Specification forthe Qualificationof WeldingSupervisors

AWS B5.9:2000An American National Standard

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550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126

AWS B5.9:2000An American National Standard

Approved byAmerican National Standards Institute

April 13, 2000

Specification forthe Qualification of

Welding Supervisors

Prepared byAWS B5 Committee on Qualification

Under the Direction ofAWS Technical Activities Committee

Approved byAWS Board of Directors

AbstractThis standard describes the requirements for qualification as a Welding Supervisor and Senior Welding Supervisor. Therequirements include education, experience, and a written examination. This standard also covers the levels of qualifica-tion and the job functions a qualified Welding Supervisor should be able to perform.

Key Words Supervisor, supervision welding, qualification

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Statement on Use of AWS American National StandardsAll standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the AmericanWelding Society are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of the AmericanNational Standards Institute. When AWS standards are either incorporated in, or made part of, documents that areincluded in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmental bodies, their provisions carrythe full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be approved by thegovernmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws and regulations. In allcases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes the AWS standards.Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard must be byagreement between the contracting parties.

International Standard Book Number: 0-87171-619-4

American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126

2000 by American Welding Society. All rights reservedPrinted in the United States of America

AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that bringstogether volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While AWS administers the processand establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, orverify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether spe-cial, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on thisstandard. AWS also makes no guaranty or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein.

In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or onbehalf of any person or entity. Nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someoneelse. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the adviceof a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances.

This standard may be superseded by the issuance of new editions. Users should ensure that they have the latest edition.

Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent. AWS disclaims liability for the infringementof any patent resulting from the use or reliance on this standard.

Finally, AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.

Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may be obtained by sending a request, in writ-ing, to the Managing Director Technical Services, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126(see Annex A). With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards maybe rendered. However, such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. Theseindividuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpre-tations of AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.

This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS B5 Committee on Qualification. It must be reviewed every fiveyears and if not revised, it must be either reapproved or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations, additions, or deletions)and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are required and should be addressed to AWS Head-quarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS B5 Committee on Qualification and the author ofthe comments will be informed of the Committees response to the comments. Guests are invited to attend all meetings ofthe AWS B5 Committee on Qualification to express their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse deci-sion concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committee. A copyof these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126.

Photocopy Rights

Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only, or the internal, personal, oreducational classroom use only of specific clients, is granted by the American Welding Society (AWS) provided that theappropriate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: 978-750-8400;online: http://www.copyright.com.

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PersonnelAWS B5 Committee on Qualification

R. D. Messer, Chair Exxon Chemical AmericasJ. F. Harris, 1st Vice Chair Ashland Specialty Chemical Company

S. A. Tennant, 2nd Vice Chair Northeast Wisconsin Technical CollegeJ. L. Gayler, Secretary American Welding Society

W. F. Behnke Visteon*N. S. Brown Canadian Pacific Railway Company*H. B. Cary Consultant

*S. L. Cotham Quality Engineering & InspectionsP. R. Evans PCI Energy Services

*H. W. Goser Stupp Brothers Bridge and Iron CompanyP. A. Grimm Modern Welding Company

W. H. Kennedy Canadian Welding BureauB. W. Phillips Bureau Veritas North America

R. Poe KoballoyJ. R. Reid Sithe New England

B. D. Schlueter Precision Calibration & Testing*G. C. Shubert United TechnologiesPratt & Whitney

*L. D. Smith ConsultantR. C. Stevens Stevens Engineering, LLC

R. F. Stumberg Jacobs Engineering Group Incorporated*O. J. Templet TNTTemplet N Templet Welding Supply

Z. Turner City and County of San Francisco*T. W. Wallace Metro Water District of Southern California

AWS B5I Subcommittee on Supervisor Programs

W. F. Behnke, Chair VisteonJ. L. Gayler, Secretary American Welding Society

A. L. Farland Brookhaven National LaboratoryV. Kuruvilla Havens Steel Company

S. L. Raymond International Training InstituteJ. R. Reid Sithe New England*L. Smith Beloit Corporation

O. J. Templet TNTTemplet N Templet Welding Supply*Advisor

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Dedication

This first edition of AWS B5.9, Specificationfor the Qualification of Welding Supervisors, isrespectfully dedicated to the memory of WallyUrbick. Mr. Urbick served on the Qualificationand Certification Committee from 1976 to 1995,the B5 Qualification Committee from 1995 to1998, and many other AWS committees coveringthe certification, qualification, and education ofwelding personnel.

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Foreword(This Foreword is not a part of AWS B5.9:2000, Specification for the Qualification of Welding Supervisors, but is

included only for information purposes only.)This is the first issue of this document. In 1996, the Qualification and Certification Committee became two separate

entities. The B5 Committee on Qualification was founded as a Technical Committee under the direction of the TechnicalActivities Committee (TAC), and the Certification Committee remained as a standing committee. In 1996, the B5I Sub-committee was formed to prepare a specification for qualification of welding supervisors.

Welding is a complex technology requiring qualified supervisors to achieve and maintain a defined level of weld qual-ity. Such supervising personnel should be able to manage practical and theoretical aspects of welding operations as theyapply to the day-to-day supervision of welding fabrication, construction, or maintenance. Qualifying as a Welding Super-visor indicates that the holder has a high degree of knowledge of the theory and practice of welding, and also has theability and capacity to direct and supervise welding in accordance with the appropriate requirements of a standard.

The Welding Supervisor directs welding activities and personnel, prepares work plans, provides work instructions,and evaluates worker performance. The Welding Supervisor must be thoroughly familiar with welding processes, weld-ing procedures, welder qualifications, materials, safe practices, and the limitation of weld testing. This individual mustbe able to read drawings, prepare and maintain records, prepare and make reports, and make responsible judgments. Forthe Welding Supervisor to be effective, the activities performed must be technically correct, ethically proper, and be con-sistent with the job requirements. The Welding Supervisor should be able to work with either the management or thewelder with ease, and appreciate the role of each.

This standard was developed to define minimum standards for those persons performing welding-supervision tasks,and to provide a means of recognition for those who have the knowledge, qualification, experience, and expertise in thefield of welding supervision.

Comments and suggestions for the improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent to the Secretary,AWS B5 Committee on Qualification, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126.

Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may be obtained by sending a request, inwriting, to the Managing Director, Technical Services Division, American Welding Society (see Annex A). A formalreply will be issued after it has been reviewed by the appropriate personnel following established procedures.

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Table of ContentsPage No.

Personnel .................................................................................................................................................................... iiiDedication ................................................................................................................................................................... ivForeword....................................................................................................................................................................... v

1. Scope .....................................................................................................................................................................1

2. Levels of Qualification ..........................................................................................................................................12.1 Welding Supervisor (WS)...........................................................................................................................12.2 Senior Welding Supervisor (SWS) .............................................................................................................1

3. Definitions .............................................................................................................................................................14. Functions and Activities ........................................................................................................................................2

4.1 Knowledge of Welding Supervision...........................................................................................................24.2 Understanding of Drawings and Specifications .........................................................................................24.3 Knowledge of Base Material and Welding Materials.................................................................................24.4 Familiarity with Welding, Brazing, Cutting Equipment, Theory, and Application....................................24.5 Knowledge of Safety Requirements ...........................................................................................................24.6 Welding Instructions...................................................................................................................................24.7 Knowledge of Welding Practices and Production Controls .......................................................................24.8 Welding Inspection .....................................................................................................................................24.9 Work Reports and Records .........................................................................................................................24.10 Understanding the General Applications of Welding Standards ................................................................2

5. Education and Experience Requirements..............................................................................................................25.1 Welding Supervisor ....................................................................................................................................25.2 Senior Welding Supervisor.........................................................................................................................3

6. Examination Requirements....................................................................................................................................36.1 Welding Supervisor ....................................................................................................................................36.2 Senior Welding Supervisor.........................................................................................................................3

AnnexesMandatory InformationAnnex ITask Description ...........................................................................................................................................5

AnnexesNonmandatory InformationAnnex AGuidelines for Preparation of Technical Inquiries for AWS Technical Committees....................................7

1AWS B5.9:2000

1. Scope1.1 This standard establishes requirements for the quali-fication of Welding Supervisors. It describes how personnelare qualified, the principals of conduct, and the practiceby which qualification may be maintained.

1.2 As used in this standard, the word shall denotes a re-quirement; the word should denotes a suggestion; and theword may denotes a choice. As used in this standard,welding shall be construed to include welding and brazing.

1.3 In the qualification process, an independent thirdparty shall examine the candidates general knowledge ofthe theory and practice of welding and of the responsibil-ities and duties of a Welding Supervisor. The indepen-dent third party shall examine the candidates welding-related qualifications and experience and shall determinethe candidates knowledge of the requirements of generalapplications of standards and codes. The employer shallmaintain all qualification records.

1.4 This standard is intended to supplement the require-ments of an employer, or other agency and shall not beconstrued as preemption of an employers responsibilityfor all work performed. Hence, it is the responsibility ofthe employer to determine a supervisors qualificationsother than those stated in 1.3 above, and confirm the capa-bility of performing duties assigned by the employer. Thestandard is not intended to supersede or contradict local,state, or national regulations.

2. Levels of QualificationThere are two levels of qualification for the Welding

Supervisor.

2.1 Welding Supervisor (WS). Basic supervisor leveldetermined by training and practical experience to fulfill

the basic supervision tasks. The WS shall meet the appli-cable qualification requirements of 5.1 and 6.1.

2.2 Senior Welding Supervisor (SWS). In addition toWS requirements, the SWS is involved in planning andcontrol of related tasks at a higher responsibility level re-quiring additional specific knowledge. The SWS shallmeet the applicable qualification requirements of 5.2 and6.2.

3. DefinitionsThe terms used in this standard are defined in AWS

A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions. Otherterms used herein are defined below.

acceptance criteria. Specified limits placed on charac-teristics of an item, process, or service as defined incodes, other standards, or other documents.

AWS. The American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeuneRoad, Miami, FL 33126.

candidate. The person attempting to qualify to thisstandard.

contact hour. One contact hour is equivalent to oneclassroom hour. Ten (10) contact hours are equivalentto one (1) CEU (continuing education unit).

inspection. The performance of an examination or mea-surement to verify whether an item or activity con-forms to specified requirements.

inspector. A person who performs inspection activitiesto verify conformance to specified requirements.

qualification. The characteristics or abilities gainedthrough education, training, and/or experience, asmeasured against established requirements, such as

Specification for theQualification of Welding Supervisors

AWS B5.9:2000

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standards or tests that qualify a person to perform arequired function.

Qualification Committee. The Qualification Committeeof the American Welding Society.

standard. A document that governs and guides a specificactivity.

verification. The act of reviewing, inspecting, testing,checking, auditing, or otherwise determining and doc-umenting whether items, processes, services, or docu-ments conform to specified requirements.

4. Functions and ActivitiesThe Welding Supervisor shall be responsible for di-

recting and performing operations to ensure that allwelding-related activities meet the applicable require-ments. A Welding Supervisor and Senior Welding Super-visor shall be able to perform all of the tasks identified inAnnex I of this standard.

The detailed activities that a Welding Supervisor shallbe capable of performing and/or demonstrating, accord-ing to the level of approval, include:

4.1 Knowledge of Welding Supervision. The supervi-sor shall be able to supervise personnel, evaluate job per-formance, coordinate jobs, and advise on the instructionof welding personnel.

4.2 Understanding of Drawings and Specifications.This includes reading drawings, applying specifications,and directing others in this skill. It further requires aknowledge of welding symbols, welding definitions, andterminology.

4.3 Knowledge of Base Material and Welding Mate-rials. This includes a basic understanding of weldingmetallurgy and base materials including their weldabilitycharacteristics, as well as an understanding of weldingfiller metal types and characteristics. This also requires abasic knowledge of material testing, strength calcula-tions, and material specifications.

4.4 Familiarity with Welding, Brazing, CuttingEquipment, Theory, and Application. This includes fa-miliarity with the characteristics of various powersources and other associated equipment for the intendedprocess(es), and with basic welding and cutting safety re-quirements in order to demonstrate the proper use ofequipment.

4.5 Knowledge of Safety Requirements. This includestraining, coordination, and maintenance of safety-relatedfunctions and personnel.

4.6 Welding Instructions. The Welding Supervisorshould review the written welding instructions to ensurethat all assigned personnel are familiar with the require-ments of these instructions. The Welding Supervisor maywrite welding instructions, be required to define testingrequirements to qualify welders, and/or be responsible toprepare reports for conformance to codes, other stan-dards, or other documents. The responsibility for weld-ing instructions including compliance with codes orother standards rests with the welding engineer, qualityassurance personnel, or quality control personnel.

4.7 Knowledge of Welding Practices and ProductionControls. This includes the application and storage offiller metals, the influence of welding parameters, andthe factors affecting variables, such as stress and distor-tion. The Welding Supervisor helps plan and coordinatewelding preparations and activities, and then ensures thatcontrol, corrections, and documentation are performedper requirements.

4.8 Welding Inspection. The Welding Supervisor shallensure that all welding meets the specified requirementsbefore inspection is initiated. Inspection tasks are per-formed and evaluated by qualified inspection personnel.

4.9 Work Reports and Records. The Welding Supervi-sor prepares clear and concise reports, and maintainsrecords of the reviews, inspection results, and perfor-mance documentation.

4.10 Understanding the General Applications ofWelding Standards. This includes applying the require-ments of codes and other standards correctly in order toproperly perform all the activities above.

5. Education and Experience Requirements

5.1 Welding Supervisor. In order to qualify as a WS, acandidate:

5.1.1 Shall be a high school graduate; or hold a stateor military approved high school equivalency diploma.

5.1.2 Shall have a minimum of three (3) years ofpractical welding experience in a fabrication construc-tion or welding-related industry (see 5.1.3). Practical ex-perience in a welding-related industry is an occupationalfunction that has a direct relationship with weldmentsfabricated to a code, specification, or other standard, andis directly involved in at least one of the following:

5.1.2.1 Design. Preparation of plans and drawingsfor weldments.

AWS B5.9:2000

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5.1.2.2 Production. Planning and control of weld-ing materials, welding procedures, and welding opera-tions for weldments.

5.1.2.3 Construction. Welding, fabrication, anderection of weldments.

5.1.2.4 Inspection. Detection and measurementof weld discontinuities and verification of fabricationrequirements.

5.1.2.5 Repair. Repair of defective welds.

5.1.3 As an alternative to 5.1.2, three years of rele-vant teaching experience may be substituted for one yearof the practical experience requirement with proper docu-mentation (e.g., photocopied summaries of subjectstaught, teaching certificates, and letters of reference).Relevant experience shall be considered on the followingbasis: teaching full-time (or teaching part-time at a full-time equivalence) in a trade, technical school, college oruniversity, the occupational skill of welding or subjectsrelating to welding, its application, control, materials,and processes.

5.2 Senior Welding Supervisor. In order to qualify as aSWS, a candidate:

5.2.1 Shall have two years documented experience asa WS acting in a supervisory capacity in a welding-relatedfield.

5.2.2 Shall have completed continued formal educa-tion in supervisory or management subject areas equiva-lent to 40 contact hours taken while qualified as a WS.

6. Examination Requirements6.1 Welding Supervisor. Candidates for WS shall pass awritten examination based on the essential tasks desig-nated for the WS as listed in Annex I.

A candidate shall be familiar with and understand thefundamentals of the following processes:

SMAW GTAW SW thermal cuttingSAW FCAW brazing mechanical cuttingOFW GMAW

Note: Cutting processes refer only to those that are ap-plied to the fabrication and repair of weldments.6.2 Senior Welding Supervisor. Candidates for SWSshall pass a written examination based on the essentialtasks designated for the SWS as listed in Annex I.

5AWS B5.9:2000

Annex I

Task Description(This Annex is a part of AWS B5.9:2000, Specification for the Qualification of Welding Supervisors, and includes

mandatory requirements for use with this standard.)

x = essentialo = desirable

Approval LevelI1. Personnel Management WS SWS

I1.1 Supervision(1) Coordination of jobs and personnel o x(2) Provision and maintenance of adequate instructions x x(3) Advise welding personnel on welding instructions (e.g., welding/NDE symbols) o x(4) Supervision of job performance x x

I1.2 Codes/Quality Management (QM) Requirements(1) Coordination of jobs and personnel in accordance with welding-related qualifications o x(2) Initiating and maintaining welder qualification records o x(3) Coordination and internal supervision of welder qualification tests o x

I1.3 Qualification of Personnel(1) Planning and coordination of training/qualification of welding-related personnel x x

I1.4 Safety(1) Training of personnel on welding safety requirements x x(2) Coordination of safety-related functions and personnel o x

I2. Welding Preparation and Fabrication

I2.1 Planning(1) Assessment of weldability and practical application (joint design, stresses,

materials, jigs, and fixtures required) o x(2) Feedback and liaison with designer/client/other concerned parties o x(3) Development of welding procedures (including heat treatment, welding

sequence, distortion control, etc.) o x(4) Planning and coordination of welding-related work (job scheduling/outside

contracts such as NDE) o x(5) Coordination of safety requirements (hot working permit/fume control) x x(6) Coordination of personnel, production, workplace, and material requirements o x

AWS B5.9:2000

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Approval LevelWS SWS

I2.2 Control(1) Welding quality (control that specified weld quality is met) x x(2) Welding-related documentation x x(3) Economy of process application o x(4) Correct application of welding procedures, materials, personnel, and equipment x x(5) Control of job schedules (also contractors) x x(6) Consumables (stock control/ordering) x x(7) Budget and cost o x

I2.3 Equipment/Consumables(1) Condition (maintenance/calibration) x x(2) Consumables storage and issue x x(3) Safety equipment (protective clothing, etc.) x x

I3. Quality Management and Quality Control RequirementI3.1 Personnel

(1) Coordination of code or internal QM requirements and welder qualification(also subcontractors) o x

I3.2 Procedure(1) Coordination of code requirements, welding procedures, NDE and quality plans o x(2) Control of correct application of procedures (including joint preparation,

preheat, and postheat treatment, welding sequence) x xI3.3 Procedure Testing

(1) Coordination of welding procedure qualification test o x(2) Internal supervision of welding procedure testing x x

I3.4 Materials/Prefabrication(1) Ensure that parent material and consumables meet specifications x x(2) Control quality of prefabrication (dimensions, joint preparations) so it meets

specifications x x

I3.5 Welding Inspection(1) Ensure that all welding meets the specified requirements before inspection is initiated x x(1) Ensure that all welding inspection (e.g., NDT) tasks are performed x x

I3.6 Documentation(1) Recording of required documentation x x(2) Filing/distribution of required documentation o x

7AWS B5.9:2000

A1. IntroductionThe AWS Board of Directors has adopted a policy

whereby all official interpretations of AWS standardswill be handled in a formal manner. Under that policy, allinterpretations are made by the committee that is respon-sible for the standard. Official communication concern-ing an interpretation is through the AWS staff memberwho works with that committee. The policy requires thatall requests for an interpretation be submitted in writing.Such requests will be handled as expeditiously as possi-ble but due to the complexity of the work and the proce-dures that must be followed, some interpretations mayrequire considerable time.

A2. ProcedureAll inquiries must be directed to:

Managing Director, Technical ServicesAmerican Welding Society550 N.W. LeJeune RoadMiami, FL 33126

All inquiries must contain the name, address, and af-filiation of the inquirer, and they must provide enough in-formation for the committee to fully understand the pointof concern in the inquiry. Where that point is not clearlydefined, the inquiry will be returned for clarification. Forefficient handling, all inquiries should be typewritten andshould also be in the format used here.

A2.1 Scope. Each inquiry must address one single pro-vision of the standard, unless the point of the inquiry

involves two or more interrelated provisions. That provi-sion must be identified in the scope of the inquiry, alongwith the edition of the standard that contains the provi-sions or that the inquirer is addressing.

A2.2 Purpose of the Inquiry. The purpose of the inquirymust be stated in this portion of the inquiry. The purposecan be either to obtain an interpretation of a standard re-quirement, or to request the revision of a particular provi-sion in the standard.

A2.3 Content of the Inquiry. The inquiry should beconcise, yet complete, to enable the committee to quicklyand fully understand the point of the inquiry. Sketchesshould be used when appropriate and all paragraphs, fig-ures, and tables (or the Annex), which bear on the in-quiry must be cited. If the point of the inquiry is to obtaina revision of the standard, the inquiry must provide tech-nical justification for that revision.A2.4 Proposed Reply. The inquirer should, as a pro-posed reply, state an interpretation of the provision that isthe point of the inquiry, or the wording for a proposed re-vision, if that is what inquirer seeks.

A3. Interpretation of Provisions of the Standard

Interpretations of provisions of the standard are madeby the relevant AWS Technical Committee. The secre-tary of the committee refers all inquiries to the chairmanof the particular subcommittee that has jurisdiction overthe portion of the standard addressed by the inquiry. The

Annex AGuidelines for Preparation of Technical Inquiries for

AWS Technical Committees(This Annex is not a part of AWS B5.9:2000, Specification for the Qualification of Welding Supervisors, but is

included for information purposes only.)

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subcommittee reviews the inquiry and the proposed replyto determine what the response to the inquiry should be.Following the subcommittees development of the re-sponse, the inquiry and the response are presented to theentire committee for review and approval. Upon approvalby the committee, the interpretation will be an official in-terpretation of the Society, and the secretary will transmitthe response to the inquirer and to the Welding Journalfor publication.

A4. Publication of InterpretationsAll official interpretations will appear in the Welding

Journal.

A5. Telephone InquiriesTelephone inquiries to AWS Headquarters concerning

AWS standards should be limited to questions of a gen-eral nature or to matters directly related to the use of thestandard. The Board of Directors policy requires that all

AWS staff members respond to a telephone request foran official interpretation of any AWS standard with theinformation that such an interpretation can be obtainedonly through a written request. The Headquarters Staffcannot provide consulting services. The staff can, however,refer a caller to any of those consultants whose names areon file at AWS headquarters.

A6. The AWS Technical CommitteeThe activities of AWS Technical Committees in regard

to interpretations, are limited strictly to the interpretationof provisions of standards prepared by the committee orto consideration of revisions to existing provisions on thebasis of new data or technology. Neither the committeenor the staff is in a position to offer interpretive or con-sulting services on: (1) specific engineering problems, or(2) requirements of standards applied to fabrications out-side the scope of the document or points not specificallycovered by the standard. In such cases, the inquirer shouldseek assistance from a competent engineer experienced inthe particular field of interest.

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