?

Background Scientific Revolution offers new ways of thinking

People begin to reevaluate beliefs regarding government, religion, economics, and education

Enlightenment: movement that stresses reason and thought along with the power of individuals to solve problems AKA: Age of Reason

Ideas started by Thomas Hobbes and John Locke and spread throughout Europe

Great Philosophers of the Enlightenment

England:

1. John Locke

2. Thomas Hobbes

France:

1. Voltaire

2. Jean Jacques Rousseau

John Locke

John Locke Believes people can learn from experience and improve themselves (“Tabula Rasa” Blank Slate) People have the natural ability to govern

themselvesAll people are born with 3 natural rights:1. Life, Liberty, Property Government designed to protect natural rights

If government fails, citizens have the right to overthrow it

Importance: foundation of U.S. and European democracy

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kItXvJLnTtk

Voltaire

Voltaire French philosopher

Publishes over 70 books of political essays, philosophy, and drama

Writes about tolerance, reason, freedom of religion, and freedom of speech

Uses satire against clergy, aristocracy, and government Imprisoned twice and exiled to England for 2 years

Satire: artistic style of using humor to ridicule practices of a society

The War King

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Committed to individual freedom Civilization corrupted people direct democracy

Direct democracy: government is formed by the people and guided by the general will of society

Jean Jacques Rousseau continued

2 major features:

1. All people are equal

2. Abolish titles of nobility

Ideas inspire leaders of French Revolution

Enlightenment’s Legacy

1. Challenges establish ideas of society:

A. Divine right

B. Union of church and state

C. Unequal social classes

D. Slavery

2. Inspires American and French revolution

Enlightenment’s Legacy continued

3. Reason could solve social problems

4. More secular outlook on world

5. Rise of individualismJudge right or wrong personally not through

church’s guidance

Satire Assignment

Today we have examined the Enlightenment and the impact of English and French philosophers. One of the most famous philosophers was Voltaire. Voltaire used satire as a means of bringing humor and attention to areas of society that needed to change. Your goal is to create your own satire work.

Choose a part of society that you think should be changed (ex: school rules, war, politics, etc.)

Create an APPROPRIATE drawing or story that uses humor to bring about the change you want and be prepared to present in front of the class.

More on satire pg. 635