azaa 9-stepped proton-18 jan

7/25/2019 Azaa 9-Stepped Proton-18 Jan.

1/7

THE FULL 9 STEPPED CYCLE OF PROTON CONDUCTANCE INSIDE

HUMAN BODY PROPOSED BY M.AMBAGA, INCLUDING THE

DONATORS + MEMBRANE-REDOX POTENTIALS THREE-STATE LINE

SYSTEM + O2 + DP + PI + H++ NH + MEMB. SPACE = (ATP + HEAT

ENERGY + H2O + NH + MATRIX + CO2! REACTION MEDIUM

U"##$%##' 2)*

). I$&'&/$.

We at frst proposed about that it is existed the ull 9 stepped cycle o proton

conductance inside human body, which started rom release o proton and

electron rom ood (frst stage) ended by fnal accumulation o ree protons in the

orm o HbH (O2Hb) inside o erythrocytes, allowing to promotion o upta!e

oxygen by human body and remo"e o carbon dioxide rom human body (end 9

stage)#Hydrogen ion, strictly, the nucleus o a hydrogen atom separated rom its

accompanying electron# $he hydrogen nucleus is made up o a particle carrying a

unit positi"e electric charge, called a proton# $he isolated hydrogen ion,

represented by the symbol H%

, is thereore customarily used to represent aproton#

T01 "" 9 3&1441 5"1 4'&$ $$1 /$3/1 06#$ %5

4'431 %5 M.A6%#7#, /$"/$7 &01 D$#&'3 + 616%'#$1-'18

4&1$&/#"3 &0'11-3&1 "/$1 353&16 + O2 + DP + P/ + H++ $H + 616%.

34#1 = (ATP + 01#& 1$1'75 + H2O + $H + 6#&'/8 + CO2! '1#&/$

61/6.


2/7

2#$ransfer ofproton,electronto'()Hashydrogen atom

*#

+#

#-#

.#

/#

9#

T01 "" 9 3&1441 5"1 4'&$ $$1 /$3/1 06#$ %5

4'431 %5 M.A6%#7# " /$"1 30 1"" :$$ 61%"/

4#&0#53 #3 7"5"53/3, 41$&31 40340#&1 4#&0#5, ;'1%3 5"1, %1&

8/#&/$ #&&5 #/3, #6/$ #/ 8/#&/$.

$he ormation o ree protons rom metabolic water again by reaction as

H20O*1H%H0O* (H20O* ormed rom metabolic water), proton combine with

hemoglobin (generation o HbH) which promotes the release o oxygen rom

hemoglobin, oxygen diusion to cells, proton released rom hemoglobinpromotes upta!e o oxygen by hemoglobin, the ormation o 0O2 rom H20O*

under action o carbonic anhydrase, diusion o 0O2in the al"eoli in the end 9

stage e"entually lead to the release o proton and electron rom ood substrates

as carbohydrate, amino acids, atty acids at frst stage# 3n such way end 9 stage

o the ull 9 stepped cycle o proton conductance inside human body is

connected with frst & stage#

$his is reason why we use thermin as ull closed 9 stepped cycle o proton

conductance inside human body, started rom ood substrates as carbohydrate,

amino acids, atty acids and ended by oxygen and carbon dioxide i#e# a set o

e"ents or actions in the ull closed 9 stepped cycle o proton conductance insidehuman body happened again and again in the same order, repeating series o

e"ents#


3/7

T01 1


4/7

9# $he ull 9 stepped cycle o proton conductance inside human body proposed

by 4#mbaga and renal unction (urine H;'a exchange)#

&


5/7

. T01 4'1


6/7

34#1 = (ATP + 01#& 1$1'75 + H2O + $H + 6#&'/8 + CO2! '1#&/$

61/6.

ll these processes are connected with pre"ailence o gamma state with

low oxidation and reducti"e potentials in the membraneredox potentials three

state line system o 5onators % membraneredox potentials threestate line

system % O2 % 67 % 7i % H%% nH % memb# space 1 ($7 % heat energy) % H2O

% nH % matrix % 0O28 reaction medium o human body#

7rotonation capacity o erythrocyte represent the capacity o this cell to

orm HbH with participation o ree protons, generated by reaction as

H20O*1H%H0O* (?eeley natomy, 7hysiology, p#/&, fg#2*#&9) allowing to

release o oxygen rom HbO2, released in such way oxygen diused to all cells#

2# 7rotonation capacity o erythrocyte also represent the capacity o this

cell to orm H20O*by reaction as H20O*1H%H0O*(?eeley natomy, 7hysiology,

p#/&, fg#2*#&9) with participation o ree protons, allowing to orm 0O2

(H20O*1H2O%0O2) released in such way carbon dioxide exhalated rom body#

*# 7roton and electron releasing capacity o serum represent the capacity

o serum en@ymes, which appeared as upta!e o proton and electron rom oodat frst stage, existed in the ull 9 stepped cycle o proton conductance inside

human body#

+# $he >uantity o protoni@ed compund represent the >uantity le"el o

energetic substrates accumulated inside human body ready to gi"e proton and

electron to the ull 9 stepped cycle o proton conductance inside human body i#e#

high le"el, medium optimal le"el, low le"el (no enough to ensure organism

need)#

# 3n case o our in"estigation H0O*and HbO2 o erythrocyte was

substitued by nitroblue tetra@olim and diphenyl picril hydra@il (77H)#

T01 "/1 0/3&'5 4'133 $


7/7

electrons existed in membrane redoxy potential three state line system

(between ood and airBoxygen) are associated with abstract theory o Cadgan o

$4, which is distinguished by cool, cold oil, stupid external characteristics#

Damma state o 4?, consisting o decreased contents o saturated

unsaturated atty acids, conditioning a decreased le"els o redoxy potentials

conducting the =ow o protons and electrons existed in membrane redoxy

potential three state line system ( between ood and air oxygen) are

associated with abstract theory o rlung o $4, which is distinguished by light,

mobile, nonoil, cool external characteristics#

$he membranebased mechanism or ma!ing $7 arose "ery early in lie

history and was so successul that its essential eatures ha"e been retained in

the long e"olutionary Aourney rom early procaryotes to modern cells# 3n

photosynthetic bacteria, plants, and algae, related membranebased process

produces $7 during photosynthesis# $he mechanism by which the bul! o $7 is

generated in the mitochondria diers rom the way in which $7 produced by

glycolysis in that it in"ol"es membraneEoxidati"e phosphorylation depends in

electron transport within mitochondria membrane and the transport o ions

across it#

$he membranebased mechanism or ma!ing $7 consists o two lin!ed

stages, both are carried out by protein complexes in the membrane#

SG )#

Flectrons deri"ed rom oxidation o ood molecules or rom other sources are

transerred along a electron carriers called an electrontransport chain

embedded in the membrane# $hese electron transers release energy that is

used to pump protons (H%) deri"ed rom oods#

SG 2.7rotons (H%) =ows bac! down its electrochemical gradient through protein

complex called $7 synthase, which catalyses the energy re>uiring synthesis $7

rom 7 and inorganic phosphate# $his ubi>utious en@yme ser"es the role o

turbine, permitting the proton gradient to dri"e the production o $7#

0hemiosmotic coupling (osmotic rom the Dree! to push) frst e"ol"ed in

bacteria#

erobic eucaryotic cells appear to ha"e adopted the bacterial chemiosmotic

mechanisms intact, frst by engulfng aerobic bacteria to orm mitochondria and

somewhat later in the lineages leading to algae and plants by engulfngcyanabacteria to orm chloroplasts#

Cy examining the liestyles o "ariety o single celled organisms including those

that resemble our early ancestors we can began to see the role that

chemiosmotic coupling has played in the rise o complex eucaryotes and in the

de"elopment o all lie on Farth#

:ie on earth has e"ol"ed o"er billion years# With the e"olution o the membrane

based process o photosynthesis more than * billion years ago, organism were no

longer dependent on perormed organic chemicals#

azaa 9-stepped proton-18 jan

Documents