axing the axis: allies take the offensive, 1942-1944
DESCRIPTION
Axing the Axis: Allies Take the Offensive, 1942-1944. The Atlantic Wall. A “wall” of defenses to block an Allied invasion Plans called for over 2,500 miles of defenses from Norway to Spain. Plans for Atlantic Wall:. WHERE TO INVADE???. Operation Torch 1942-43. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Axing the Axis: Allies Take the Offensive,
1942-1944
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The Atlantic Wall• A “wall” of
defenses to block an Allied invasion
• Plans called for over 2,500 miles of defenses from Norway to Spain
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Plans for Atlantic Wall:
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WHERE TO INVADE??? Brainstorm 1 advantage and 1 disadvantage to the Allies invading each location #1-4.
#1: France
#2: Germany
#3: Italy
#4: North Africa
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STALINGRAD Aug 1942-Feb 1943
• Major industrial city in Southern Russia. Hitler ordered troops to take the city at all costs (500,000 troops).
• Soviets trapped German army inside city. 90,000 Germans surrendered.
• TURNING POINT! (USSR now advances toward Germany)
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USSR and Allies• 1942: Stalin asked Allies to
invade France
• 1942: Allies invaded North Africa instead (didn’t listen)
• Stalin began to think the Allies wanted to let Germany weaken the Soviet Union (didn’t trust them)
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Operation Torch1942-43
• Allied invasion of North Africa• U.S.-Algeria, Tunisia; Britain/France-Libya, Egypt• Benefit: a. not highly defended by Axis
b. gives USA time to get more troops & supplies • Drawback: a. still not in Europe, b. desert fighting
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Allied Success!!!
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Operation Husky 1943-44• Allies next invaded
Italian Peninsula• Conquered Sicily in 1
month• Conquered Rome 1944• Benefit:
a. close to North Africab. Part of Europec. Mussolini out
• Drawback:-still no invasion in France to help USSR!
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USA Steps Up…• By 1944, USA has been in
war for 2 years
• Millions of soldiers gain experience, millions of tons of supplies produced each day
• Axis: Italy now defeated, Germany worn down
• Allies now have the strength to plan an invasion of France!
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Operation Overlord (D-DAY) 1944
• Largest invasion force ever (150,000 men/ 5,000 ships) Need to re-take France from Nazi Germany
• Preparation:
1) Fake invasion force assembled at Dover, Eng. (across Channel from Calais, Fr., 200 mi from Normandy)
2) Parachute troops sent in night before (sabotage)• INVASION- June 6, 1944 6:00 am 5 armies land on
beach in Normandy, France• SUCCESS! 9,000 dead, but 100,000 more landed and
began defeating Nazi Germany
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HITLER MAIN FORCE
FAKE ARMY
ACTUAL INVASION
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USA, Allies
USSR
“Battle of the Bulge”: Dec. 1944… Germany’s last attack on the Allies, pushed into France and formed a “Bulge” in Allied lines. (they lost, though)
“V-E Day” May 8, 1945: The date Germany formally surrendered to the Allies and USSR. “Victory in Europe Day”
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