axial skeleton: vertebral column, thorax slides by vince austin; figures from marieb & hoehn 7...
TRANSCRIPT
Axial Skeleton:Vertebral Column, Thorax
Slides by Vince Austin;
figures from Marieb & Hoehn 7th and 8th eds.;
modifications and some slides by W. Rose
Portions copyright Pearson Education
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bony Thorax (Thoracic Cage)
Thoracic cage composed of
Thoracic vertebrae dorsally
Ribs laterally
Sternum and costal cartilages anteriorly
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bony Thorax (Thoracic Cage)
Functions
Forms protective cage around heart, lungs, and great blood vessels
Supports shoulder girdles and upper limbs
Provides attachment for many neck, back, chest, and shoulder muscles
Uses intercostal muscles to lift and depress thorax during breathing
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bony Thorax (Thoracic Cage)
Figure 7.19a
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bony Thorax (Thoracic Cage)
Figure 7.19b
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Sternum (Breastbone)
Dagger-shaped, flat bone lying in the anterior midline of thorax
Results from fusion of three bones –manubrium, body, xiphoid process
Anatomical landmarks include: jugular (suprasternal) notch, sternal angle, xiphisternal joint
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ribs
Twelve pair of ribs form flaring sides of thoracic cage
All ribs attach posteriorly to thoracic vertebrae
Superior 7 pairs (true, or vertebrosternal ribs) attach directly to sternum via costal cartilages
Ribs 8-10 (false, or vertebrocondral ribs) attach indirectly to sternum via costal cartilage
Ribs 11-12 (floating, or vertebral ribs) have no anterior attachment
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ribs
Figure 7.19a
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Structure of a Typical True Rib
Bowed, flat bone consisting of a head, neck, tubercle, and shaft
Figure 7.20a
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Structure of a Typical True Rib
Bowed, flat bone consisting of a head, neck, tubercle, and shaft
Figure 7.20b
Transverse costal facet