australia & new zealand chapter #31. i. australia a. landform regions: –great dividing range...
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Australia & New ZealandAustralia & New ZealandChapter #31Chapter #31
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I. AustraliaI. Australia
A. A. Landform RegionsLandform Regions::– Great Dividing Range Great Dividing Range
(Continental Divide)(Continental Divide)– Central LowlandsCentral Lowlands– Western PlateauWestern Plateau
(covers (covers 2/32/3 of Aust.) of Aust.)
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The The Great Barrier Reef Great Barrier Reef (NE Queensland) (NE Queensland) – World’s World’s largestlargest coral reef system coral reef system– >>1,2001,200 mi. long mi. long – National Park (National Park (19751975))
(Great Barrier Reef Marine Park)(Great Barrier Reef Marine Park)
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B. ClimatesB. Climates DesertDesert continent w/ continent w/greengreen edges edges 2/32/3 = arid/semiarid = arid/semiarid The The OutbackOutback ==
the dry interior the dry interior Why so dryWhy so dry::
– Subtropical Subtropical highhigh pressure pressure– LowLow elevation elevation – Rain shadow Rain shadow effect effect
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C. WildlifeC. Wildlife EndemicEndemic species species = =
native species native species MarsupialsMarsupials = =
mammals that have mammals that have pouchespouches
to carry their young to carry their young
Wallaby
Koala Kangaroo
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Wallace’sWallace’s Line Line::– Line separating Line separating AsianAsian species & species & AustralianAustralian species species– Continental drift Continental drift isolated Australia & New Guinea isolated Australia & New Guinea
from other continents from other continents
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ExoticExotic Species in Australia: Species in Australia:– Prickly Pear Cacti Prickly Pear Cacti – European RabbitEuropean Rabbit– Red FoxRed Fox– Cane Toad (Queensland) Cane Toad (Queensland)
Have no natural Have no natural predatorspredators & &
threaten threaten nativenative wildlife wildlife
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D. HistoryD. History AboriginesAborigines = =
Australia’s native pop. Australia’s native pop. – NomadicNomadic lifestyle lifestyle – 300,000 – 1mill. originally 300,000 – 1mill. originally
1788: 1788: BritishBritish colonize colonize– Sydney = Sydney = penalpenal colony colony – 1851: 1851: GoldGold Rush Rush – Aborigines died of Aborigines died of Euro diseaseEuro disease
and and lostlost land land Today = Today = 1% 1% of Aust. pop (suffer from of Aust. pop (suffer from substancesubstance abuse) abuse)
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E. Population Info.E. Population Info. 92% 92% = = EuropeanEuropean, 7% , 7% AsianAsian, 1% , 1% AborigineAborigine Majority religion = Majority religion = ChristianChristian (90%) (90%) Literacy rate = Literacy rate = 99% 99% (per capita GDP = (per capita GDP = $42,000$42,000) ) Official language = Official language = EnglishEnglish w/unique Aussie words w/unique Aussie words Some common Aussie words & meanings:Some common Aussie words & meanings:
– Biscuit Biscuit = cookie= cookie– ClicksClicks = miles per hour = miles per hour– Dunny Dunny = restroom w/only a toilet= restroom w/only a toilet– Esky Esky = ice chest= ice chest– G’day G’day = hello= hello– Shark biscuit Shark biscuit = inexperienced surfer = inexperienced surfer
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F. SettlementF. Settlement High pop densities High pop densities = = southeasternsoutheastern coast (Marine-West-Coast) coast (Marine-West-Coast)
– Major cities grew as Major cities grew as portsports during colonial times during colonial times – 85% 85% of pop is urbanof pop is urban– Few in the Few in the interiorinterior? ?
Capital = Capital = CanberraCanberra
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G. EconomicsG. Economics DevelopedDeveloped country w/ country w/free market free market economyeconomy
based on based on servicesservices & & exporting exporting raw materials raw materials – World leader in World leader in mining mining (uranium) (uranium) – Ag exporter (wool, meat, wheat) (farmland = Ag exporter (wool, meat, wheat) (farmland = 6%)6%)– Has Has 15% 15% of world’s of world’s sheepsheep (30% of world’s wool) (30% of world’s wool)– Trade w/Trade w/AsiaAsia & & USUS
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II. New ZealandII. New Zealand
A. Natural Environments:A. Natural Environments:– Located on Located on Ring of FireRing of Fire
MountainousMountainous topography topography
– NorthNorth & & SouthSouth Islands Islands– Climate = Climate = Marine West CoastMarine West Coast
KiwiKiwi = endemic flightless bird = endemic flightless bird Has many Has many exoticexotic species species
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B. Natural ResourcesB. Natural Resources Main resource = Main resource = farmlandfarmland (>50%)(>50%) Little Little mineralmineral wealth (impact?) wealth (impact?) Renewable Energy: Renewable Energy:
– Hydropower (Hydropower (65% 65% of electricity) of electricity) – Geothermal Geothermal
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C. HistoryC. History 1769: settled by 1769: settled by BritishBritish Natives of New Zealand = Natives of New Zealand =
MaoriMaori– Better Better organized/unitedorganized/united – AcculturatedAcculturated into Western society into Western society
Most are Most are urbanizedurbanized
– Make up Make up >14% >14% of popof pop– Have more Have more landland rights than Abs. rights than Abs.– Maintain Maintain culturalcultural histories histories
Video of the haka Video of the haka
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New Zealand All Blacks: New Zealand All Blacks: *have won >75% of rugby matches since 1903*have won >75% of rugby matches since 1903
*have held the top ranking in the world for longer than all other *have held the top ranking in the world for longer than all other countries combinedcountries combined
Another haka video Another haka video
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Haka with interpretationHaka with interpretation
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D. Settlement & EconomyD. Settlement & Economy
75% 75% live on live on NorthNorth Island Island Capital = Capital = Wellington Wellington Primate City Primate City = = AucklandAuckland
*at least *at least twice twice as largeas large
as the next largest cityas the next largest city Modern Modern free market free market
industrial economy industrial economy
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CANE TOAD VIDEOCANE TOAD VIDEO
Video 1Video 1 Video 2Video 2 Video 3Video 3 Video 4Video 4 Video 5Video 5