automated bus consortium program · 2019-09-17 · automated bus technology deployment program goal...

Automated Bus Consortium

ProgramMN Guidestar Update

Presented by Daryl TaavolaApril 4, 2019

ACCELERATING AUTOMATED TECHNOLOGY FOR TRANSIT SERVICES

Automated Bus Technology Deployment Program 2

• Automated shuttle

technology is proven

• Appears feasible to transfer

AV shuttle technology to

full size buses

• Vendors need a market to

cost-effectively produce these

buses

• Concept: Joint procurement

of 75-100 buses by 10 - 12

agencies

Summary of Concept

Automated Bus Technology Deployment Program

Goal of Automated Bus Consortium

Deploy full size, full speed automated buses:

• in a variety of geographies and applications to

advance the industry understanding of the

technology

• leverage the technology to improve safety,

reliability, operating efficiency and customer

experience.


Minnesota Autonomous Bus Pilot


LAS VEGAS AUTONOMOUS BUSES

– AUTOMATED BUS ROUTE ON

FREEMONT STREET

– PUBLIC STREETS:

MIXED TRAFFIC

8 INTERSECTIONS

6 TRAFFIC LIGHTS

– 35,000 RIDERS

– ONE YEAR DEMO; ENDED NOV, 2018

– NO FARES

– SPONSORS: AAA, NAVYA AV, AND KEOLIS

TRANSIT (OPERATORS)


PSTA AV Shuttle Pilot Project

- Demonstration Pilot In the City Of St.

Petersburg, Florida

- 0.85 Mile Route Along Bay Shore Drive, In

Mixed Flow Traffic

- Service: 6.5 Minute Headway, 2 Vehicles,

Four Stops, and Service for 12 Hours/Day

- 3-6 Month Demonstration Project,

Anticipated Start Date of mid-2019

- Connects Several Major City Points Of

Interest


Sampling of Other Demos

Location Vehicle

Manufacturer

Comments

Bishop Ranch

Business Park

San Ramon, CA

EZ 10 The testing started in a closed parking lot, with plans

to expand throughout the campus, including public

streets, by 2019.

Gainesville, FL EZ 10 Currently going through testing and mapping

processes and is expected to offer four different free

shuttles through downtown in partnership with the

University of Florida and the mobility operator

Transdev as part of a three-year pilot.

65 Shuttles Operating

Worldwide

Navya Just opened up a U.S. factory in Michigan and has

transported a quarter of a million passengers in

vehicles without drivers.

Gothenburg, Sweden. Volvo 12-meter autonomous vehicle for research


Automated BRT Technology Deployed (Amsterdam)

• Late 2016 demonstration with technology

available from earlier freight truck

development

• Bus system more similar to an airport

shuttle than transit bus system

• Private demonstration of a 20 km BRT

route with 11 stops and 25 intersections

• V2V, V2I, and various sensors and cameras

were leverages to demonstrate automated

service as well precision docking with bus

stops, bus signal priority, and pedestrian

and vehicle detection

• Demonstration had a driver available to

take control if necessary

• Technology has not since been released

for commercial use


Scotland to test first autonomous full-sized bus fleet in

passenger service - November 26, 2018

* Service to begin in 2020 with 42 passenger, 38 foot ADL bus

* Level 4 Automation – driver on-board during operation

* In 2019, the bus will be used in

autonomous mode only within the

depot environment, to carry out:

- parking

- moving to fuel station

- bus washing


UK’s First Full-sized Autonomous Bus Begins Depot

Trials – 3.18.19

• The 38-foot Alexander Dennis Ltd. Enviro200

bus has been fitted with the CAVstar® system

provided by Fusion Processing Ltd.

• The trial includes the bus being used in

autonomous mode within the Manchester

depot environment, to carry out movements

such as parking and moving into the bus wash.

• Operates in all weathers, day and night, and

plan an optimum path for the vehicle with

Level 4 automation.

• Trial forms the basis for an autonomous vehicle

trial due in 2020: fleet of five autonomous

buses will operate with passengers between

Fife and Edinburgh.

https://www.metro-magazine.com/news/photos/733435/uks-first-full-sized-autonomous-bus-begins-depot-trials/72500


Volvo Announces AV and AE Bus – 3.05.19

• THE PROTOTYPE BUSES ARE BASED ON THE

VOLVO 7900 ELECTRIC MODEL

• EACH BUS IS 12 METERS (39 FEET) AND CAN

CARRY ABOUT 80 PASSENGERS

• THE FIRST BUS WILL OPERATE ON THE

CAMPUS OF NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL

UNIVERSITY (NTU)

• VOLVO HOPES TO OPERATE THE SECOND BUS

OUT OF A DEPOT MANAGED BY SMRT,

SINGAPORE'S PUBLIC-TRANSIT OPERATOR .


Why Automation?

TRANSIT CHALLENGES

AUTOMATED TECHNOLOGY BENEFITS

Increasing Operating Costs

Driver Shortages

Reduction in Service Frequency

Diminishing Safety

Diminishing Ridership

Enables Mobility on Demand

Improves Environmental

Quality

Improves Safety of Systems

through Enhanced Connectivity

Improves Rider Experience

Optimizes System Operations


Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)

Levels of Automation


State of Automobile Automation

Manufacturer Partner Anticipated

Automated Year

General Motors LYFT 2018-2019

Ford Argo AI 2021

Honda Waymo 2020

ToyotaToyota Research

Institute2020

Renault-Nissan Microsoft 2020

Volvo Uber 2021

Hyundai - 2020-2030

Daimler Bosch 2020-2025

Fiat/Chrysler Waymo 2021

BMW Intel/Mobileye 2021

Tesla - 2018-2019

Automated Driver

Assist Systems

Automation in

Controlled

Environments, e.g.

Highways

Fully

Automated

MANUFACTURING AND

TECHNOLOGY PARTNERSHIPS


Overview of Transit Automation Technology

SAE

LEVEL 0

SAE

LEVEL 1

SAE

LEVEL 2

SAE

LEVEL 3

SAE

LEVEL 4

SAE

LEVEL 5


Application of Transit Automation Technology (FTA Definitions)

Bus Advanced

Driver Assist Systems

SAE Levels 0-3

• Accel & Decel

• Automatic Emergency

Braking and Pedestrian

Collision Avoidance

• Curb Avoidance

• Precision Docking

• Narrow Lane/Shlder Ops

• Platooning

Automated

Shuttles

SAE Level 4

• Circulator Bus

Service

• Feeder Bus Service

Maintenance,

Yard, and Parking

Ops

SAE Level 1-4

• Precision Movement

for Fueling, Service

Bays, and Bus Wash

• Automated Parking

and Recall

Mobility-on-

Demand

SAE Level 4-5

• Automated

First/Last Mile

• Automated ADA

Paratransit

• On-Demand Shared

Ride

Automated

ART/BRT

SAE Level 4

• Automated

ART/BRT

• Shuttle Service

• Fixed & Express

Route Service


Automated BRT FTA Case Study Example

Assumptions:• 5 mile long BRT system operating in both directions

• 16 retrofitted vehicles- 12 in operation with 4 spares; 12 year lifespan

• $10k in additional hardware for new or retrofitted buses

• $150k in vehicle mapping and infrastructure improvements along the route ($15k/mile)

Analysis:

• $512k NPV costs for the system

• $20.9M NPV benefits in operations, maintenance, labor costs

Risks:• Costs to study system and deploy technology

• Benefits are significantly reduced with any attendant onboard

Reference: TRANSIT BUS AUTOMATION PROJECT:

TRANSFERABILITY OF AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGIES FINAL REPORT. SEPTEMB ER, 2018, FTA


FTA

Automated

ART/BRT

Development


Billions of Dollars Pour into Autonomous Vehicle Technology

• Global investors are pumping money into autonomous driving-related companies,

according to data from CB Insights. In the first three quarters of 2018, they have

committed $4.2 billion, compared to $3 billion in 2017 and $167 million in 2014.

• The bottom line: The promise of autonomous driving has led investors — and

automakers — to open their checkbooks wide to ensure they’re part of the future

of transportation.

• The big picture: The $4.2 billion figure doesn't include all the funds automakers

are investing into developing their own new tech. A Brookings Institution report

last year estimated that from August 2014 to June 2017, a total of nearly $80

billion was invested in the area by the auto industry and venture capitalists.

https://www.cbinsights.com/research/auto-tech-startup-investment-trends/

https://www.brookings.edu/research/gauging-investment-in-self-driving-cars/


Conclusions: Accelerating Automated Transit

• Significant investment is being

made in automation

• Industry appears able to

produce an automated bus in

the 2021/2022 time frame

• The technology needs a market

• Labor Partnerships important

• Federal, state, and local

regulatory framework needs to

be refined

Proposed Program to

Advance Full Size

Automated Bus


Variety of

Applications

• Bus Rapid Transit

• Shuttle Service

• Arterial Rapid Transit

• Express Service

• Fixed-Route Service

• Point-to-Point

One Program to Gain Extensive Experience

Variety of

Geographies

• Cold weather

• Desert

• Hot and Humid

• Rainy

Variety of

Vehicle Options

• New Vehicles

• Retrofit Kits for Existing

Vehicles

• Zero Emissions Vehicles

• Traditional Propulsion

Vehicles


PROVEN WORK RESULT

• Service Visioning/Pilot Projects

• National & Local Outreach

• Vehicle and Infrastructure

Technology

• Financial Planning

• Regulations

• Implementation Strategy

• Go/No-Go

Phased Approached from Feasibility to Implementation

1 2PRELIMINARY DEVELOPMENT

AGREEMENT

COMPREHENSIVE

DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT

• Procurement

• Technology Testing

• Deployment

• Evaluation

• Next Steps


Potential Risks

• Passenger acceptance/security

• Labor

• Ability of Technology companies to deliver

• Liability insurance – not enough experience

with autonomous buses for underwriting

risk

• Research and development program costs

• Other

RISK REGISTER WILL BE DEVELOPED


Transit Unions and Automation – 3.21.19Transit Unions Are Drawing Up a Plan to Confront Autonomous Vehicles

As institutional embrace of automation continues to create a mounting threat to existing

jobs, unions are formally taking note. The Transportation Trades Department (TTD), the

umbrella of unions that represent transit workers inside the AFL-CIO (itself the largest

federation of unions in the United States), has released a policy statement outlining its own

plans to confront the threat automation poses to its workforce.

GAO issues recommendations for transit agencies

The U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) recently issued three recommendations

for transit agencies following a review of the transit workforce. The transit system requires

a skilled, qualified workforce. Annually, the Federal Transit Authority (FTA) provides more

than $12 billion to support and expand transit services. As technology advances and

employees retire, the industry will have trouble finding eligible applicants for transit jobs.


Potential Value of the Consortium

Accelerate Technology

Development and

Deployment

Reduce Planning and

Procurement Costs

Shared Lessons

Learned

Stimulate Technology

Demand


Consortium Agencies COMMITTED AGENCIES

• DALLAS AREA RAPID TRANSIT (DART)

• DEPARTMENT OF RAIL AND PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION (DRPT) /

HAMPTON ROADS TRANSIT (HRT)

• FOOTHILL TRANSIT

• LONG BEACH TRANSIT AUTHORITY (LBTA)

• LOS ANGELES COUNTY METROPOLITAN TRANSIT AUTHORITY (LA

METRO)

• METROPOLITAN ATLANTA RAPID TRANSIT AUTHORITY (MARTA)

• MICHIGAN DOT/PLANET M

• MINNESOTA DOT

• PINELLAS SUNCOAST TRANSIT AUTHORITY (PSTA)/FDOT

• WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA TRANSIT AGENCY (WMATA)

IN DISCUSSION

• METROLINK (MOLINE)

• JACKSONVILLE TRANSIT AUTHORITY (JTA)

• HOUSTON METRO

• CAPITAL METRO (AUSTIN)

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automated bus consortium program · 2019-09-17 · automated bus technology deployment program goal...

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