autism aba therapy - handouts · 2020. 5. 19. · feat-nt 2017 dfw autism conference executive...

AAC with ABA for ASD: Easy as 1, 2, 3 Christina Martin, CCC-SLP, BCBA Lauren Penne, SLP-Assistant, BCBA

2/3/2017

Therapy & Beyond www.therapyandbeyond.com 469.892.7500 1

Executive Director: Regina Crone, Ph.D., BCBA-D

AAC with ABA for ASD:Easy as 1, 2, 3

Christina Martin, M.S., CCC-SLP, BCBALauren Penne, M.Ed, SLP-Assistant, BCBA

Christina Martin, M.S., CCC-SLP, BCBALauren Penne, M.Ed, SLP-Assistant, BCBA

FEAT-NT 2017 DFW Autism Conference


Handouts

Updated handouts are available on our website at:


www.therapyandbeyond.com/presentations


Objectives• Understand how individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

benefit from Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC)• Understand no-tech, low-tech, and high-tech forms of AAC and which to

use• Understand the potential benefits of AAC on the development of natural

speech with individuals with ASD• Understand the myths about AAC and distinguish scientific from

pseudoscientific treatment claims• Understand behavioral AAC intervention approaches for individuals with

ASD



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Need for AAC with ASD

Approximately of individuals with autism present with little or no functional speech and may be candidates for AAC to replace or supplement natural speech.

Approximately of individuals with autism present with little or no functional speech and may be candidates for AAC to replace or supplement natural speech.

Weitz, C., Dexter, M., Moore, J., Glennen, S., & Decoste, D. (1997). AAC and children with developmental disabilities. Handbook of augmentative and alternative communication, 395-431.

Lloyd, L. L., Fuller, D. R., & Arvidson, H. H. (1997). Augmentative and alternative communication: A handbook of principles and practices. Needham Heights, MA Allyn & Bacon



What is AAC?

Augmentative and Alternative Communication includes (other than oral speech) that are used to express thoughts, needs, wants, and ideas.

Augmentative and Alternative Communication includes (other than oral speech) that are used to express thoughts, needs, wants, and ideas.

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2002). Augmentative and alternative communication: knowledge and skills for service delivery [Knowledge and Skills]. Available from www.asha.org/policy.



Augmentative vs. Alternative


American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2004). Roles and responsibilities of speech-language pathologists with respect to augmentative and alternative communication: Technical report [Technical Report]. Available from www.asha.org/policy.

Supplement to current communication

Supplement to current communication

Replacement of current communication

Replacement of current communication


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Key Terms

Act of giving or receiving information

in any form

System of conveying thought with shared rules

Communicationby vocal

production



AAC Forms

Sign LanguageCommunication Boards

PECSAnd many, many more

Sign LanguageCommunication Boards

PECSAnd many, many more

Speech Generating Devices

Electronic Communication Systems

Speech Generating Devices

Electronic Communication Systems



No Tech Example



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Low Tech Example



High Tech Example



Which AAC is best?



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Which AAC is best?

The best method supports the development of spontaneous, meaningful communication that generalizes to all environments. There is no such thing as one size fits all.

The best method supports the development of spontaneous, meaningful communication that generalizes to all environments. There is no such thing as one size fits all.



Feature Matching


Caron, J. (2013) Feature Match Table. Retrieved from http://www.childrenshospital.org/centers-and-services/augmentative-communication-program/downloads/app-and-clinical-feature-matching-handouts

an individual’s available or potentially available augmentative and alternative communication


Feature Matching Table


Caron, J. (2013) Feature Match Table. Retrieved from http://www.childrenshospital.org/centers-and-services/augmentative-communication-program/downloads/app-and-clinical-feature-matching-handouts


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Pseudoscientific ClaimsPseudoscience refers to claims that appear to be based on the scientific method

but are not.

Finn, P., Bothe, A.K., & Bramlett, R.E. (2005). Science and Pseudoscience in Communication Disorders. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 14, 172-186.


1. Untested2. Unchanged3. Confirming evidence4. Anecdotal evidence5. Inadequate evidence6. Avoiding peer review7. Disconnected8. New terms9. Grandiose outcomes10.Holistic

Russell’s Orbiting Teapot


Scientific Claims

“ASD is a medical/ neurodevelopmental condition with behavioral symptoms that are directly addressed by appliedbehavior analysis methods. ABA has proven effective in addressing the core symptoms of autism as well asdeveloping skills and improving and enhancing functioning in numerous areas that affect the health and well-beingof people with ASD.”

“The effectiveness of ABA-based interventions in ASDs has been well documented through a long history of research inuniversity and community settings. Children who receive early intensive behavioral treatment have been shown to makesubstantial gains in cognition, language, academic performance, and adaptive behavior as well as somemeasures of social behavior, and their outcomes have been significantly better than those of children in control groups.”

“ABA has both long-term empirical and research data to demonstrate its effectiveness inhelping children who are diagnosed with ASD, and AAP has endorsed the use of ABAtreatments when determined appropriate by physicians within a medical home, in closeconsultation with families.”

Applied Behavior Analysis as an Evidence-Based Practice

American Academy of Pediatrics. (2012) Statement on the Use of ABA to Treat Individuals with ASDs.Retrieved from http://www.armed-services.senate.gov/statemnt/2012/06%20June/Tait%2006-21-12.pdf



Applied Behavior Analysis

“The in which procedures derived from the are systematically applied to improve behavior to a meaningful degree and to demonstrate experimentally that the procedures employed were responsible for the improvement in behavior." (p. 14)

“The in which procedures derived from the are systematically applied to improve behavior to a meaningful degree and to demonstrate experimentally that the procedures employed were responsible for the improvement in behavior." (p. 14)


Cooper, J. O., Heron, T. E., & Heward, W. L. (2007). Applied Behavior Analysis, 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall.


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Applied Behavior Analysis

Some individuals may rely on socially inappropriate, or maladaptive behaviors (i.e. hitting) to communicate their needs to others. In these cases,

can serve as an method of communication through

.

Some individuals may rely on socially inappropriate, or maladaptive behaviors (i.e. hitting) to communicate their needs to others. In these cases,

can serve as an method of communication through

.


Danov, S.E., Hartmann, E., McComas, J.J., & Symons, F.J. (2010). Evaluation of two communicative response modalities for a child with autism and self-injury. The Journal of Speech and Language Pathology- Applied Behavior Analysis, 5(1), 70-79.

Wacker D. P, Berg W. K, Harding J. W, Derby K. M, Asmus J. M, & Healy A. (1998). Evaluation and long-term treatment of aberrant behavior displayed by young children with disabilities. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 19, 260–266.


Functional Communication Training

A differential reinforcement procedure in which an individual is taught an

that results in the same class of reinforcement identified as maintaining problem behaviorFor example, instead of screaming for an orange, an individual is taught to exchange a picture to gain access.

A differential reinforcement procedure in which an individual is taught an

that results in the same class of reinforcement identified as maintaining problem behaviorFor example, instead of screaming for an orange, an individual is taught to exchange a picture to gain access.


Carr, E.G. & Durand, V. (1985). Reducing behavior problems through functional communication training. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 18, 111–126.


Functional Communication Training



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AAC Myths

AAC is speech intervention strategy.



AAC Myths

“AAC interventions on the failure to developspeech skills or considered a last resort because AAC can play many roles inearly communication development.”

“AAC devices and strategies are a tool, a means to an end — language and

communication skills — .”

“AAC interventions on the failure to developspeech skills or considered a last resort because AAC can play many roles inearly communication development.”

“AAC devices and strategies are a tool, a means to an end — language and

communication skills — .”

AAC is a last resort speech intervention strategy.

Romski, M. & Sevcik, R. (2005). Augmentative communication and early intervention: Myths and realities. Infants and Young Children, 18(3), 174-185.



AAC Myths

AAC is speech intervention strategy.



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AAC Myths

There are skills needed for AAC.



AAC Myths

individuals are considered potential candidates for AAC. There is a

policy with respect to determining individuals' eligibility for AAC

services. There is arbitrary list of (i.e. matchpictures, level of cognitive ability, etc.)

" . . . breathing is the only prerequisite that is relevant to communication.Breathing equals life, and life equals communication. It is that simple."

There are pre-requisite skills needed for AAC.

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2004). Roles and responsibilities of speech-language pathologists with respect to augmentative and alternative communication: Technical report [Technical Report]. Available from www.asha.org/policy.

Kangas, K. & Lloyd, L. (1988). Early cognitive skills as prerequisites to augmentative and alternative communication use: What are we waiting for? Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 4(4), 211-221.

Mirenda, P. (1993). Bonding the uncertain mosaic. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 9(1), 3-9.



AAC Myths

There are skills needed for AAC.



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AAC Myths

Only benefit from AAC.



AAC Myths

The comprehensive study of AAC intervention by Millar, D., et. al, (2006)indicated that the positive effects of AAC intervention on speech production were

observed across children and adults, ranging in age from

.

It is too early or too late to start teaching AAC.

Only certain ages benefit from AAC.

Millar, D. C., Light, J. C., & Schlosser, R. W. (2006). The impact of augmentative and alternative communication intervention on the speech production of individuals with developmental disabilities: A research review. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 49, 248-264.



AAC Myths

Only benefit from AAC.



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AAC Myths

AAC will speech and language

development.



AAC Myths

There have been published studies that show decreased speechproduction as a result of AAC. Two articles reviewed all of the previously-published research that had investigated speech production before, during, and

after AAC intervention. of the individuals involved in any of the studiesdemonstrated decreases in speech production as a result of AAC intervention.

The majority demonstrated at least modest .

AAC will inhibit or impede speech and language development.


Schlosser, R., & Wendt, O. (2008). Effects of augmentative and alternative communication intervention on speech production in children with autism: A systematic review. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 17(3), 212–230.



AAC Myths

According to the study by Millar, D., et. al, (2006)investigating speech production before, during, andafter AAC intervention, participants with:

• Decreases in speech production- 0%• No change in speech production- 11%




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AAC Myths

According to Mirenda (2003), if AAC (e.g., the manualsign or graphic symbol for cookie) is presented alongwith the spoken word (as is typically the case in AACintervention), and these are followed by a reinforcer(e.g., a chocolate chip cookie),

.

Mirenda, P. (2003). Toward functional augmentative and alternative communication for students with autism: Manual signs, graphic symbols, and voice output communication aids. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools. 34 203–216



AAC Myths

AAC will speech and language

development.



Credit for Images Used• http://www-tc.pbs.org/parents/education/files/2012/06/Sign-

Language.jpg• http://www.asha.org/events/convention/handouts/2011/frost-horton-

matteo-waegenaere&psig=AFQjCNFK9cWXI5-AENpCEH_08LAT5fH2CA&ust=1454480315243447

• https://shaivalinisingh.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/footwear-big.jpg• https://hobi.com/myth-busters-itad/myth-busters-itad/• https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/touchchat-hd-aac/id398860728?mt=8

• http://www-tc.pbs.org/parents/education/files/2012/06/Sign-Language.jpg

• http://www.asha.org/events/convention/handouts/2011/frost-horton-matteo-waegenaere&psig=AFQjCNFK9cWXI5-AENpCEH_08LAT5fH2CA&ust=1454480315243447

• https://shaivalinisingh.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/footwear-big.jpg• https://hobi.com/myth-busters-itad/myth-busters-itad/• https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/touchchat-hd-aac/id398860728?mt=8



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Questions



Contact Information

www.mytherapyandbeyond.comwww.mytherapyandbeyond.com

469.892.7500469.892.7500


autism aba therapy - handouts · 2020. 5. 19. · feat-nt 2017 dfw autism conference executive...

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