author name here for edited books chapter 1 introduction to nutrition for exercise and health...
TRANSCRIPT
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Author name here for Edited books
chapter
1
Introduction to Nutrition for Exercise and Health
Physiology of Aerobic & Anaerobic Exercise
Prof Jennifer Broxterman, RD, MScFN3373: Nutrition for Physical ActivityLecture 2
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What Fuels Physical Activity?
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ATP
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Hydrolysis of ATP
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ATP & Energy Use by Exercising Muscles
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Rephosphorylation of ADP to Form ATP
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Energy Systems that Replenish ATP
Creatine Phosphate
Anaerobic Glycolysis
Oxidative Phosphorylation
ATP
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Characteristics of the 3 Energy Systems
Speed of Action
Amount of ATP
Replenished
Duration of Action
Creatine Phosphate
Very Fast Very Small Very Short
Anaerobic Glycolysis
Fast Small Short
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Very Slow Large Very Long
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Energy System 1
Creatine Phosphate
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Creatine Phosphate Energy System
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The CrP Energy System Rephosphorylates ADP to ATP Rapidly
• Anaerobic reaction• If [ATP] in a muscle ↓ there is an accompanying
↑ in ADP in the cell – ↑ in the activity of CK, allowing the reaction to
proceed faster
• CrP is stored in very small amounts• At very high-intensity exercise it takes ~ 5-10
seconds for CrP in the muscle to be depleted and fatigue to set in
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Characteristics of the CrP Energy System
• One chemical step• Catalyzed by creatine kinase (CK)• Very fast reaction• One ATP per CrP molecule• 5-10 second duration• Anaerobic• Fatigue associated with CrP depletion• Predominant energy system in very high-
intensity exercises (power events)
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Creatine Phosphate & ADP Rephosphorylation
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The Creatine Shuttle
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Energy System 2
Anaerobic Glycolysis
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Glucose
GLYCOLYSIS
2 Pyruvic Acid molecules
If Oxygen is AbsentIf Oxygen is Present
Anaerobic Metabolism
Aerobic Metabolism
Lactic AcidCO2 + H2O
2 ATP
36-38 ATP
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The Anaerobic Glycolysis Energy System
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Anaerobic Glycolysis
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Cori Cycle
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Energy System 3
Oxidative Phosphorylation
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Glucose
GLYCOLYSIS
2 Pyruvic Acid molecules
If Oxygen is AbsentIf Oxygen is Present
Anaerobic Metabolism
Aerobic Metabolism
Lactic AcidCO2 + H2O
2 ATP
36-38 ATP
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Cellular Respiration Overview
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
(glucose) (heat and ATP)
• The energy in one molecule of glucose yields 36 ATP
• Aerobic respiration involves a series of 3 reactions:– Glycolysis– Krebs Cycle– Electron Transport Chain
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Glycolysis
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Oxidative Phosphorylation Energy System
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Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain of Oxidative Phosphorylation
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Macronutrients as Fuel Sources during Exercise
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Beta Oxidation
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Respiratory Exchange Ratio
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Respiratory Exchange Ratio
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Respiratory Exchange Ratio
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RER Chart