autonomous nervous system

7/24/2019 Autonomous nervous system

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AUTONOMIC

NERVOUS SYSTEM

SUBMITTED BY,DR.SAMEENA SHAMSUDEEN

DEPT. OF OMFS


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HISTORY

1807 Reil

vegetative nev!"# #$#te%.

1&00# 'a%e# (angle$1#te)ee* t! t+e ANS.

e))eent -!ti!n !) ANS

/ASE((

INO(UNTARY NEROUSSYSTEM.


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WHY ANS is

important

Maintains the CV,thermal,and gastro intestinalhomeostasis.

Structure,function and reflexs are critical to thesupport of the circulation under aneasthesia.


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ANATOMY

central control andfeedbac areas, sensor!

receptors, peripheraleffectors, and reflex

conduction path"a!s.

no distinct centers ofautonomic function in the

cerebral cortex.

#nput from $arioussensor! s!stems canimpact higher cortical

centers, be processed,

efferent autonomic acti$it!


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De#en#iti2ati!n an* +a3it"ati!n !) t+e #te##

e#-!n#e

De#4en*ing in-"t t! t+e -aaventi4"la n"4le"# !) t+e+$-!t+ala%"#

Re)le5e# ae -!4e##e* in t+e +$-!t+ala%"# an* t+e li%3i4)!e3ain

Bain#te%

Sti%"l"#)ea6#te##6*ange


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T+e !"t-"t 4ente# !) t+e ANS e#i*e in t+e %e*"lla

!3l!ngataan*t+e -!n# !) t+e 3ain#te%

T!ni4 i%-"l#e# )!% n"4lei lie t+e n"4le"# ta4t"#

#!litai"#%aintain 3l!!* -e##"e an* e#-!n* t!a))eent #ignal# )!% t+e #en#!$ #i*e !) t+e ANS.

T+e#e a))eent i%-"l#e# )!% t+e vag"# an*gl!##!-+a$ngeal I neve# e#"lt in va#!*ilati!n an*3a*$4a*ia


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SYMPATHETI9 SYSTEM

White ramuscommunicans

GREY RAMI

COMMUNICANS


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SYM%A&HC 'AN'(#A

SYMA%A&H)C &*+N

S&)((A&) 'AN'(#-N%A*A V)*&)/*A( 'AN'(#A.

%*)V)*&)/*A( 'AN'(#-NC-((A&)*A(

&)*M#NA( 'AN'(#A


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S%(ANCHN#C N)*V)S

0 splanchnic ner$es

'reater

(esser (east

1ormed b! %'1 "hich ha$e passed through the

s!mpathtic trun.


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Suprarenal

medulla


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APP(IED


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Horners syndrome


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PARASYMPATHETI9 SYSTEM


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9RANIA( OUTF(O:

3,7,9,1 CN carr!

"re#an#$ionic"aras!m"athetic

%i&ers 'irect$! to

#an#$ia $ocate'

near or 'irect$!in inner(ate'

or#ans)


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SA9RA( OUTF(O:


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more %ocuse' an' s"eci%ic

res"onses e$icite' &! *NS

acti(ation)


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FUN9TIONS


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Pegangli!ni4 ne"!n#

S!naptic transmission through ANS ganglia is

similar in both the SNS and the %NS.

%reganglionic neurons in both the SNS and%NS are cholinergic.


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+he"rinci"a$

#an#$ionic

rece"torsar

e

e,citator!n

icotinic

AChrece"tors


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autonomic

#an#$iaNM jn


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ngli!ni4


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P!#tgangli!

ni4

Ne"!n#

SYMPATHE

TI9

NER1OUS

SYSTEM


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norepinephrine released from s!mpathetic

postganglionic neurons stimulates both 23 and 43

adrenergic receptors, eliciting classic adrenergicresponses


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located presynaptically, provide

a negative feedback

loop to modulate further release

of neurotransmitter

&he posts!naptic receptors

regulate effector cells

through second messengersignaling


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i4


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#tgang

li!ni4

e"!n#

PARASYMP

ATHETI

9

NER1

OUSSYSTE

M


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SE9OND MESSEN/ERS IN THE

AUTONOMI9 NEROUS SYSTEM

#n the adrenergic s!stem, transduction is

mediated b! ' proteins, "hich then regulate

aden!l!l c!clase and phospholipase C togenerate second messengers andor directl!

modulate $arious ion channels


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AUTONOMI9 NEROUS SYSTEM REF(EES


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A+&-N-M#C HY%)**)1()5#A

autonomic d!sreflexia

Level

of the

lesion is

belowT5

No

h!"erre%$eia


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&H)*M-')N)S#S *)1()5


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Cardiac *eflexes

/A*-*)C)%&-* *)1()5

CH)M-*)C)%&-* *)1()5

/A#N/*#6') *)1()5

/)7-(638A*#SCH *)1()5

eptor


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/arorece

ptor

reflex


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Chemoreceptor reflex

/)7-(638A*#SCH *)1()5


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/)7-(6 8A*#SCH *)1()5

4+aa4tei2e* 3$ +$-!ten#i!n, 3a*$4a*ia, an* *ilati!n!) t+e 4!!na$ ateie#

!44"# in e#-!n#e t! n!5i!"# #ti%"li *ete4te* in t+eventi4le.

9+e%!e4e-t!# l!4ate* in t+e venti4le# e#-!n* t!%$!4a*ial i#4+e%ia,

e#"lting in an in4ea#e in 3l!!* )l!; t! t+e %$!4a*i"%an* *e4ea#e in t+e ;! !) t+e +eat. T+i# i# a

4a*i!-!te4tive e)le5. T+e -at+;a$ )! t+i# e)le5 3egin#;it+ e4e-t!# in t+e venti4le# !) t+e +eat, ;+i4+

*ete4t %e4+ani4al an* 4+e%i4al #ti%"li.


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. Afferent unm!elinated C3fibers tra$el through

the $agus to enhance the baroreceptor reflex

mechanisms, inhibit s!mpathetic output andinhibit $asomotor tone leading to peripheral

$asodilation.


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An in4ea#e in 4entalven!"# -e##"e 9P

a4tivate# #tet4+e4e-t!# in t+e atia.

A))eent i%-"l#e#t+!"g+ t+e vag"#

neve i%-a4t

4a*i!va#4"la 4ente#in t+e 3ain, ;+i4+ t+en

in+i3it t!ni4-aa#$%-at+eti4

!"t-"t, e#"lting inta4+$4a*ia.

#een *"ing 4+il*3it+;+en a"t!tan#)"#i!n

in4ea#e# 9P.

+he

-ain&ri'#e

re%$e


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O9U(O9ARDIA9

REF(E


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T+e tige%inal neve i# a##!4iate* ;it+ #eveal a"t!n!%i4 e)le5e#

autonomous nervous system

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