aww2013: addressing groundwater management and rural climate change in shanxi province (prc)

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

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AND RURAL CLIMATE CHANGE IN SHANXI

PROVINCE PRCAsia Water Week, ADB

13‐15 March 2013



• Steenbergen, Sun Xiangrong, Fan Caiying, Li Hongyan, Zhang Wen Zhong, Frank Radstake



Shanxi Province

• 104,000 abstraction points

• 3.5 rowth in usa e

• 12% less precipitation in

50

years

annually

• 6903 km2

(25%)

overused –

• Temperature increase 1.2

degree Celsius, esp

in

especia y in ow ying areas

• geological disturbance and

mining



0188 ‐ PRC Grant

Groundwater Management Shanxi Provincial Government

Municipa an County governmentsAsian Development Bank



inxu – re ulated roundwater s stem



Qinxu – regulated groundwater system

• 11,000 ha

under groundwater

irrigation• Alll wells equiped with

automated system operated‐ .

• 1473 wells by swipe card

•Quota

set

annually for

• Increased use of levelling andplastic mulch

,

• Tiered water price ‐

depending on use of quota

water is

40%

• Water levels rising since 2010

>1.6 mtr

– RMB 0.41

‐0.55/unit

• Quotas can be exchanged



Water levels

recorded



Water use recorded and billed 2

tiers



ixian – controlled dri irri ation in

reenhouses



Qixian

,

• 263m3/capita

• Groundwater use 173 of

• Filter, frequencey converter,

dual pipeline, drip system,

recharge

• Decline 0.76 m/yr

ertigation units

• Cost (all) RMB 6000/mu

•

• Upcoming greenhouse

agriculture

8000/mu

• Water saving 40‐60%

.•

er zer sav ng‐

• Yield incresse 25‐40%

• Water roductivit +90%



Plus some crops (zuccini) only grow in controlled

env ronmen



Re licated in loan ro ect

and outside

and im roved



Farmers union as

drivin force



Other pilots:

s – co wea er rr ga on



Xi – labour saving spring micro irrigation for ‘golden

pears



Pinghsun – micro‐sprinklers in mesh tents for prickly

as s oo



Pinghsun – micro‐sprinklers

Situation• Karst mountain, limited land

• Farm income RMB 2720/yr

Impact• Washes away aphids: better

• Prickley ash shoots (zanthoxylum) andwalnuts

Pilot

product

• Water saving approx 40%

• Fertilizer/ pesticide

saving

• Source development

• Central unit – including filter

• Each field unit owns meter and mixingsystem for fertilizer/ pesticide

approx 40%

• Yield increase approx 20%

• Annual additional income RMB• Suspended micro

‐sprinklers

• Costs RMB 5000/mu – including source

development

4000/mu• Expanded this year to 220 to

1000 mu



Local enter rise ex andin its ca acit



Providin out rower su ort



NICHE PRODUCT



Lessons

• Groundwater = mana in the water buffer

• Water price is

substantial

•

– Increased yields and better crops

– Reduced labour and reduced agrochemicals– Opportunties that were not there before

• Quick pay back (after maturity) and expansion

• Getting it technically right is

important

• Role of local enterprises and farmers union



MAIN LESSON

CREATING LOCAL

ON WATER EFFICIENT

aww2013: addressing groundwater management and rural climate change in shanxi province (prc)

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